{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T01:15:22Z","timestamp":1777338922859,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Caffeine is a plant alkaloid present in food and beverages consumed worldwide. It has high lipid solubility with recognized actions in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues, notably the adipose depots. However, the literature is scant regarding caffeine\u2019s influence on adipocyte functions other than lipolysis, such as glucose incorporation into lipids (lipogenesis) and amine oxidation. The objective of this study was to explore the direct effects of caffeine and of isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) on these adipocyte functions. Glucose transport into fat cells freshly isolated from mice, rats, or humans was monitored by determining [3H]-2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) uptake, while the incorporation of radiolabeled glucose into cell lipids was used as an index of lipogenic activity. Oxidation of benzylamine by primary amine oxidase (PrAO) was inhibited by increasing doses of caffeine in human adipose tissue preparations with an inhibition constant (Ki) in the millimolar range. Caffeine inhibited basal and insulin-stimulated glucose transport as well as lipogenesis in rodent adipose cells. The antilipogenic action of caffeine was also observed in adipocytes from mice genetically invalidated for PrAO activity, indicating that PrAO activity was not required for lipogenesis inhibition. These caffeine inhibitory properties were extended to human adipocytes: relative to basal 2-DG uptake, set at 1.0 \u00b1 0.2 for 6 individuals, 0.1 mM caffeine tended to reduce uptake to 0.83 \u00b1 0.08. Insulin increased uptake by 3.86 \u00b1 1.11 fold when tested alone at 100 nM, and by 3.21 \u00b1 0.80 when combined with caffeine. Our results reinforce the recommendation of caffeine\u2019s potential in the treatment or prevention of obesity complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26133831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T11:28:41Z","timestamp":1624447721000},"page":"3831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Novel Facet of an Old Dietary Molecule? Direct Influence of Caffeine on Glucose and Biogenic Amine Handling by Human Adipocytes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3330-4583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wiem Haj","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Maladies M\u00e9taboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM U1048), I2MC, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier, I2MC-UPS, CHU Rangueil, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Boulet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Maladies M\u00e9taboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM U1048), I2MC, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier, I2MC-UPS, CHU Rangueil, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana\u00efs","family":"Briot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Maladies M\u00e9taboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM U1048), I2MC, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier, I2MC-UPS, CHU Rangueil, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7213-3273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barry J.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University of Dublin, DOIWD85, D07 ADY7 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6329-5841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma K.","family":"Kinsella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University of Dublin, DOIWD85, D07 ADY7 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"O\u2019Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dental Science, Trinity College, D02 PN40 Dublin 2, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7972-7119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Les","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de G\u00e1llego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5293-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josep","family":"Mercader-Barcel\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology and One Health (MOLONE) Research Group, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, MOLONE, University of the Balearic Islands, 07120 Palma, Spain"},{"name":"Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9208-6937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary T. 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