{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T11:58:23Z","timestamp":1774353503015,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]],"date-time":"2020-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81761128004, 81803293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81761128004, 81803293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for Southeast University ,China","award":["2242016k30008, 3218006405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2242016k30008, 3218006405"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR01HD074221 , NIHR21AI122919-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR01HD074221 , NIHR21AI122919-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The adherence assessment based on the combination of nevirapine (NVP) and its two metabolites (2-hydroxynevirapine and 3-hydroxynevirapine) would more comprehensively and accurately reflect long-term adherence than that of a single prototype. This study aimed to develop a specific, sensitive and selective method for simultaneous detection of the three compounds in hair and explore whether there was consistency among the three compounds in assessing long-term adherence. Furthermore, 75 HIV-positive patients who were taking the NVP drug were randomly recruited and divided into two groups (high-and low-adherence group). All participants self-reported their days of oral drug administration per month and provided their hair strands closest to the scalp at the region of posterior vertex. The concentrations of three compounds in the hair were determined using a developed LC-MS\/MS method in multiple reaction monitoring. This method showed good performances in limit of quantification and accuracy with the recoveries from 85 to 115% and in precision with the intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation within 15% for the three compounds. The population analysis revealed that patients with high-adherence showed significantly higher concentrations than those with low-adherence for all three compounds. There were significantly moderate correlations of nevirapine with 2-hydroxynevirapine and 3-hydroxynevirapin and high correlation between 2-hydroxynevirapine and 3-hydroxynevirapin. The two NVP\u2019s metabolites showed high consistency with NVP in evaluating long-term adherence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25235692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]],"date-time":"2020-12-02T20:25:49Z","timestamp":1606940749000},"page":"5692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["LC-MS\/MS Quantification of Nevirapine and Its Metabolites in Hair for Assessing Long-Term Adherence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Haoran","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Department of Brain and Learning Science, School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center of Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liuxi","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Department of Brain and Learning Science, School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center of Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Department of Brain and Learning Science, School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center of Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Department of Brain and Learning Science, School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center of Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center of Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, South Carolina Smart State Center for Healthcare Quality (CHQ), University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Institute of Applied Psychology and School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, South Carolina Smart State Center for Healthcare Quality (CHQ), University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, South Carolina Smart State Center for Healthcare Quality (CHQ), University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuejiao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuaifeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huihua","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Department of Brain and Learning Science, School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center of Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2009.09.008","article-title":"Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), their discovery, development, and use in the treatment of HIV-1 infection: A review of the last 20 years (1989\u20132009)","volume":"85","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antivir. 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