{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:32:03Z","timestamp":1792272723659,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006595","name":"Unitatea Executiva Pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior a Cercetarii Dezvoltarii si Inovarii","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-3009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-3009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006595","name":"Unitatea Executiva Pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior a Cercetarii Dezvoltarii si Inovarii","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-3009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-3009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antimicrobial resistance was one of the top priorities for global public health before the start of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Moreover, in this changing medical landscape due to COVID-19, finding new organic structures with antimicrobial and antiviral properties is a priority in current research. The Biginelli synthesis that mediates the production of pyrimidine compounds has been intensively studied in recent decades, especially due to the therapeutic properties of the resulting compounds, such as calcium channel blockers, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or antioxidant compounds. In this review we aim to review the Biginelli syntheses reported recently in the literature that mediates the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds, the spectrum of their medicinal properties, and the structure\u2013activity relationship in the studied compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26196022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:23:55Z","timestamp":1633728235000},"page":"6022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Biginelli Reaction Mediated Synthesis of Antimicrobial Pyrimidine Derivatives and Their Therapeutic Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8198-7518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Marinescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Soseaua Panduri, 030018 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.18810140214","article-title":"Condensations produkte aus Aldehydammoniak und ketonartigen Verbindungen","volume":"14","author":"Hantzsch","year":"1881","journal-title":"Ber. Der Dtsch. Chem. Ges."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"360","article-title":"Aldehyde-urea derivatives of aceto-and oxaloacetic acids","volume":"23","author":"Biginelli","year":"1893","journal-title":"Gazz. Chim. Ital."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6937","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4020(01)87971-0","article-title":"100 years of the Biginelli dihydropyrimidine synthesis","volume":"49","author":"Kappe","year":"1993","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/S0223-5234(00)01189-2","article-title":"Biologically active dihydropyrimidones of the Biginelli-type\u2014A literature survey","volume":"35","author":"Kappe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2014.10.006","article-title":"A mini-review on Biginelli adducts with notable pharmacological properties","volume":"6","author":"Fatima","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48506","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA07677C","article-title":"The Biginelli reaction under batch and continuous flow conditions: Catalysis, mechanism and antitumoral activity","volume":"5","author":"Silva","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Liu, J., Zhang, R., Guo, Y., Wang, H., Meng, Q., Sun, Y., and Liu, Z. (2019). Synthesis, Characterization, and Anticancer Activities Evaluation of Compounds Derived from 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24050891"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmacrolett.0c00496","article-title":"Anticancer Polymers via the Biginelli Reaction","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Macro Lett."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6777","DOI":"10.1007\/s11164-016-2525-8","article-title":"Biological potential of pyrimidine derivatives in a new era","volume":"42","author":"Rani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res. Chem. Intermed."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2017.03.025","article-title":"Recent synthetic and medicinal perspectives of dihydropyrimidinones: A review","volume":"132","author":"Kaur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2010.06.058","article-title":"Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of some 3-(4,6-disubtituted-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl) propanoic acid derivatives","volume":"20","author":"Mokale","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.201300118","article-title":"Synthesis of Sydnone Substituted Biginelli Derivatives as Hyaluronidase Inhibitors","volume":"346","author":"Gireesh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Chem. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"733","article-title":"Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Analgesic Activity of 2-Methylthio-1,4-Dihydropyrimidines","volume":"10","author":"Sawant","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bais, J., Benedetti, F., Berti, F., Cerminara, I., Drioli, S., Funicello, M., Regini, G., Vidali, M., and Felluga, F. (2020). One Pot Synthesis of Micromolar BACE-1 Inhibitors Based on the Dihydropyrimidinone Scaffold and Their Thia and Imino Analogues. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25184152"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2007.07.012","article-title":"Synthesis and antioxidant activity evaluation of new hexahydropyrimido[5,4-c]quinoline-2,5-diones and 2-thioxohexahydropyrimido[5,4-c]quinoline-5-ones obtained by Biginelli reaction in two steps","volume":"43","author":"Ismaili","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.2174\/138527212799499859","article-title":"Biginelli Reaction: A Green Perspective","volume":"16","author":"Panda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Org. Chem."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"5552","article-title":"Recent Advances in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalyst in Biginelli Reaction from 2015-19: A Concise Review","volume":"5","author":"Chopda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Sel."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4039(01)01728-2","article-title":"Parallel synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones using Yb(III)-resin and polymer-supported scavengers under solvent-free conditions. A green chemistry approach to the Biginelli reaction","volume":"42","author":"Dondoni","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcata.2006.03.018","article-title":"An efficient synthesis of 4-substituted pyrazolyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-(thio)ones catalyzed by Mg(ClO4)2 under ultrasound irradiation","volume":"253","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mol. Catal. A"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2008.01.008","article-title":"A microwave-assisted synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones catalyzed by FeCl3-supported Nanopore Silica under solvent-free conditions","volume":"14","author":"Ahn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"4009","article-title":"Visible Light-Driven Biginelli Reaction over Mesoporous g-C3N4 Lewis-Base Catalyst","volume":"3","author":"Devthade","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Sel."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gulati, S., Singh, R., Prakash, R., and Sangwan, S. (2020). One-pot three component synthesis of substituted dihydropyrimidinones using fruit juices as biocatalyst and their biological studies. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238092"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2007.04.002","article-title":"An efficient and solvent-free one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones under microwave irradiation","volume":"18","author":"Cheng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2012.12.001","article-title":"Solvent free one-pot multi-component synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones catalyzed by mesoporous NH4H2PO4\/MCM-41 as an environmentally friendly, cheap, and effective catalyst","volume":"10","author":"Tayebee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catcom.2011.08.022","article-title":"Efficient and green synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin- 2(1H)-ones\/thiones using imidazol-1-yl-acetic acid as a novel, reusable and water-soluble organocatalyst","volume":"15","author":"Kargar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Catal. Commun."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1039\/c1gc00009h","article-title":"Efficient synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-ones in low melting tartaric acid-urea mixtures","volume":"13","author":"Gore","year":"2011","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4039(03)00619-1","article-title":"Cu(OTf)2: A reusable catalyst for high-yield synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones","volume":"44","author":"Paraskar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-014-2416-0","article-title":"Nanocrystalline magnesium oxide: An efficient promoter and heterogeneous nano catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of pyrazolotriazoles in green medium","volume":"16","author":"Naeimi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nanopart. Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gohain, M., Prajapati, D., and Sandhu, J.S. (2004). A Novel Cu-catalysed Three-component One-pot Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones Using Microwaves under Solvent-free Conditions. Synlett, 235\u2013238.","DOI":"10.1002\/chin.200423173"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simon, C., Constantieux, T., and Rodriguez, J. (2004). Utilisation of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Derivatives in Multicomponent Reactions. Eur. J. Org. Chem., 4957\u20134980.","DOI":"10.1002\/ejoc.200400511"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yadav, J.S., Reddy, B.V.S., Sridhar, P., Reddy, J.S.S., Nagaiah, K., Lingaiah, N., and Saiprasad, P.S. (2004). Green Protocol for the Biginelli Three-Component Reaction: Ag3PW12O40 as a Novel, Water-Tolerant Heteropolyacid for the Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinones. Eur. J. Org. Chem., 552\u2013557.","DOI":"10.1002\/ejoc.200300559"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9799","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200900470","article-title":"The Three-Component Biginelli Reaction: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Mechanistic Investigation","volume":"15","author":"Milagre","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2005.07.021","article-title":"One-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidiones catalyzed by strontium(II) triflate under solvent-free conditions","volume":"46","author":"Su","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4039(03)01564-8","article-title":"Vanadium(III) chloride catalyzed Biginelli condensation: Solution phase library generation of dihydropyrimidin-(2H)-ones","volume":"44","author":"Sabitha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2007.06.005","article-title":"TaBr5-catalyzed Biginelli reaction: One-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones\/thiones under solvent-free conditions","volume":"48","author":"Ahmed","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.3390\/11080649","article-title":"Efficient Ce(NO3)3\u00b76H2O-Catalyzed Solvent-Free Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones","volume":"11","author":"Adib","year":"2006","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.3390\/11100731","article-title":"Sulfated Zirconia-Catalyzed Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs) Under Solventless Conditions: Competitive Multicomponent Biginelli vs. Hantzsch Reactions","volume":"11","year":"2006","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.3390\/12071341","article-title":"Synthesis of 4-Aryl Substituted 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinones Using Silica-chloride Under Solvent Free Conditions","volume":"12","author":"Karade","year":"2007","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules15042087","article-title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of Novel 4-(2-Phenyl-1,2,3-Triazol-4-yl)-3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)- (Thio)ones Catalyzed by Sm(ClO4)3","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcata.2007.02.021","article-title":"Y(NO3)3\u00b76H2O: A novel and reusable catalyst for one pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones under solvent-free conditions","volume":"271","author":"Nandurkar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mol. Catal. A Chem."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2010.07.093","article-title":"Synthesis and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of 5-halo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones","volume":"51","author":"Zych","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2012.08.017","article-title":"An efficient and rapid dehydrogenation of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs) using CAN\/HCl","volume":"53","author":"Karade","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2012.12.032","article-title":"Iron(III) tosylate catalyzed synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones\/thiones via the Biginelli reaction","volume":"54","author":"Starcevich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S1872-2067(07)60051-5","article-title":"Efficient synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one using metal hydrogen sulfates M(HSO4)n as catalyst under solvent free conditions","volume":"28","author":"Niknam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chin. J. Catal."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1007\/s00706-013-1068-6","article-title":"A green synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-one\/thione derivatives using nanosilica-supported tin(II) chloride as a heterogeneous nanocatalyst","volume":"144","author":"Teymuri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Monatsh. Chem."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1002\/jccs.201400041","article-title":"One-pot synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones catalysed by cupric acetate under solvent-free conditions","volume":"61","author":"Kathing","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chin. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s40995-018-0495-y","article-title":"Copper Zirconium Phosphate as an Efficient Catalyst for Multi-component Reactions in Solvent-Free Conditions","volume":"42","author":"Karimi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran. J. Sci. Technol. Trans. Sci."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Popovics-T\u00f3th, N., Tajti, \u00c1., H\u00fcmpfner, E., and B\u00e1lint, E. (2021). Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one-phosphonates by the Microwave-Assisted Biginelli Reaction. Catalysts, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/catal11010045"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2016.04.045","article-title":"One-pot three-component Biginelli-type reaction to synthesize 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-(1H)-ones catalyzed by Co phthalocyanines: Synthesis, characterization, aggregation behavior and antibacterial activity","volume":"167","author":"Medyouni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s10593-018-2251-9","article-title":"Sodium hydrogen sulfate as a catalyst for the synthesis of N,4-diaryl-6-methyl-1-methyl(phenyl)-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxamides via the Biginelli reaction","volume":"54","author":"Gein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Heterocycl. Comp."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crci.2011.11.015","article-title":"An appropriate one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones catalyzed by heteropoly acid supported on zeolite: An efficient and reusable catalyst for the Biginelli reaction","volume":"15","author":"Moosavifar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compt. Rend. Chim."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shahid, A., Ahmed, N.S., Saleh, T.S., Al-Thabaiti, S.A., Basahel, S.N., Schwieger, W., and Mokhtar, M. (2017). Solvent-Free Biginelli Reactions Catalyzed by Hierarchical Zeolite Utilizing a Ball Mill Technique: A Green Sustainable Process. Catalysts, 7.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201702.0015.v1"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070428019090240","article-title":"Potassium Fluoride-Modified Clay as a Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst for One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones","volume":"55","author":"Bentahar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Russ. J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1180\/clm.2020.37","article-title":"Copper supported on acid-activated vermiculite as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the Biginelli reaction: A green approach","volume":"55","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clay Miner."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bosica, G., Cachia, F., De Nittis, R., and Mariotti, N. (2021). Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones via a Three-Component Biginelli Reaction. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26123753"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diarjani, E.S., Rajabi, F., Yahyazadeh, A., Puente-Santiago, A.R., and Luque, R. (2018). Copper Tridentate Schiff Base Complex Supported on SBA-15 as Efficient Nanocatalyst for Three-Component Reactions under Solventless Conditions. Materials, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma11122458"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4955","DOI":"10.1007\/s11164-020-04234-4","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of the immobilized polythiophene on magnetic carbon nanotube as a prominent catalyst for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinone and octahydroquinazolinone derivatives","volume":"46","author":"Akbarzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res. Chem. Intermediat."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42221","DOI":"10.1039\/D0RA09072G","article-title":"Dihydropyrimidinones: Efficient one-pot green synthesis using Montmorillonite-KSF and evaluation of their cytotoxic activity","volume":"10","author":"Farooq","year":"2020","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27125","DOI":"10.1039\/C9RA03336J","article-title":"Tuning the Biginelli reaction mechanism by the ionic liquid effect: The combined role of supported heteropolyacid derivatives and acidic strength","volume":"9","author":"Freitas","year":"2019","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Ma, R., Cao, D., and Liu, C. (2016). New Efficient Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones Catalyzed by Benzotriazolium-Based Ionic Liquids under Solvent-Free Conditions. Molecules, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21040462"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3811","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules20033811","article-title":"An Efficient Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-Ones and Thiones Catalyzed by a Novel Br\u00f8nsted Acidic Ionic Liquid under Solvent-Free Conditions","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s11030-017-9806-z","article-title":"Recent developments in the synthesis and applications of dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and thiones","volume":"22","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Divers."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2016.09.047","article-title":"Biginelli reaction: An overview","volume":"57","author":"Nagarajaiah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1080\/00397911.2018.1536789","article-title":"Mini-review on the synthesis of Biginelli analogs using greener heterogeneous catalysis: Recent strategies with the support or direct catalyzing of inorganic catalysts","volume":"49","author":"Shumaila","year":"2019","journal-title":"Synth. Commun."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s11030-013-9439-9","article-title":"Recent progress in asymmetric Biginelli reaction","volume":"17","author":"Heravi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Divers."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s11030-018-9841-4","article-title":"Current progress in asymmetric Biginelli reaction: An update","volume":"22","author":"Heravi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Divers."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1002\/ajoc.201900718","article-title":"Chiral Spirocyclic Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Synthesis of 4-Alkyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one Derivatives by Asymmetric Biginelli Reactions","volume":"9","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4564","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27000","article-title":"Risk factors for bacterial infections in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 case: A-control study","volume":"93","author":"Nasir","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marinescu, M. (2021). Synthesis of Antimicrobial Benzimidazole\u2013Pyrazole Compounds and Their Biological Activities. Antibiotics, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10081002"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2005.02.009","article-title":"Synthesis of 4-aryl-7,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro quinazoline-2-one\/thione-5-one derivatives and evaluation as antibacterials","volume":"40","author":"Kidwai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2008.10.018","article-title":"A novel and efficient one step synthesis of 2-amino-5-cyano-6-hydroxy-4-arylpyrimidines and their anti-bacterial activity","volume":"44","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6052","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2010.08.060","article-title":"Synthesis, antimicrobial, and mosquito larvicidal activity of 1-aryl-4-methyl-3,6-bis-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-thioxo-2,3,6,10b-tetrahydro-1H -pyrimido[5,4-c]quinolin-5-ones","volume":"20","author":"Rajanarendar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2009.09.018","article-title":"Synthesis and in vitro microbiological evaluation of novel 4-aryl-5-isopropoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidinones","volume":"45","author":"Chitra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.2298\/JSC090106060D","article-title":"Synthesis of Biginelli products of thiobarbituric acids and their antimicrobial activity","volume":"75","author":"Dabholkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Serb. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2011.09.023","article-title":"1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-ones derivatives: Design, Synthesis, in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and antitubercular study","volume":"46","author":"Akhaja","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2011.04.048","article-title":"Synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally flexible as well as restricted dimers of monastrol and related dihydropyrimidones","volume":"46","author":"Kamal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s12039-011-0088-1","article-title":"Synthesis of 4-aryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-indeno[1,2-d]pyrimidines by Biginelli condensation and their antibacterial activities","volume":"123","author":"Kaur","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Chem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1007\/s10600-011-0004-4","article-title":"Synthesis and biological activity of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-thione of aminomethylene derivatives based on the alkaloid cytisine","volume":"47","author":"Kulakov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Nat. Comp."},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"1077","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of 4,5-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives: Their synthesis and spectral elucidation","volume":"69","author":"Alam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Pol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-011-9628-y","article-title":"Zn(OTf)2-catalyzed three component, one-pot cyclocondensation reaction of some new octahydroquinazolinone derivatives and access their bio-potential","volume":"21","author":"Shah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9652","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17089652","article-title":"Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Some New Thiazolopyrimidine, Thiazolodipyrimidine and Thiazolopyrimidothiazolopyrimidine Derivatives with Potential Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity","volume":"17","author":"Youssef","year":"2012","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3973","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-011-9931-7","article-title":"Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel derivatives of Biginelli pyrimidines","volume":"21","author":"Sedaghati","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-013-0596-2","article-title":"Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel substituted pyrimidine scaffold","volume":"22","author":"Ghodasara","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-013-0840-9","article-title":"An efficient synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial screening of tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives","volume":"23","author":"Godhani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-013-0606-4","article-title":"In vitro and in silico biological studies of novel thiazolo [3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate derivatives","volume":"23","author":"Umesha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00706-015-1428-5","article-title":"Synthesis of new pyrazole derivatives via multicomponent reaction and evaluation of their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities","volume":"146","author":"Viveka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Monatsh. Chem."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46654","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA08765A","article-title":"Design, synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of dihydropyrimidone based organic\u2013inorganic nanohybrids","volume":"5","author":"Raj","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070363216110062","article-title":"Synthesis, Structure, and Antimicrobial Activity of N,6-Diaryl-4-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxamides","volume":"86","author":"Gein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Russ. J. Gen. Chem."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070363216080284","article-title":"Synthesis, Reactions, and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Novel Fused Thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-5H-indeno[1,2-d]pyrimidine Derivatives","volume":"86","author":"Khalifa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Russ. J. Gen. Chem."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-016-1613-z","article-title":"Synthesis, in vitro potential and computational studies on 2-amino-1,4-dihydropyrimidines as multitarget antibacterial ligands","volume":"25","author":"Ahmad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s12154-015-0142-4","article-title":"Synthesis, antibacterial studies, and molecular modeling studies of 3,4-dihydropyrimidinone compounds","volume":"9","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1515\/hc-2016-0032","article-title":"Catalytic synthesis and antimicrobial activity of N-(3-chloro-2-oxo-4-phenylazetidin-1-yl)-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxamides","volume":"22","author":"Desai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heterocycl. Commun."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2014.05.007","article-title":"Triethylammonium acetate ionic liquid assisted one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones and evaluation of their antioxidant and antibacterial activities","volume":"10","author":"Attri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.02.006","article-title":"Flucytosine analogues obtained through Biginelli reaction as efficient combinative antifungal agents","volume":"105","author":"Wani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-017-0245-9","article-title":"Design, synthesis and biological potentials of novel tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives","volume":"11","author":"Rani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Cent. J."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2712","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070363217110299","article-title":"The New Green Procedure for Pyrazolopyrimidinone Based Dihydropyrimidinones and Their Antibacterial Screening","volume":"87","author":"Allam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Russ. J. Gen. Chem."},{"key":"ref_97","first-page":"596","article-title":"Synthesis of Some New Tetrahydropyrimidine Derivatives as Possible Antibacterial Agents","volume":"16","author":"Foroughifar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2017.01.001","article-title":"3,4-Dihydropyrimidinone-coumarin analogues as a new class of selective agent against S. aureus: Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling study","volume":"25","author":"Naik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamdi, N., Medyouni, R., Bilel, H., Mansour, L., and Romerosa, A. (2017). An Efficient One-Pot Protocol for the Synthesis of Substituted 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones Using Metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) as Potent Heterogeneous Catalysts: Synthesis, Characterization, Aggregation and Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22040605"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-018-0419-0","article-title":"Microwave assisted synthesis of some new thiazolopyrimidine and pyrimidothiazolopyrimidopyrimidine derivatives with potential antimicrobial activity","volume":"12","author":"Youssef","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Cent. J."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-017-2058-8","article-title":"One pot synthesis of thiazolo[2,3-b]dihydropyrimidinone possessing pyrazole moiety and evaluation of their antiinflammatory and antimicrobial activities","volume":"27","author":"Viveka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6312","DOI":"10.1039\/D0RA10255E","article-title":"Synthesis, crystal structure and antibacterial studies of dihydropyrimidines and their regioselectively oxidized products","volume":"11","author":"Huseynzada","year":"2021","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1007\/s11030-018-9845-0","article-title":"One-pot synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of fused thiazolo[2,3-b]pyrimidinone pyrazolylcoumarin hybrids","volume":"22","author":"Gondru","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Div."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070428019070212","article-title":"Cell-Viability Analysis Against MCF-7 Human Breast Cell Line and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Newly Synthesized Selenoxopyrimidines","volume":"55","author":"Samdhian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Russ. J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1007\/s10593-019-02452-2","article-title":"An efficient microwave-promoted three-component synthesis of thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidines catalyzed by SiO2\u2013ZnBr2 and antimicrobial activity evaluation","volume":"55","author":"Devineni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Heterocycl. Compd."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070363219050049","article-title":"Three-Component Reaction of Dimedone with Aromatic Aldehydes and 5-Aminotetrazole","volume":"89","author":"Gein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Russ. J. Gen. Chem."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3251","DOI":"10.1007\/s11164-019-03791-7","article-title":"Aspartic-acid-loaded starch-functionalized Mn\u2013Fe\u2013Ca ferrite magnetic nanoparticles as novel green heterogeneous nanomagnetic catalyst for solvent-free synthesis of dihydropyrimidine derivatives as potent antibacterial agents","volume":"45","author":"Afradi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res. Chem. Intermed."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22313","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.9b02286","article-title":"Efficient Rapid Access to Biginelli for the Multicomponent Synthesis of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyrimidines in Room-Temperature Diisopropyl Ethyl Ammonium Acetate","volume":"4","author":"Jadhav","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1002\/jhet.3821","article-title":"A one-pot multicomponent Biginelli reaction for the preparation of novel pyrimidinthione derivatives as antimicrobial agents","volume":"57","author":"Desai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Heterocycl. Chem."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-5362.253363","article-title":"Design, synthesis and evaluation of cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and anti-HIV-1 activities of new 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives","volume":"14","author":"Farhangi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1134\/S106816202004007X","article-title":"3-Aryl\/Heteryl-5-Phenylindeno[1,2-d]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-6(5H)-ones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Investigation","volume":"46","author":"Rajitha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Russ. J. Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sethiya, A., Soni, J., Manhas, A., Jha, P.C., and Agarwal, S. (2021). Green and highly efficient MCR strategy for the synthesis of pyrimidine analogs in water via C\u2013C and C\u2013N bond formation and docking studies. Res. Chem. Intermed.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11164-021-04529-0"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1134\/S1068162021020102","article-title":"An Efficient Synthesis and Reactions of 5-Acetyl-6-Methyl-4-(1,3-Diphenyl-1H-Pyrazol-4-yl)-3,4-Dihydropyrmidin-2(1H)-Thione as Potential Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Agents","volume":"47","author":"Mohamed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Russ. J. Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_114","first-page":"2","article-title":"Synthesis, biological screening and DFT studies of the new tetrahydropyrimidine-benzo[d]imidazol compounds","volume":"19\u201320","author":"Marinescu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"115. Marinescu, M., Z\u0103laru, C.-M., Hanganu, A., Stavarache, C., and Marton, G.I. (2020). Synthesis, Spectral Characterization Antimicrobial Activity and DFT Studies of Some Tetrahydropyrimidinones. Proceedings, 57.","DOI":"10.3390\/proceedings2020057052"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18337","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b00832","article-title":"Structure-based design of MptpB inhibitors that reduce multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis survival and infection burden in vivo","volume":"61","author":"Vickers","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2007.08.004","article-title":"Synthesis, screening for antitubercular activity and 3D-QSAR studies of substituted N-phenyl-6-methyl-2-oxo-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxamides","volume":"43","author":"Virsodia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2010.08.046","article-title":"Novel dihydropyrimidines as a potential new class of antitubercular agents","volume":"20","author":"Trivedi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-011-9712-3","article-title":"Synthesis and anti-tubercular evaluation of some novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives","volume":"21","author":"Trivedi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2012.02.101","article-title":"Synthesis and in vitro anticancer and antitubercular activity of diarylpyrazole ligated dihydropyrimidines possessing lipophilic carbamoyl group","volume":"22","author":"Yadlapalli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-013-0850-7","article-title":"Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 4-(substituted)phenyl-2-thioxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-chromino[4,3-d]pyrimidin -5-one and 4-(substituted)phenyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-chromino[4,3-d]pyrimidine-2,5-dione analogs as antitubercular agents","volume":"23","author":"Ambre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2015.04.011","article-title":"Development of selective DprE1 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, crystal structure and antitubercular activity of benzothiazolylpyrimidine-5-carboxamide","volume":"96","author":"Chikhale","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2012.07.018","article-title":"Tripathi, R.P. One pot efficient diversity oriented synthesis of polyfunctional styryl thiazolopyrimidines and their bio-evaluation as antimalarial and anti-HIV agents","volume":"55","author":"Fatima","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marinescu, M., Cinteza, L.O., Marton, G.I., Chifiriuc, M.C., Popa, M., Stanculescu, I., Zalaru, C.M., and Stavarache, C.E. (2020). Synthesis, density functional theory study and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of new benzimidazole Mannich bases. BMC Chem., 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-020-00697-z"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2016.10.066","article-title":"Density functional theory molecular modeling, chemical synthesis, and antimicrobial behaviour of selected benzimidazole derivatives","volume":"1130","author":"Marinescu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2017.05.003","article-title":"Density functional theory molecular modeling and antimicrobial behaviour of selected 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroacridine-N(10)-oxides","volume":"1144","author":"Marinescu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2017.11.073","article-title":"Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, DFT study and antimicrobial activity of novel alkylaminopyrazole derivatives","volume":"1156","author":"Zalaru","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/26\/19\/6022\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:09:22Z","timestamp":1760166562000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/26\/19\/6022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"references-count":127,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules26196022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules26196022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]}}}