{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T03:21:40Z","timestamp":1785295300092,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]],"date-time":"2021-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["777926"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["777926"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine","award":["0119U100770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0119U100770"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine","award":["0121U100471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0121U100471"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The biodegradable metals, including magnesium (Mg), are a convenient alternative to permanent metals but fast uncontrolled corrosion limited wide clinical application. Formation of a barrier coating on Mg alloys could be a successful strategy for the production of a stable external layer that prevents fast corrosion. Our research was aimed to develop an Mg stable oxide coating using plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in silicate-based solutions. 99.9% pure Mg alloy was anodized in electrolytes contained mixtures of sodium silicate and sodium fluoride, calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), contact angle (CA), Photoluminescence analysis and immersion tests were performed to assess structural and long-term corrosion properties of the new coating. Biocompatibility and antibacterial potential of the new coating were evaluated using U2OS cell culture and the gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, strain B 918). PEO provided the formation of a porous oxide layer with relatively high roughness. It was shown that Ca(OH)2 was a crucial compound for oxidation and surface modification of Mg implants, treated with the PEO method. The addition of Ca2+ ions resulted in more intense oxidation of the Mg surface and growth of the oxide layer with a higher active surface area. Cell culture experiments demonstrated appropriate cell adhesion to all investigated coatings with a significantly better proliferation rate for the samples treated in Ca(OH)2-containing electrolyte. In contrast, NaOH-based electrolyte provided more relevant antibacterial effects but did not support cell proliferation. In conclusion, it should be noted that PEO of Mg alloy in silicate baths containing Ca(OH)2 provided the formation of stable biocompatible oxide coatings that could be used in the development of commercial degradable implants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26072094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]],"date-time":"2021-04-06T10:34:12Z","timestamp":1617705252000},"page":"2094","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Bioactivity Performance of Pure Mg after Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation in Silicate-Based Solutions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-3717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yevheniia","family":"Husak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Michalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2439-3243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleksandr","family":"Oleshko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5144-2138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktoriia","family":"Korniienko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karlis","family":"Grundsteins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bohdan","family":"Dryhval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahin","family":"Altundal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleg","family":"Mishchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NanoPrime, 39-200 D\u0119bica, Poland"},{"name":"Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, 26 Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Viter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9372-7791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maksym","family":"Pogorielov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine"},{"name":"NanoPrime, 39-200 D\u0119bica, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2648-5523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Simka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2019.103574","article-title":"Mechanical Aspects of Dental Implants and Osseointegration: A Narrative Review","volume":"103","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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