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Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is a major aging-associated disease. We investigated the efficacy and potential mechanism of ergosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3\u03b2-ol for AD symptoms. Drosophila with the pan-neuronal overexpression of human amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) was used as the AD model. We compared the life span, motor function, learning, memory, oxidative stress, and biomarkers of microglia activation and inflammation of the ergosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3\u03b2-ol-treated group to those of the untreated control. Ergosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3\u03b2-ol treatment effectively improved the life span, motor function, learning, and memory of the AD model compared to the untreated control. Biomarkers of microglia activation and inflammation were reduced, while the ubiquitous lipid peroxidation, catalase activity, and superoxide dismutase activity remained unchanged. In conclusion, ergosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3\u03b2-ol rescues AD deficits by modulating microglia activation but not oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26175338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T23:05:12Z","timestamp":1630623912000},"page":"5338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ergosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3\u03b2-ol Rescues AD Deficits by Modulating Microglia Activation but Not Oxidative Stress"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2569-3072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsin-Ping","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5935-6755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yueh-Hsiung","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Zhong","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng-Shiun","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Wen","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsai-Ni","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8443-6180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Yong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan"},{"name":"Brain Diseases Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Davidson, J.W. 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