{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T18:38:12Z","timestamp":1773081492618,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dementia is one of the most disabling non-motor symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). Unlike in Alzheimer\u2019s disease, the vascular pathology in PD is less documented. Due to the uncertain role of commonly investigated metabolic or vascular factors, e.g., hypertension or diabetes, other factors corresponding to PD dementia have been proposed. Associated dysautonomia and dopaminergic treatment seem to have an impact on diurnal blood pressure (BP) variability, which may presumably contribute to white matter hyperintensities (WMH) development and cognitive decline. We aim to review possible vascular and metabolic factors: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), as well as the dopaminergic treatment, in the etiopathogenesis of PD dementia. Additionally, we focus on the role of polymorphisms within the genes for catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), apolipoprotein E (APOE), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system components, and their contribution to cognitive decline in PD. Determining vascular risk factors and their contribution to the cognitive impairment in PD may result in screening, as well as preventive measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26061523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T20:51:42Z","timestamp":1615409502000},"page":"1523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Arterial Blood Pressure Variability and Other Vascular Factors Contribution to the Cognitive Decline in Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1606-7918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Pierzchli\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University, Aleja Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Kwa\u015bniak-Butowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Aleja Jana Paw\u0142a II 50, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, St Adalbert Hospital, Aleja Jana Paw\u0142a II 50, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"S\u0142awek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Aleja Jana Paw\u0142a II 50, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, St Adalbert Hospital, Aleja Jana Paw\u0142a II 50, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6191-7168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Dro\u017adzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Aleja Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Bia\u0142ecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University, Aleja Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2008.01869.x","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia","volume":"62","author":"Poewe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. 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