{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T08:33:09Z","timestamp":1785227589917,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, for the first time, Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography\u2013Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC\u2013MS\/MS) method was developed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of veterinary antibiotics (cephalosporins, diaminopyrimidines, fluoro(quinolones), lincosamides, macrolides, penicillins, pleuromutilins, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and sulfones) in hen eggshells. The sample preparation method is based on a liquid\u2013liquid extraction with a mixture of metaphosphoric acid, ascorbic acid, EDTA disodium salt dihydrate, and acetonitrile. The chromatographic separation was performed on Luna\u00ae Omega Polar C18 10 column in gradient elution mode and quantitated in an 8 min run. Validation such as linearity, selectivity, precision, recovery, matrix effect, limit of quantification (LOQ), and limit of detection (LOD) was found to be within the acceptance criteria of the validation guidelines of the Commission Decision 2002\/657\/EC and EUR 28099 EN. Average recoveries ranged from 81\u2013120%. The calculated LOQ values ranged from 1 to 10 \u00b5g\/kg, the LOD values ranged from 0.3 to 4.0 \u00b5g\/kg, depending on analyte. The developed method has been successfully applied to the determination of antibacterial compounds in hen eggshell samples obtained from different sources. The results revealed that enrofloxacin, lincomycin, doxycycline, and oxytetracycline were detected in hen eggshell samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26051373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T21:58:07Z","timestamp":1614895087000},"page":"1373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Multi-Class Procedure for Analysis of 50 Antibacterial Compounds in Eggshells Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography\u2013Tandem Mass Spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7463-5792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Gbylik-Sikorska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), al. Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Gajda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), al. Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewelina","family":"Nowacka-Kozak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), al. Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1569-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"\u0141ebkowska-Wieruszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Protection, University of Life Sciences, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Posyniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), al. Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crpv.2004.08.002","article-title":"Avian eggshell mineralization: Biochemical and functional characterization of matrix proteins","volume":"3","author":"Nys","year":"2004","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus Palevol"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.17221\/46\/2015-CJAS","article-title":"Eggshell structure, measurements, and quality-affecting factors in laying hens: A review","volume":"61","author":"Ketta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Czech J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2011.908.912","article-title":"A Review of the uses of poultry eggshells and shell membranes","volume":"10","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. 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