{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:08:28Z","timestamp":1789052908265,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AGL2013-49083-C3-1-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL2013-49083-C3-1-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The antioxidant activity of food compounds is one of the properties generating the most interest, due to its health benefits and correlation with the prevention of chronic disease. This activity is usually measured using in vitro assays, which cannot predict in vivo effects or mechanisms of action. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vivo protective effects of six phenolic compounds (naringenin, apigenin, rutin, oleuropein, chlorogenic acid, and curcumin) and three carotenoids (lycopene B, \u03b2-carotene, and astaxanthin) naturally present in foods using a zebrafish embryo model. The zebrafish embryo was pretreated with each of the nine antioxidant compounds and then exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH), a known inducer of oxidative stress in zebrafish. Significant differences were determined by comparing the concentration-response of the tBOOH induced lethality and dysmorphogenesis against the pretreated embryos with the antioxidant compounds. A protective effect of each compound, except \u03b2-carotene, against oxidative-stress-induced lethality was found. Furthermore, apigenin, rutin, and curcumin also showed protective effects against dysmorphogenesis. On the other hand, \u03b2-carotene exhibited increased lethality and dysmorphogenesis compared to the tBOOH treatment alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26195786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T21:40:30Z","timestamp":1632778830000},"page":"5786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The Zebrafish Embryo as a Model to Test Protective Effects of Food Antioxidant Compounds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9914-7648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Arteaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Pharmacy School, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s\/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato 180207, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Boix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Pharmacy School, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s\/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"INSA-UB Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0146-876X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabet","family":"Teixido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Pharmacy School, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s\/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"INSA-UB Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Marizande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato 180207, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Cadena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, International SEK University, Quito 170134, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4409-8113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Bustillos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Medicine, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato 180207, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9719584","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9719584","article-title":"Nutrients and Oxidative Stress: Friend or Foe?","volume":"2018","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid. 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