{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T15:24:28Z","timestamp":1781882668539,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is derived from defatted rice bran hydrolyzed with Lentinus edodes mycelial enzyme. It has been marketed as a functional food and a nutraceutical with health-promoting properties. Some research has demonstrated this rice bran derivative to be a potent immunomodulator, which also possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-angiogenic properties. To date, research on RBAC has predominantly focused on its immunomodulatory action and application as a complementary therapy for cancer. Nonetheless, the clinical applications of RBAC can extend beyond cancer therapy. This article is a narrative review of the research on the potential benefits of RBAC for cancer and other health conditions based on the available literature. RBAC research has shown it to be useful as a complementary treatment for cancer and human immunodeficiency virus infection. It can positively modulate serum glucose, lipid and protein metabolism in diabetic patients. Additionally, RBAC has been shown to ameliorate irritable bowel syndrome and protect against liver injury caused by hepatitis or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. It can potentially ease symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome and prevent the common cold. RBAC is safe to consume and has no known side effects at the typical dosage of 2\u20133 g\/day. Nevertheless, further research in both basic studies and human clinical trials are required to investigate the clinical applications, mechanisms, and effects of RBAC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26092539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T06:19:11Z","timestamp":1619504351000},"page":"2539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["The Health-Promoting Properties and Clinical Applications of Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Modified with Shiitake Mushroom Enzyme\u2014A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0534-3673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo Liang","family":"Ooi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8510-5781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sok Cheon","family":"Pak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7238-3878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter S.","family":"Micalos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Schupfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9897-5209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Lockley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi Houn","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EROM R&amp;D Center, EROM Co., Ltd., Chuncheon-si 24427, Gangwon-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Joo","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EROM R&amp;D Center, EROM Co., Ltd., Chuncheon-si 24427, Gangwon-do, Korea"},{"name":"Love Care Clinic, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13524, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1039\/C6FO01763K","article-title":"Rice bran constituents: Immunomodulatory and therapeutic activities","volume":"8","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s13399-020-00846-3","article-title":"A short review of green extraction technologies for rice bran oil","volume":"11","author":"Tommasi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomass Convers. Biorefin."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.3945\/an.112.002303","article-title":"Chemopreventive properties of dietary rice bran: Current status and future prospects","volume":"3","author":"Henderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2011.608586","article-title":"Rice bran: A novel functional ingredient","volume":"54","author":"Sharif","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-011-0262-y","article-title":"Physico-chemical characteristics of defatted rice bran and its utilization in a bakery product","volume":"48","author":"Sairam","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1108\/NFS-06-2017-0111","article-title":"Arabinoxylans from rice bran and wheat immunomodulatory potentials: A review article","volume":"48","author":"Fadel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"22","article-title":"Ferulated Arabinoxylans and Their Gels: Functional Properties and Potential Application as Antioxidant and Anticancer Agent","volume":"2018","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"42","article-title":"Development of immunostimulation materials from rice bran","volume":"10","author":"Hong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Ind. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"658","article-title":"Macrophage stimulating activity of exo-biopolymer from submerged culture of Lentinus edodes with rice bran","volume":"14","author":"Yu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"BioBran Research Foundation (2013). The summary of Biobran\/MGM-3. BioBran\/MGN-3 (Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound): Basic and Clinical Application to Integrative Medicine, BioBran Research Foundation. [2nd ed.]. Chapter I-1."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2006.116","article-title":"A Polysaccharide Extracted from Rice Bran Fermented with Lentinus edodes Enhances Natural Killer Cell Activity and Exhibits Anticancer Effects","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Food"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"183","article-title":"Enhancement of immunological activity in exo-biopolymer from submerged culture of Lentinus edodes with rice bran","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Singh, R.S., Singhania, R.R., Pandey, A., and Larroche, C. (2019). Recombinant enzymes in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Biomass, Biofuels, Biochem, Elsevier. Chapter 13."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Watson, R.R., Preedy, V.R., and Zibadi, S. (2014). Apoptosis and arabinoxylan rice bran. Wheat and Rice in Disease Prevention and Health, Elsevier. Chapter 31."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Miura, T., Chiba, M., Miyazaki, Y., Kato, Y., and Maeda, H. (2013). Chemical structure of the component involved in immunoregulation. BioBran\/MGN-3 (Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Coumpound): Basic and Clinical Application to Integrative Medicine, BioBran Research Foundation. [2nd ed.]. Chapter I-3."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1006","article-title":"From bench to bedside: The growing use of arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran) in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"1","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Austin Immunol."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Klatz, R.M., and Goldman, R. (1999). NK Immunorestoration and cancer patients by BioBran\/MGN-3, a modified aracbynoxylan rice bran (Study of 32 patients followed for up to 4 years). Anti-Aging Medical Therapeutics Vol III, Health Quest Publications. Chapter 30."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357044922","article-title":"Enhancement of natural killer cell activity of aged mice by modified arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran)","volume":"56","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2014.11.001","article-title":"Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran) enhances natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma in vitro and in vivo","volume":"17","author":"Zerbes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/01635580701627285","article-title":"In vivo tumor inhibitory effects of nutritional rice bran supplement MGN-3\/Biobran on ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice","volume":"60","author":"Noaman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Badr El-Din, N.K., Abdel Fattah, S.M., Pan, D., Tolentino, L., and Ghoneum, M. (2016). Chemopreventive activity of MGN-3\/Biobran against chemical induction of glandular stomach carcinogenesis in rats and its apoptotic effect in gastric cancer cells. Integr. Cancer Ther.","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735416642287"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/19390210802329196","article-title":"Impact of ingestion of rice bran and shitake mushroom extract on lymphocyte function and cytokine production in healthy rats","volume":"5","author":"Giese","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Diet. Suppl."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"89","article-title":"Enhancement of human natural killer cell activity by modified arabinoxylane from rice bran (MGN-3)","volume":"14","author":"Ghoneum","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunother."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"314","article-title":"Production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma from human peripheral blood lymphocytes by MGN-3, a modified arabinoxylan from rice bran, and its synergy with interleukin-2 in vitro","volume":"24","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Detect. Prev."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.31989\/ffhd.v2i7.84","article-title":"An open-label, randomized clinical trial to assess the immunomodulatory activity of a novel oligosaccharide compound in healthy adults","volume":"2","author":"Ali","year":"2012","journal-title":"Funct. Foods Health Dis."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"2313","article-title":"Biobran\/MGN-3, an arabinoxylan rice bran, enhances NK cell activity in geriatric subjects: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"15","author":"Elsaid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"295","article-title":"Effect of long-term administration of immunomodulatory food on cancer patients completing conventional treatments","volume":"14","author":"Tsunekawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"S117","article-title":"The effect of MGN-3 arabinoxylan on natural killer and dendritic cells in multiple myeloma patients","volume":"96","author":"Cholujova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-012-1344-z","article-title":"MGN-3 arabinoxylan rice bran modulates innate immunity in multiple myeloma patients","volume":"62","author":"Cholujova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1177\/039463200401700308","article-title":"Augmentation of macrophage phagocytosis by modified arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran)","volume":"17","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3746\/jkfn.2004.33.2.278","article-title":"Effect of arabinoxylane and PSP on activation of immune cells","volume":"33","author":"Chae","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1177\/039463200802100110","article-title":"Modified arabinoxylan rice bran (Mgn-3\/Biobran) enhances intracellular killing of microbes by human phagocytic cells in vitro","volume":"21","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1177\/039463201102400412","article-title":"Activation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells in vitro by the biological response modifier arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran)","volume":"24","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.4149\/neo_2009_02_89","article-title":"BioBran-augmented maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells","volume":"56","author":"Cholujova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neoplasma"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1177\/039463201402700408","article-title":"MGN-3\/Biobran enhances generation of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells via upregulation of DEC-205 expression on dendritic cells","volume":"27","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"1011","article-title":"Modulation of the anticancer immunity by natural agents: Inhibition of T regulatory lymphocyte generation by arabinoxylan in patients with locally limited or metastatic solid tumors","volume":"6","author":"Lissoni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0773.2003.920608.x","article-title":"Modified rice bran beneficial for weight loss of mice as a major and acute adverse effect of cisplatin","volume":"92","author":"Endo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-13-35","article-title":"Dietary supplementation with rice bran fermented with Lentinus edodes increases interferon-\u03b3 activity without causing adverse effects: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study","volume":"13","author":"Choi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr. J."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00316","article-title":"Inflammation-nature\u2019s way to efficiently respond to all types of challenges: Implications for understanding and managing \u201cthe epidemic\u201d of chronic diseases","volume":"5","author":"Bennett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"459","article-title":"Experience with administration of BioBran in patients with chronic rheumatism","volume":"14","author":"Ichihashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8845064","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8845064","article-title":"Protective effect of Biobran\/MGN-3 against sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease mouse model: Possible role of oxidative stress and apoptotic pathways","volume":"2021","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735416635742","article-title":"Addition of rice bran arabinoxylan to curcumin therapy may be of benefit to patients with early-stage B-cell lymphoid malignancies (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, smoldering multiple myeloma, or stage 0\/1 chronic lymphocytic leukemia)","volume":"15","author":"Golombick","year":"2016","journal-title":"Integr. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828137","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/828137","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of biobran, modified arabinoxylan rice bran, in improving symptoms of diarrhea predominant or mixed type irritable bowel syndrome: A pilot, randomized controlled study","volume":"2014","author":"Kamiya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"493","article-title":"Scavenging activity of MGN-3 (arabinoxylane from rice bran) with natural killer cell activity on free radicals","volume":"14","author":"Tazawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biotherapy"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2008.04.012","article-title":"Antioxidant potential by arabinoxylan rice bran, MGN-3\/biobran, represents a mechanism for its oncostatic effect against murine solid Ehrlich carcinoma","volume":"268","author":"Noaman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrs119","article-title":"Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran) provides protection against whole-body \u03b3-irradiation in mice via restoration of hematopoietic tissues","volume":"54","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5635","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cell injury induced by ionizing radiation","volume":"20","author":"Shao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"11","article-title":"The immunomodulating effects of arabinoxylan rice bran (Lentin) on hematologic profile, nutritional status and quality of life among head and neck carcinoma patients undergoing radiation therapy: A double blind randomized control trial","volume":"12","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiol. J. Off. Publ. Philipp. Coll. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.12938\/bmfh.16-016","article-title":"Modified rice bran hemicellulose inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis in vitro via VEGFR2 and its downstream signaling pathways","volume":"36","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biosci. Microbiota Food Health"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2147\/vhrm.2006.2.2.97","article-title":"Clinical implications of angiogenesis in cancers","volume":"2","author":"Pang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vasc. Health Risk Manag."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"859","article-title":"Modified arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran) enhances yeast-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells in vitro","volume":"25","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"4187","article-title":"Synergistic role of arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran) in S. cerevisiae-induced apoptosis of monolayer breast cancer MCF-7 cells","volume":"25","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.4149\/neo_2011_02_118","article-title":"Synergistic apoptotic effect of arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran) and curcumin (turmeric) on human multiple myeloma cell line U266 in vitro","volume":"58","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neoplasma"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1300\/J133v03n04_02","article-title":"The effect of MGN-3 on cisplatin and doxorubicin induced toxicity in the rat","volume":"3","author":"Jacoby","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Nutraceuticals Funct. Med. Foods"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdp.2008.02.006","article-title":"MGN-3\/Biobran, modified arabinoxylan from rice bran, sensitizes human breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agent, daunorubicin","volume":"32","author":"Gollapudi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Detect. Prev."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"81","article-title":"Modified arabinoxylan from rice bran, MGN-3\/Biobran, sensitizes metastatic breast cancer cells to paclitaxel in vitro","volume":"34","author":"Ghoneum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2016.1192204","article-title":"Enhancing the apoptotic effect of a low dose of paclitaxel on tumor cells in mice by arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran)","volume":"68","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrz055","article-title":"Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3\/Biobran) enhances radiotherapy in animals bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma","volume":"60","author":"Areida","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735417735379","article-title":"Evidence-based review of BioBran\/MGN-3 arabinoxylan compound as a complementary therapy for conventional cancer treatment","volume":"17","author":"Ooi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Integr. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"289","article-title":"The clinical significance of modified arabinoxylan from rice bran (BioBran\/MGN-3) in immunotherapy for cancer","volume":"14","author":"Okamura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"46","article-title":"A case of stage IV hepatocellular carcinoma treated by KM900, Biobran, and psychotherapy has presented significant good results","volume":"1","author":"Meshitsuka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pers. Med. Univ. (Jpn. Ed.)"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.15761\/CCRR.1000176","article-title":"Can a synergistic activation of pattern recognition receptors by plant immunomodulators enhance the effect of oncologic therapy? Case Report of a patient with uterus and ovary sarcoma","volume":"1","author":"Hajto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Case Rep. Rev."},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"2","article-title":"Improvement of quality of life in tumor patients after an immunomodulatory treatment with standardized mistletoe lectin and arabinoxylan plant extracts","volume":"3","author":"Horvath","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurorehabilit."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/00042728-200601000-00031","article-title":"Metastatic hemangiopericytoma of the skin treated with wide local excision and MGN-3","volume":"32","author":"Markus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dermatol. Surg."},{"key":"ref_65","unstructured":"Hajto, T., and Kirsch, A. (2013). Case reports of cancer patients with hepatic metastases treated by standardized plant immunomodulatory preparations. J. Can. Res. Updat., 1\u20139."},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"281","article-title":"One case of a patient with umbilical metastasis of recurrent cancer (Sister Mary Joseph\u2019s Nodule, SMJN) who has survived for a long time under immunomodulatory supplement therapy","volume":"14","author":"Kawai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"273","article-title":"A case where an immunomodulatory food was effective in conservative therapy for progressive terminal pancreatic cancer","volume":"14","author":"Kaketani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"5145","article-title":"Arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3) enhances the effects of interventional therapies for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A three-year randomized clinical trial","volume":"30","author":"Bang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"13","article-title":"\u201cBIOBRAN MGN-3\u201d; Effect of reducing side effects of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients","volume":"20","author":"Masood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prof. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Itoh, Y., Mizuno, M., Ikeda, M., Nakahara, R., Kubota, S., Ito, J., Okada, T., Kawamura, M., Kikkawa, F., and Naganawa, S. (2015). A randomized, double-blind pilot trial of hydrolyzed rice bran versus placebo for radioprotective effect on acute gastroenteritis secondary to chemoradiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer. Evid. Based. Complement. Alternat. Med., 974390.","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/974390"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujim.2016.10.004","article-title":"Controlled pilot study for cancer patients suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome due to chemotherapy treated with BioBran (MGN-3-Arabinoxylane) and targeted radiofrequency heat therapy","volume":"8","author":"Petrovics","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2020.100580","article-title":"Rice bran arabinoxylan compound and quality of life of cancer patients (RBAC-QoL): Study protocol for a randomized pilot feasibility trial","volume":"19","author":"Ooi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contemp. Clin. Trials Commun."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.8047","article-title":"Anti-HIV activity in vitro of MGN-3, an activated arabinoxylane from rice bran","volume":"243","author":"Ghoneum","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6590","DOI":"10.3390\/v7122959","article-title":"HIV-1-Induced Small T Cell Syncytia Can Transfer Virus Particles to Target Cells through Transient Contacts","volume":"7","author":"Symeonides","year":"2015","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1080\/19390211.2019.1619010","article-title":"The Novel Effects of a Hydrolyzed Polysaccharide Dietary Supplement on Immune, Hepatic, and Renal Function in Adults with HIV in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Control Trial","volume":"17","author":"Lewis","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Diet. Suppl."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4570","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004570","article-title":"Elevated CD8 T-cell counts and virological failure in HIV-infected patients after combination antiretroviral therapy","volume":"95","author":"Ku","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"A26","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of arabinoxylan rice bran supplementation in participants with treated, suppressed HIV infection and inadequate immune reconstitution: A randomized, doubleblind trial","volume":"25","author":"Cadden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antivir. Ther."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.552210138","article-title":"Oral administration of hydrolyzed rice bran prevents the common cold syndrome in the elderly based on its immunomodulatory action","volume":"21","author":"Maeda","year":"2004","journal-title":"BioFactors"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.110968","article-title":"Suppressive effect of modified arabinoxylan from rice bran (MGN-3) on D-galactosamine-induced IL-18 expression and hepatitis in rats","volume":"76","author":"Zheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2012.10.012","article-title":"Protective effect of low molecular fraction of MGN-3, a modified arabinoxylan from rice bran, on acute liver injury by inhibition of NF-\u03baB and JNK\/MAPK expression","volume":"14","author":"Zheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1177\/0394632016674954","article-title":"Arabinoxylan rice bran (Biobran) suppresses the viremia level in patients with chronic HCV infection: A randomized trial","volume":"29","author":"Salama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751583","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1751583","article-title":"The effect of a hydrolyzed polysaccharide dietary supplement on biomarkers in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"2018","author":"Lewis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"48","article-title":"A descriptive questionnaire-based study on the use of Biobran (MGN3), in chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"220","author":"Kenyon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Townsend Lett. Dr. Patients"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcl063","article-title":"A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of a natural killer cell stimulant (BioBran MGN-3) in chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"99","author":"McDermott","year":"2006","journal-title":"QJM Int. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0271-5317(99)00138-4","article-title":"Effects of modified rice bran on serum lipids and taste preference in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"20","author":"Ohara","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"17","article-title":"Modified rice bran improves glucose tolerance in NIDDM adult rats given streptozotocin as neonates","volume":"37","author":"Ohara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stud. Aichi Gakusen Univ."},{"key":"ref_87","unstructured":"BioBran Research Foundation (2013). The safety of Biobran\/MGN-3. BioBran\/MGN-3 (Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound): Basic and Clinical Application to Integrative Medicine, BioBran Research Foundation. [2nd ed.]. Chapter I-2."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/26\/9\/2539\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:53:10Z","timestamp":1760161990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/26\/9\/2539"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules26092539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules26092539","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]}}}