{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:44:16Z","timestamp":1790815456305,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":265,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the improvements in life expectancy, neurodegenerative conditions have arguably become the most dreaded maladies of older people. The neuroprotective and anti-ageing potentials of essential oils (EOs) are widely evaluated around the globe. The objective of this review is to analyse the effectiveness of EOs as neuroprotective remedies among the four common age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The literature was extracted from three databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar) between the years of 2010 to 2020 using the medical subject heading (MeSH) terms \u201cessential oil\u201d, crossed with \u201cAlzheimer\u2019s disease (AD)\u201d, \u201cHuntington\u2019s disease (HD)\u201d, \u201cParkinson\u2019s disease (PD)\u201d or \u201camyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)\u201d. Eighty three percent (83%) of the studies were focused on AD, while another 12% focused on PD. No classifiable study was recorded on HD or ALS. EO from Salvia officinalis has been recorded as one of the most effective acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. However, only Cinnamomum sp. has been assessed for its effectiveness in both AD and PD. Our review provided useful evidence on EOs as potential neuroprotective remedies for age-related neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26041107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T20:54:08Z","timestamp":1613768048000},"page":"1107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Essential Oils as a Potential Neuroprotective Remedy for Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2380-8171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aswir","family":"Abd Rashed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13\/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6489-5072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad Zuhairi","family":"Abd Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13\/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6885-1712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devi Nair Gunasegavan","family":"Rathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13\/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Osbourn, A.E., and Lanzotti, V. (2009). Plant-Derived Natural Products: Synthesis, Function, and Application, Springer Science & Business Media.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-85498-4"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe78479","article-title":"An Elective Course in Aromatherapy Science","volume":"78","author":"Esposito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Pharm. Edu."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/089801019901700102","article-title":"The Science and Art of Aromatherapy","volume":"17","author":"Robins","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Holist. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith, C.A., Collins, C.T., and Crowther, C.A. (2011). Aromatherapy for pain management in labour. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009215"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8813","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules15128813","article-title":"Phenolic-compound-extraction systems for fruit and vegetable samples","volume":"15","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7799(02)00041-0","article-title":"Secondary plant metabolites in phytoremediation and biotransformation","volume":"21","author":"Singer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1573(200008)14:5<375::AID-PTR593>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"The ameliorating effects of the cognitive-enhancing Chinese herbs on scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats","volume":"14","author":"Hsieh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"34","article-title":"In vitro\u2014In vivo correlation of the antioxidant capacity of Salviae aetheroleum essential oil","volume":"63","author":"Cioanca","year":"2015","journal-title":"Farmacia"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0000000000000091","article-title":"Metabolomics of Human Brain Aging and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"73","author":"Ferrer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neuropath. Exp. Neur."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2012.11.014","article-title":"Mitochondrial defects and oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease","volume":"62","author":"Yan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666151112151653","article-title":"Oxidative stress and Parkinson\u2019s disease: New hopes in treatment with herbal antioxidants","volume":"22","author":"Sarrafchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5319","DOI":"10.2174\/092986712803833335","article-title":"Terpene compounds in nature: A review of their potential antioxidant activity","volume":"19","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Review of natural products on Parkinson\u2019s disease pathology","volume":"3","author":"Essa","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Aging Res. Clin. Pract"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karakaya, S., Koca, M., Y\u0131lmaz, S.V., Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, K., P\u0131nar, N.M., Demirci, B., Brestic, M., and Sytar, O. (2019). Molecular Docking Studies of Coumarins Isolated from Extracts and Essential Oils of Zosima absinthifolia Link as Potential Inhibitors for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24040722"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Aromatherapy for dementia","volume":"CD003150","author":"Forrester","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2017.02.010","article-title":"Protective effects of linalool against amyloid beta-induced cognitive deficits and damages in mice","volume":"174","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.10.001","article-title":"Coconut oil decreases expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and secretion of amyloid peptides through inhibition of ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1)","volume":"1704","author":"Bansal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"691","article-title":"Anti-cholinesterase potential of Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) T.Nees & Eberm. leaves","volume":"13","author":"Dalai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Tradit. Know."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2019.112069","article-title":"Anti-Alzheimer, anti-diabetic, skin-whitening, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum","volume":"145","author":"Ozaslan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2974","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2016.1263862","article-title":"Comparative study of the essential oil composition of Salvia urmiensis and its enzyme inhibitory activities linked to diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Bahadori","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cutillas, A.B., Carrasco, A., Martinez-Gutierrez, R., Tomas, V., and Tudela, J. (Chem. Biodivers., 2017). Salvia officinalis L. Essential Oils from Spain: Determination of Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, Antienzymatic, and Antimicrobial Bioactivities, Chem. Biodivers.","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.201700102"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-015-0145-8","article-title":"Comparative chemical profiling, cholinesterase inhibitions and anti-radicals properties of essential oils from Polygonum hydropiper L: A Preliminary anti- Alzheimer\u2019s study","volume":"14","author":"Ayaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5679408","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5679408","article-title":"Downy Lavender Oil: A Promising Source of Antimicrobial, Antiobesity, and Anti-Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Agents","volume":"2020","author":"Dudai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"201","article-title":"The Effect of Essential Oil of Lavandula Angustifolia on Amyloid Beta Polymerization: An In Vitro Study","volume":"37","author":"Soheili","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2012.03.010","article-title":"Inhibition of cholinesterase by essential oil from food plant","volume":"19","author":"Chaiyana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3329\/bjp.v10i1.21171","article-title":"In vitro acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory potentials of essential oil of Artemisia macrocephala","volume":"10","author":"Shoaib","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bangladesh J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"243","article-title":"Preparation and study of the inhibitory effect of nano-niosomes containing essential oil from artemisia absinthium on amyloid fibril formation","volume":"7","author":"Ansari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanomed. J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-011-0548-5","article-title":"Effects of zingerone [4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone] and eugenol [2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) phenol] on the pathological progress in the 6-hydroxydopamine-induced parkinson\u2019s disease mouse model","volume":"36","author":"Kabuto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association (2019). 2019 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement., 15, 321\u2013387.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.01.010"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2013.12.024","article-title":"Alzheimer disease: Epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, risk factors and biomarkers","volume":"88","author":"Reitz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferretti, C., Sarti, F.M., Nitrini, R., Ferreira, F.F., and Brucki, S.M.D. (2018). An assessment of direct and indirect costs of dementia in Brazil. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193209"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a006171","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a006171","article-title":"The neuropsychological profile of Alzheimer disease","volume":"2","author":"Weintraub","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2009.03.015","article-title":"Brain mitochondria as a primary target in the development of treatment strategies for Alzheimer disease","volume":"41","author":"Aliev","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.05.047","article-title":"Reactive glia not only associates with plaques but also parallels tangles in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"179","author":"Mielke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.09.010","article-title":"Novel celecoxib analogues inhibit glial production of prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide, and oxygen radicals reverting the neuroinflammatory responses induced by misfolded prion protein fragment 90\u2013231 or lipopolysaccharide","volume":"113","author":"Villa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a006262","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a006262","article-title":"Biochemistry of amyloid \u03b2-protein and amyloid deposits in Alzheimer disease","volume":"2","author":"Masters","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-014-1347-2","article-title":"The multifaceted nature of amyloid precursor protein and its proteolytic fragments: Friends and foes","volume":"129","author":"Nhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta. Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campora, M., Francesconi, V., Schenone, S., Tasso, B., and Tonelli, M. (2021). Journey on Naphthoquinone and Anthraquinone Derivatives: New Insights in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Pharmaceuticals, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14010033"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2017.15.1.1","article-title":"Mechanisms of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Pathogenesis and Prevention: The Brain, Neural Pathology, N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptors, Tau Protein and Other Risk Factors","volume":"15","author":"Kocahan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Psychopharmacol. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.2174\/138955712800493898","article-title":"From antioxidant chelators to site-activated multi-target chelators targeting hypoxia inducing factor, beta-amyloid, acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase A\/B","volume":"12","author":"Zheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8483","DOI":"10.1021\/jm300978h","article-title":"Multitarget-directed benzylideneindanone derivatives: Anti-\u03b2-amyloid (A\u03b2) aggregation, antioxidant, metal chelation, and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition properties against Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"55","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03033355","article-title":"Implications of co-morbidity for etiology and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases with multifunctional neuroprotective-neurorescue drugs; ladostigil","volume":"10","author":"Youdim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurotox. Res."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-100150","article-title":"Propargylamine containing compounds as modulators of proteolytic cleavage of amyloid-beta protein precursor: Involvement of MAPK and PKC activation","volume":"21","author":"Amit","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-4910fje","article-title":"A multifunctional, neuroprotective drug, ladostigil (TV3326), regulates holo-APP translation and processing","volume":"20","author":"Amit","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-211-45295-0_69","article-title":"Involvement of multiple survival signal transduction pathways in the neuroprotective, neurorescue and APP processing activity of rasagiline and its propargyl moiety","volume":"Volume 70","author":"Weinreb","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Related Disorders"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2014.2040","article-title":"Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: Promising therapeutic agents for Alzheimer\u2019s disease (Review)","volume":"9","author":"Cai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-019-00088-w","article-title":"Carvacrol Protects Against 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in In Vivo and In Vitro Models of Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"37","author":"Manouchehrabadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurotox Res."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07458.x","article-title":"Description of Parkinson\u2019s disease as a clinical syndrome","volume":"991","author":"Fahn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/35081564","article-title":"Alpha-synuclein and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"2","author":"Goedert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"55","article-title":"The pathology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"86","author":"Jellinger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6469","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.11.6469","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein in filamentous inclusions of Lewy bodies from Parkinson\u2019s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies","volume":"95","author":"Spillantini","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-5011-4","article-title":"Update on the pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"255","author":"Schulz","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(01)00003-X","article-title":"Molecular pathways involved in the neurotoxicity of 6-OHDA, dopamine and MPTP: Contribution to the apoptotic theory in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"65","author":"Blum","year":"2001","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3498","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308679101","article-title":"Venezuelan kindreds reveal that genetic and environmental factors modulate Huntington\u2019s disease age of onset","volume":"101","author":"Wexler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt.13.18","article-title":"Managing juvenile Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Quarrell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurodegener. Dis. Manag."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318249f683","article-title":"CAG repeat expansion in Huntington disease determines age at onset in a fully dominant fashion","volume":"78","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.03.017","article-title":"Late-onset Huntington\u2019s disease: Diagnostic and prognostic considerations","volume":"20","author":"Koutsis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. D."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"1","article-title":"Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)\/motor neuron disease (MND)","volume":"7","author":"Miller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00521","article-title":"Shortcomings in the current amyotrophic lateral sclerosis trials and potential solutions for improvement","volume":"8","author":"Katyal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-012-1022-4","article-title":"The genetics and neuropathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"124","author":"Jones","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta. Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2546","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu162","article-title":"Widespread grey matter pathology dominates the longitudinal cerebral MRI and clinical landscape of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"137","author":"Menke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.11.021","article-title":"Dysregulation of iron protein expression in the G93A model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"230","author":"Hadzhieva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"1","article-title":"Role of prostaglandins in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"2012","author":"Bastos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2016.08.028","article-title":"Ajuga chamaecistus subsp. scoparia (Boiss.) Rech.f.: A new source of phytochemicals for antidiabetic, skin-care, and neuroprotective uses","volume":"94","author":"Movahhedin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3989\/ajbm.2523","article-title":"Chemical and morphological characterization of Allium tuncelianum (Amaryllidaceae) and its antioxidant and anticholinesterase potentials","volume":"76","author":"Karakaya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Jard. Bot. Madr."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12424","article-title":"Pharmacological and neuroprotective profile of an essential oil derived from leaves of Aloysia citrodora Palau","volume":"67","author":"Abuhamdah","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2014.1001405","article-title":"Chemical composition and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Artemisia maderaspatana essential oil","volume":"53","author":"Jyotshna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2016.1226356","article-title":"Chemical composition and biological activities of extracts and essential oil of Boswellia dalzielii leaves","volume":"55","author":"Kohoude","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murata, K., Tanaka, K., Akiyama, R., Noro, I., Nishio, A., Nakagawa, S., Matsumura, S., and Matsuda, H. (2018). Anti-cholinesterase Activity of Crude Drugs Selected from the Ingredients of Incense Sticks and Heartwood of Chamaecyparis obtusa. Nat. Prod. Commun., 13.","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578X1801300704"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.12187","article-title":"Comparative Study of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Inhibition of Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Enzymes, and Antioxidant Potentials of Essential Oil from Peels and Seeds of Sweet Orange (Citrus Sinensis [L.] Osbeck) Fruits","volume":"40","author":"Ademosun","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2011.02511.x","article-title":"Comparative Study on the Antioxidant Capacity and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Citrus aurantifolia Swingle, C. aurantium L., and C. bergamia Risso and Poit. Peel Essential Oils","volume":"77","author":"Tundis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loizzo, M., Ben Jemia, M., Senatore, F., Bruno, M., Menichini, F., and Tundis, R. (2013). Chemistry and functional properties in prevention of neurodegenerative disorders of five Cistus species essential oils. Food Chem. Toxicol, 59.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.06.040"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2018.08.038","article-title":"Chemical profile and bioactive properties of the essential oil isolated from Clinopodium serpyllifolium (M.Bieb.) Kuntze growing in Palestine","volume":"124","author":"Jamous","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"147","article-title":"Chemical Composition and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Different Parts of Daucus aristidis Coss. Essential Oils from Two Locations in Algeria","volume":"11","author":"Lamamra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rec. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3082","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17033082","article-title":"Anti-acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activity of essential oils from Hedychium gardnerianum Sheppard ex Ker-Gawl","volume":"17","author":"Arruda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S972","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2017.1325901","article-title":"Chemical composition profile of the essential oil from Hymenocrater bituminous and its health functionality","volume":"20","author":"Bahadori","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2010.11.003","article-title":"Anticholinesterase activity of standardized extract of Illicium verum Hook. f. fruits","volume":"82","author":"Bhadra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1002\/ffj.3156","article-title":"A necrodane monoterpenoid from Lavandula luisieri essential oil as a cell-permeable inhibitor of BACE-1, the \u03b2-secretase in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Videira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Flavour Frag J."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.04.108","article-title":"Supercritical fluid extraction and hydrodistillation for the recovery of bioactive compounds from Lavandula viridis L\u2019H\u00e9r","volume":"135","author":"Costa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"3834265","article-title":"Biological Properties and Bioactive Components of Mentha spicata L. Essential Oil: Focus on Potential Benefits in the Treatment of Obesity, Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, Dermatophytosis, and Drug-Resistant Infections","volume":"2019","author":"Jamous","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evid-Based Complement. Altern Med."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"860","article-title":"Anticholinesterase Activity of Essential oil from Leaves of Neomitranthes obscura (DC.) N. Silveira","volume":"33","author":"Amaral","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lat. Am. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.25135\/rnp.62.16.05.040","article-title":"Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activities of the Essential oil of Origanum rotundifolium Boiss. from Turkey","volume":"11","author":"Ozek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rec. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kawamoto, H., Takeshita, F., and Murata, K. (2019). Inhibitory Effects of Essential Oil Extracts From Panax Plants Against \u03b2-Secretase, Cholinesterase, and Amyloid Aggregation. Nat. Prod. Commun., 14.","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578X19881549"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.3109\/14756360903389856","article-title":"Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Pinus species essential oils and their constituents","volume":"25","author":"Bonesi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Enzym Inhib. Med. Ch."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2018.12.003","article-title":"Phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and interaction mechanism of the major components of the Piper divaricatum essential oil obtained by supercritical CO2","volume":"145","author":"Bezerra","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Supercrit Fluid"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bahadori, M.B., Zengin, G., Bahadori, S., Maggi, F., and Dinparast, L. (2017). Chemical Composition of Essential Oil, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Anti-obesity, and Neuroprotective Properties of Prangos gaubae. Nat. Prod. Commun., 12.","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578X1701201233"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmad, S., Ullah, F., Sadiq, A., Ayaz, M., Imran, M., Ali, I., Zeb, A., Ullah, F., and Shah, M.R. (2016). Chemical composition, antioxidant and anticholinesterase potentials of essential oil of Rumex hastatus D. Don collected from the North West of Pakistan. BMC Complement. Altern. Med., 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-0998-z"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2018.07.010","article-title":"Salvia officinalis essential oil: Chemical analysis and evaluation of anti-enzymatic and antioxidant bioactivities","volume":"120","author":"Hassine","year":"2019","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.08.020","article-title":"Chemical composition of the essential oil and hexane extract of Salvia chionantha and their antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities","volume":"48","author":"Tel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol"},{"key":"ref_90","first-page":"175","article-title":"Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activities of the Essential Oil of Salvia chrysophylla Staph","volume":"6","author":"Duru","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rec. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2016.08.048","article-title":"Salvia nemorosa L.: A novel source of bioactive agents with functional connections","volume":"75","author":"Bahadori","year":"2017","journal-title":"LWT"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2016.1218893","article-title":"Functional components, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and antioxidant activities of Salvia syriaca L","volume":"20","author":"Bahadori","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.02.054","article-title":"Anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of Savoury (Satureja thymbra L.) with identified major terpenes of the essential oil","volume":"134","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2020.112089","article-title":"Essential oils of hedgenettles (Stachys inflata, S. lavandulifolia, and S. byzantina) have antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity potential: A comparative study","volume":"145","author":"Bahadori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_95","first-page":"42","article-title":"Antioxidant Potential and Inhibition of Key Enzymes Linked to Alzheimer\u2019s Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus by Monoterpene-Rich Essential Oil from Sideritis galatica Bornm. Endemic to Turkey","volume":"75","author":"Zengin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rec. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1080\/10412905.2016.1159257","article-title":"Chemical characterization and anticholinesterase effects of essential oils derived from Salvia species","volume":"28","author":"Temel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Essent Oil Res."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cutillas, A.B., Carrasco, A., Martinez-Gutierrez, R., Tomas, V., and Tudela, J. (2018). Thymus mastichina L. essential oils from Murcia (Spain): Composition and antioxidant, antienzymatic and antimicrobial bioactivities. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190790"},{"key":"ref_98","first-page":"503","article-title":"Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities of the Essential Oil of Thymus haussknechtii Velen","volume":"10","author":"Sevindik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rec. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2011.09.014","article-title":"Chemical profiling and biological screening of Thymus lotocephalus extracts obtained by supercritical fluid extraction and hydrodistillation","volume":"36","author":"Costa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_100","first-page":"249","article-title":"Enhancement of anti-cholinesterase activity of Zingiber cassumunar essential oil using a microemulsion technique","volume":"6","author":"Okonogi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1278598","article-title":"Antioxidant activity and cholinesterase inhibition studies of four flavouring herbs from Alentejo","volume":"31","author":"Arantes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2010.09.005","article-title":"Characterization of potent anticholinesterase plant oil based microemulsion","volume":"401","author":"Chaiyana","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caputo, L., Piccialli, I., Ciccone, R., de Caprariis, P., Massa, A., de Feo, V., and Pannaccione, A. (2020). Lavender and coriander essential oils and their main component linalool exert a protective effect against amyloid-\u03b2 neurotoxicity. Phytother. Res.","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6827"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.2011.01344.x","article-title":"Myrtenal inhibits acetylcholinesterase, a known Alzheimer target","volume":"63","author":"Kaufmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2016.08.012","article-title":"Protection against \u03b2-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity by naturally occurring Z-ligustilide through the concurrent regulation of p38 and PI3-K\/Akt pathways","volume":"100","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2018.1483741","article-title":"Memory Enhancing, Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Effects of Achillea biebersteinii (Asteraceae) Essential Oil on Scopolamine-Induced Rats","volume":"21","author":"Akbaba","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Essent Oil-Bear Plants"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v19i8.12","article-title":"Ameliorative effects of olibanum essential oil on learning and memory in A\u03b21-42-induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease mouse model","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2011.642886","article-title":"Inhaled essential oil from Chamaecyparis obtuse ameliorates the impairments of cognitive function induced by injection of \u03b2-amyloid in rats","volume":"50","author":"Bae","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8622","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103179","article-title":"Lemon essential oil ameliorates age-associated cognitive dysfunction via modulating hippocampal synaptic density and inhibiting acetylcholinesterase","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8082560","article-title":"(-)cis-Carveol, a Natural Compound, Improves \u03b2-Amyloid-Peptide 1-42-Induced Memory Impairment and Oxidative Stress in the Rat Hippocampus","volume":"2020","author":"Hritcu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-015-1662-6","article-title":"Antiamnesic and Antioxidants Effects of Ferulago angulata Essential Oil Against Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Laboratory Rats","volume":"40","author":"Hritcu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2012.02.002","article-title":"Effects of lavender oil inhalation on improving scopolamine-induced spatial memory impairment in laboratory rats","volume":"19","author":"Hritcu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-017-0173-3","article-title":"Ocimum basilicum improve chronic stress-induced neurodegenerative changes in mice hippocampus","volume":"33","author":"Ayuob","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"ref_114","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of Ocimum sanctum L. and Ocimum basilicum L. essential oils against amyloid beta (1\u201342)-induced anxiety and depression in laboratory rats","volume":"14","author":"Gradinariu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PhytoChem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6557","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-9693-9","article-title":"The Effects of Inhaled Pimpinella peregrina Essential Oil on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment, Anxiety, and Depression in Laboratory Rats","volume":"53","author":"Aydin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.108673","article-title":"Pinus halepensis essential oil attenuates the toxic Alzheimer\u2019s amyloid beta (1-42)-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus","volume":"112","author":"Postu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8855","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b03224","article-title":"Rose Essential Oil Delayed Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-Like Symptoms by SKN-1 Pathway in C. elegans","volume":"65","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/ffj.3435","article-title":"The effect of inhalation of essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis on scopolamine-induced Alzheimer\u2019s type dementia model mice","volume":"33","author":"Satou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Flavour Frag J."},{"key":"ref_119","first-page":"641","article-title":"Anti-Alzheimer\u2019s disease effect of essential oil from aerial parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5827","DOI":"10.1039\/C9FO00058E","article-title":"Essential oil of Schisandra chinensis ameliorates cognitive decline in mice by alleviating inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.02.012","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of SuHeXiang Wan in Drosophila models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"134","author":"Hong","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2018.10.032","article-title":"Tetraclinis articulata essential oil mitigates cognitive deficits and brain oxidative stress in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease amyloidosis model","volume":"56","author":"Sadiki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_123","first-page":"85","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effect of Zataria Multiflora Essential Oil on Rats With Alzheimer Disease: A Mechanistic Study","volume":"10","author":"Shomali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_124","first-page":"465","article-title":"Zataria multiflora could improve hippocampal tau protein and TNF(\u03b1) levels and cognitive behavior defects in a rat model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Avicenna J. Phytomed."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4517","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-019-04907-3","article-title":"Evaluation of urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine level in experimental Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Impact of carvacrol nanoparticles","volume":"46","author":"Medhat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-120865","article-title":"\u03b2-Asarone inhibits neuronal apoptosis via the CaMKII\/CREB\/Bcl-2 signaling pathway in an in vitro model and A\u03b2PP\/PS1 mice","volume":"33","author":"Wei","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cioanca, O., Hancianu, M., Mircea, C., Trifan, A., and Hritcu, L. (2016). Essential oils from Apiaceae as valuable resources in neurological disorders: Foeniculi vulgare aetheroleum. Ind. Crop. Prod., 88.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2016.02.064"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.08.030","article-title":"Protective effect of lavender oil on scopolamine induced cognitive deficits in mice and H2O2 induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells","volume":"193","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7426538","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7426538","article-title":"The Protective Effect of Lavender Essential Oil and Its Main Component Linalool against the Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-Galactose and Aluminum Trichloride in Mice","volume":"2017","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Evid-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1021\/np400903w","article-title":"Dose-dependent inhibition of BACE-1 by the monoterpenoid 2,3,4,4-tetramethyl-5-methylenecyclopent-2-enone in cellular and mouse models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"77","author":"Videira","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_131","first-page":"7856517","article-title":"Seasonal Variation in Essential Oils Composition and the Biological and Pharmaceutical Protective Effects of Mentha longifolia Leaves Grown in Tunisia","volume":"2018","author":"Trigui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X11009305","article-title":"SuHeXiang Wan essential oil alleviates amyloid beta induced memory impairment through inhibition of tau protein phosphorylation in mice","volume":"39","author":"Jeon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"key":"ref_133","first-page":"1357","article-title":"Antioxidant Activities and Reduced Amyloid-\u03b2 Toxicity of 7-Hydroxycalamenene Isolated from the Essential Oil of Zelkova serrata Heartwood","volume":"11","author":"Yen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"ref_134","first-page":"735","article-title":"The role of Zingiber officinale in the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: In-vitro and in-vivo evidences","volume":"6","author":"Fathy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res. J. Pharm. Biol. Chem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_135","first-page":"231","article-title":"An In Vitro and In Vivo Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Pistacia khinjuk and Allium sativum Essential Oils","volume":"22","author":"Ghajarbeygi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1404-42","article-title":"Molecular docking and ex vivo and in vitro anticholinesterase activity studies of Salvia sp. and highlighted rosmarinic acid","volume":"45","author":"Demirezer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Turk. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_137","first-page":"257","article-title":"Comparative study on the antioxidative activities, anticholinesterase properties and essential oil composition of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud and Ethiopian pepper (Xylopia aethiopica)","volume":"92","author":"Adefegha","year":"2016","journal-title":"La Rivista Italiana Delle Sostanze Grasse"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-020-05284-y","article-title":"Protective effects of Cinnamomum verum, Cinnamomum cassia and cinnamaldehyde against 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells","volume":"7","author":"Ramazani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2015.1102949","article-title":"The monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity of essential oils obtained from Eryngium species and their chemical composition","volume":"54","author":"Salton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_140","first-page":"6219249","article-title":"Essential Oils May Lead \u03b1-Synuclein towards Toxic Fibrils Formation","volume":"2016","author":"Morshedi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parkinsons Dis."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2336","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.13016","article-title":"Cuminaldehyde as the major component of Cuminum cyminum, a natural aldehyde with inhibitory effect on alpha-synuclein fibrillation and cytotoxicity","volume":"80","author":"Morshedi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-016-1922-0","article-title":"\u03b2-Asarone inhibits IRE1\/XBP1 endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in 6-OHDA-induced parkinsonian rats","volume":"41","author":"Ning","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-019-02757-w","article-title":"\u03b2-Asarone regulates ER stress and autophagy via inhibition of the PERK\/CHOP\/Bcl-2\/Beclin-1 Pathway in 6-OHDA-induced parkinsonian rats","volume":"44","author":"Ning","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.11.056","article-title":"Eplingiella fruticosa leaf essential oil complexed with \u03b2-cyclodextrin produces a superior neuroprotective and behavioral profile in a mice model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"124","author":"Bispo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_145","first-page":"e67391","article-title":"Evaluation of the Effects of Foeniculum vulgare Essence on Behavioral-Motor Disorders of Parkinson\u2019s Disease induced by Reserpine in Ovariectomized and Non Ovariectomized Rats","volume":"13","author":"Nemati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Jundishapur J. Nat. Pharm. Prod."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2020.04.032","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of Pulicaria undulata essential oil in rotenone model of parkinson\u2019s disease in rats: Insights into its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects","volume":"132","author":"Issa","year":"2020","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_147","first-page":"800","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of Suhexiang Wan on the in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2016.06.024","article-title":"Protective effect of two essential oils isolated from Rosa damascena Mill. and Lavandula angustifolia Mill, and two classic antioxidants against L-dopa oxidative toxicity induced in healthy mice","volume":"81","author":"Nikolova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2019.03.006","article-title":"Reducing oxidative toxicity of L-dopa in combination with two different antioxidants: An essential oil isolated from Rosa Damascena Mill., and vitamin C","volume":"6","author":"Nikolova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.05.055","article-title":"Metabolic profile and biological activities of Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica (Chaytor) Franco: Studies on the essential oil and polar extracts","volume":"141","author":"Costa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2009.12.001","article-title":"Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of geranium oil in microglial cells","volume":"2","author":"Elmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montalv\u00e1n, M., Pe\u00f1afiel, M.A., Ram\u00edrez, J., Cumbicus, N., Bec, N., Larroque, C., Bicchi, C., and Gilardoni, G. (2019). Chemical Composition, Enantiomeric Distribution, and Sensory Evaluation of the Essential Oils Distilled from the Ecuadorian Species Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo and Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae). Plants, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants8110511"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.10.075","article-title":"Anthriscus nemorosa essential oil inhalation prevents memory impairment, anxiety and depression in scopolamine-treated rats","volume":"84","author":"Bagci","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_154","first-page":"99","article-title":"Antibacterial activities of some plant extracts utilized in popular medicine in Palestine","volume":"28","author":"Bassam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Turk. J. Biol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.04.025","article-title":"Medicinal plants and antimicrobial activity","volume":"100","author":"Rios","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2008.09.020","article-title":"Comparison of extraction of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) essential oil with supercritical CO2 and by steam distillation","volume":"48","author":"Donelian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Supercrit. Fluids"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Shemy, H.A. (2020). Biological Importance of Essential Oils. Essential Oils-Oils of Nature, IntechOpen.","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.77673"},{"key":"ref_158","unstructured":"Natural Living Ideas (2020, December 12). The 10 Most Popular Essential Oils & 174 Magical Ways To Use Them. Available online: https:\/\/www.naturallivingideas.com\/most-popular-essential-oils\/."},{"key":"ref_159","first-page":"33","article-title":"Immune-modifying and antimicrobial effects of Eucalyptus oil and simple inhalation devices","volume":"15","author":"Sadlon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Altern. Med. Rev."},{"key":"ref_160","unstructured":"ESCOP (2020, December 12). Alchemillae Herba, The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products. Available online: www.escop.com."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1372609","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory properties of the monoterpene 1.8-cineole: Current evidence for co-medication in inflammatory airway diseases","volume":"64","author":"Juergens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Res."},{"key":"ref_162","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:2656. 1,8-cineole. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.2656.html."},{"key":"ref_163","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:6402. \u03b1-pinene. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.6402.html."},{"key":"ref_164","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:14198. \u03b2-pinene. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.14198.html."},{"key":"ref_165","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:28952. Zingerone. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.28952.html."},{"key":"ref_166","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:388386. Limonene. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.388386.html."},{"key":"ref_167","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:390582. Ferruginol. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.390582.html."},{"key":"ref_168","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:454172. Kaur-16-ene. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.454172.html."},{"key":"ref_169","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:4474888. Rosmarinic acid. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.4474888.html."},{"key":"ref_170","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:13849981. Linalool. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.13849981.html."},{"key":"ref_171","unstructured":"(2021, January 15). CSID:21105867. Carvacrol. Available online: http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.21105867.html."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012","DOI":"10.7324\/JAPS.2015.50203","article-title":"In-vitro Screening for acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition potential and antioxidant activity of extracts of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk: Therapeutic lead for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"Dhanasekaran","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_173","unstructured":"Silver, A. (The Biology of Cholinesterases, 1974). The Biology of Cholinesterases."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson, B., and Philip, W. (2005). Cholinesterase inhibition. Encyclopedia of Toxicology, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-12-369400-0\/00232-5"},{"key":"ref_175","unstructured":"Krieger, R.I., and Krieger, W.C. (2001). CHAPTER 48-Cholinesterases. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology, Academic Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2600625","article-title":"Comparison of butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase","volume":"260","author":"Chatonnet","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(95)00019-D","article-title":"Engineering of human cholinesterases explains and predicts diverse consequences of administration of various drugs and poisons","volume":"67","author":"Schwarz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pharm. Ther."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1053\/rvsc.2001.0465","article-title":"Determination of whole blood cholinesterase in different animal species using specific substrates","volume":"70","author":"Tecles","year":"2001","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-200010000-00006","article-title":"RBC cholinesterase inhibition: A useful surrogate marker for cholinesterase inhibitor activity in Alzheimer disease therapy?","volume":"14","author":"Sramek","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord"},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41141","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M210241200","article-title":"Crystal structure of human butyrylcholinesterase and of its complexes with substrate and products","volume":"278","author":"Nicolet","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14642","DOI":"10.1021\/bi971425+","article-title":"Differences in active site gorge dimensions of cholinesterases revealed by binding of inhibitors to human butyrylcholinesterase","volume":"36","author":"Saxena","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.108.129601","article-title":"Flexibility of aromatic residues in the active-site gorge of acetylcholinesterase: X-ray versus molecular dynamics","volume":"95","author":"Xu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7683","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.6b00356","article-title":"Discovery and Structure\u2013Activity Relationships of a Highly Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitor by Structure-Based Virtual Screening","volume":"59","author":"Dighe","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2020.127756","article-title":"Novel BuChE-IDO1 inhibitors from sertaconazole: Virtual screening, chemical optimization and molecular modeling studies","volume":"34","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2020.127609","article-title":"Rapid discovery of a selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor using structure-based virtual screening","volume":"30","author":"Miles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(61)90145-9","article-title":"A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity","volume":"7","author":"Ellman","year":"1961","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2008.06.007","article-title":"Improvement of acetylcholinesterase-based assay for organophosphates in way of identification by reactivators","volume":"77","author":"Pohanka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"ref_188","first-page":"219","article-title":"Studies on Tissue Cholinesterase in Domestic Animals II. Detection of Tissue Cholinesterase Isoenzymes","volume":"17","author":"Morizono","year":"1981","journal-title":"Mem. Fac. Agr. Kagoshima. Univ."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1080\/13547500500264660","article-title":"Do metals inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE)? Implementation of assay conditions for the use of AChE activity as a biomarker of metal toxicity","volume":"10","author":"Frasco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2007.07.023","article-title":"Limitation of the Ellman method: Cholinesterase activity measurement in the presence of oximes","volume":"370","author":"Bosak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marrs, T.C. (2001). Organophosphates: History, chemistry, pharmacology. Organophosphates and Health, Imperial College Press.","DOI":"10.1142\/9781848161443_0001"},{"key":"ref_192","first-page":"1564","article-title":"An electrometric method for the determination of red blood cell and plasma cholinesterase activity","volume":"34","author":"Michel","year":"1949","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.2.741","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Genes, proteins, and therapy","volume":"81","author":"Selkoe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1385\/MN:26:1:081","article-title":"Gamma-secretase: Substrates and inhibitors","volume":"26","author":"Rochette","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.1121","article-title":"Neurodegenerative tauopathies","volume":"24","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)81684-8","article-title":"The progression of \u03b2-amyloid deposition in the frontal cortex of the aged canine","volume":"774","author":"Satou","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1006\/nlme.1996.0039","article-title":"\u03b2-amyloid accumulation correlates with cognitive dysfunction in the aged canine","volume":"66","author":"Cummings","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.01.006","article-title":"Opportunities and challenges in developing relevant animal models for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Munoz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_199","unstructured":"Casadesus, G. (2011). Handbook of Animal Models in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, IOS Press. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt171","article-title":"Modeling Alzheimer\u2019s disease with non-transgenic rat models","volume":"5","author":"Lecanu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3106","DOI":"10.2174\/138161208786404227","article-title":"Biological and pharmacological activities of carvacrol and carvacrol bearing essential oils","volume":"14","author":"Baser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2063","article-title":"In vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone","volume":"21","author":"Jukic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2009.00788.x","article-title":"Anxiolytic-like effect of Carvacrol (5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol) in mice: Involvement with GABAergic transmission","volume":"24","author":"Melo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fundam. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2010.00850.x","article-title":"Antidepressant-like effect of carvacrol (5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol) in mice: Involvement of dopaminergic system","volume":"25","author":"Melo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fundam. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krishtal, J., Bragina, O., Metsla, K., Palumaa, P., and T\u00f5ugu, V. (2017). In situ fibrillizing amyloid-beta 1-42 induces neurite degeneration and apoptosis of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186636"},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.64010253.x","article-title":"Structure-activity analyses of \u03b2-amyloid peptides: Contributions of the \u03b225\u201335 region to aggregation and neurotoxicity","volume":"64","author":"Pike","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2009.09.005","article-title":"Subcellular and metabolic examination of amyloid-\u03b2 peptides in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis: Evidence for A\u03b225\u201335","volume":"221","author":"Kaminsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gabbouj, S., Ryh\u00e4nen, S., Marttinen, M., Wittrahm, R., Takalo, M., Kemppainen, S., Martiskainen, H., Tanila, H., Haapasalo, A., and Hiltunen, M. (2019). Altered Insulin Signaling in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Brain\u2014Special Emphasis on PI3K-Akt Pathway. Front. Neurosci., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00629"},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2020.112417","article-title":"Salt intervention for the diversities of essential oil composition, aroma and antioxidant activities of Kushui rose (R. setate\u00d7 R. rugosa)","volume":"150","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_210","unstructured":"Hsu, H., and Hsu, C. (1980). Commonly used Chinese herb formulas with illustrations, Oriental Healing Arts Institute. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/S1534-5807(03)00323-X","article-title":"JNK signaling confers tolerance to oxidative stress and extends lifespan in Drosophila","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.02.030","article-title":"JNK extends life span and limits growth by antagonizing cellular and organism-wide responses to insulin signaling","volume":"121","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_213","first-page":"3","article-title":"Investigation of Anticholinesterase Activity of a Series of Salvia Extracts and the Constituents of Salvia staminea","volume":"3","author":"Ufuk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. J."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1021\/jf960110i","article-title":"Two New Polymethoxylated Flavones, a Class of Compounds with Potential Anticancer Activity, Isolated from Cold Pressed Dancy Tangerine Peel Oil Solids","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.70.178","article-title":"Flavonoid Composition of Fruit Tissues of Citrus Species","volume":"70","author":"Nogata","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Avetisyan, A., Markosian, A., Petrosyan, M., Sahakyan, N., Babayan, A., Aloyan, S., and Trchounian, A. (2017). Chemical composition and some biological activities of the essential oils from basil Ocimum different cultivars. BMC Complement. Altern. Med., 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1587-5"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2010.02.022","article-title":"The antinociceptive effect of (-)-linalool in models of chronic inflammatory and neuropathic hypersensitivity in mice","volume":"11","author":"Batista","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00973103","article-title":"Effects of Linalool on glutamatergic system in the rat cerebral cortex","volume":"20","author":"Elisabetsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(03)00015-2","article-title":"Fragrance material review on linalool","volume":"41","author":"Letizia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2008.11.015","article-title":"Protective effect of linalool, myrcene and eucalyptol against t-butyl hydroperoxide induced genotoxicity in bacteria and cultured human cells","volume":"47","author":"Zegura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.11.002","article-title":"Linalool reverses neuropathological and behavioral impairments in old triple transgenic Alzheimer\u2019s mice","volume":"102","author":"Osorio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S2006","article-title":"Current approaches to the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"4","author":"Jankovic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsych. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/642942","article-title":"Cinnamon: A multifaceted medicinal plant","volume":"2014","author":"Rao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5917","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803336","article-title":"Sodium benzoate, a metabolite of cinnamon and a food additive, reduces microglial and astroglial inflammatory responses","volume":"183","author":"Brahmachari","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_225","first-page":"1258","article-title":"Cinnamon effects on metabolic syndrome: A review based on its mechanisms","volume":"19","author":"Mollazadeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iran. J. Basic Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v13i10.18","article-title":"Insecticidal activity of essential oil of Cinnamomum cassia and its main constituent, trans-cinnamaldehyde, against the booklice, Liposcelis bostrychophila","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trop. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7729","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7095359","article-title":"Antibacterial effects of cinnamon: From farm to food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries","volume":"7","author":"Nabavi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S287","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706464","article-title":"Monoamine oxidase: Isoforms and inhibitors in Parkinson\u2019s disease and depressive illness","volume":"147","author":"Youdim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1883","article-title":"The therapeutic potential of monoamine oxidase inhibitors","volume":"7","author":"Youdim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e318180f0bd","article-title":"Pathologic modifications of \u03b1-synuclein in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated squirrel monkeys","volume":"67","author":"McCormack","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neuropath Exp. Neur."},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1080\/073911012010525023","article-title":"Peculiarities of copper binding to \u03b1-synuclein","volume":"29","author":"Ahmad","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19627","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR05663B","article-title":"Strong interactions with polyethylenimine-coated human serum albumin nanoparticles (PEI-HSA NPs) alter \u03b1-synuclein conformation and aggregation kinetics","volume":"7","author":"Shojaosadati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-012-8333-2","article-title":"Agrochemicals, \u03b1-synuclein, and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"47","author":"Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2004.06.056","article-title":"ER stress and the unfolded protein response","volume":"569","author":"Kaufman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mutat Res.\/Fund Mol. M."},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10690","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10690.2002","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response in cellular models of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Ryu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.01.043","article-title":"Activation of the unfolded protein response in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"354","author":"Hoozemans","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-5-56","article-title":"ER stress response plays an important role in aggregation of \u03b1-synuclein","volume":"5","author":"Jiang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a013169","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a013169","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress sensing in the unfolded protein response","volume":"5","author":"Gardner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"ref_239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0410-396","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress and atherosclerosis","volume":"16","author":"Hotamisligil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.02.034","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the inflammatory basis of metabolic disease","volume":"140","author":"Hotamisligil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2359","article-title":"The endoplasmic reticulum stress response in immunity and autoimmunity","volume":"8","author":"Todd","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2015.01.002","article-title":"UPR, autophagy, and mitochondria crosstalk underlies the ER stress response","volume":"40","author":"Senft","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30299","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M607007200","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers autophagy","volume":"281","author":"Yorimitsu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2008.06.001","article-title":"JNK1-mediated phosphorylation of Bcl-2 regulates starvation-induced autophagy","volume":"30","author":"Wei","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-005-2606-3","article-title":"Zingerone [4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone] prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced dopamine depression in mouse striatum and increases superoxide scavenging activity in serum","volume":"30","author":"Kabuto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.30.423","article-title":"Eugenol [2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) phenol] prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced dopamine depression and lipid peroxidation inductivity in mouse striatum","volume":"30","author":"Kabuto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.05.009","article-title":"Anti-hyperalgesic effect of Lippia grata leaf essential oil complexed with \u03b2-cyclodextrin in a chronic musculoskeletal pain animal model: Complemented with a molecular docking and antioxidant screening","volume":"91","author":"Brito","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1080\/13543776.2017.1349105","article-title":"New drugs or alternative therapy to blurring the symptoms of fibromyalgia\u2014a patent review","volume":"27","author":"Oliveira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pat."},{"key":"ref_249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.06.037","article-title":"D-limonene exhibits superior antihyperalgesic effects in a \u03b2-cyclodextrin-complexed form in chronic musculoskeletal pain reducing Fos protein expression on spinal cord in mice","volume":"358","author":"Pereira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2096","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612823666170126121926","article-title":"Cyclodextrins as complexation agents to improve the anti-inflammatory drugs profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Santos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2015.1046835","article-title":"Enhanced analgesic activity by cyclodextrins\u2013a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Brito","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Del."},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2010005000034","article-title":"Preliminary study on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the leave extract of Hyptis fruticosa Salzm. ex Benth., Lamiaceae","volume":"20","author":"Andrade","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Farm."},{"key":"ref_253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.12.031","article-title":"Orofacial antinociceptive effect and antioxidant properties of the hydroethanol extract of Hyptis fruticosa salmz ex Benth","volume":"146","author":"Melo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.02.004","article-title":"Different effects of 7-nitroindazole in reserpine-induced hypolocomotion in two strains of mice","volume":"535","author":"Tadaiesky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2010.07.003","article-title":"Running exercise effects on spatial and avoidance tasks in ovariectomized rats","volume":"94","author":"Ben","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2012.11.004","article-title":"Long-term estrogen deprivation leads to elevation of Dickkopf-1 and dysregulation of Wnt\/\u03b2-Catenin signaling in hippocampal CA1 neurons","volume":"78","author":"Scott","year":"2013","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.02.022","article-title":"Postmenopausal effects of intrastriatal estrogen on catalepsy and pallidal electroencephalogram in an animal model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"154","author":"Sarkaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)00372-7","article-title":"Comparison of fennel and mefenamic acid for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea","volume":"80","author":"Tartifizadeh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynaecol. Obs."},{"key":"ref_259","first-page":"423","article-title":"Comparison of the effectiveness of fennel and mefenamic acid on pain intensity in dysmenorrhoea","volume":"12","author":"Asadipour","year":"2006","journal-title":"East. Mediterr. Health J."},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1038\/81834","article-title":"Chronic systemic pesticide exposure reproduces features of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Betarbet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.0752611.x","article-title":"In vivo labeling of mitochondrial complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) in rat brain using [(3)H]dihydrorotenone","volume":"75","author":"Talpade","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.04333.x","article-title":"Mechanism of toxicity of pesticides acting at complex I: Relevance to environmental etiologies of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"100","author":"Sherer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.200900014","article-title":"Phytochemicals and biological activities of Pulicaria species","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Biodivers."},{"key":"ref_264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.4196\/kjpp.2013.17.1.89","article-title":"Differential Effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine on Motor Behavior and Dopamine Levels at Brain Regions in Three Different Mouse Strains","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Korean J. Physiol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_265","unstructured":"Worwood, V.A. (2000). Aromatherapy for the Healthy Child.: More Than 300 Natural, Nontoxic, and Fragrant Essential Oil Blends, New World Library. [3rd ed.]."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/26\/4\/1107\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:26:25Z","timestamp":1760160385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/26\/4\/1107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"references-count":265,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules26041107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules26041107","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]}}}