{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T16:20:56Z","timestamp":1778948456479,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["DE 11657"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE 11657"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) contains a large number of acidic domains, multiple phosphorylation sites, a functional arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) motif, and a DNA binding domain, and has been shown to play essential regulatory function in dentin and bone mineralization. DMP1 could also orchestrate bone matrix formation, but the ability of DMP1 on Ti to human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) conversion to osteoblasts has not been studied. There is importance to test if the DMP1 coated Ti surface would promote cell migration and attachment to the metal surface and promote the differentiation of the attached stem cells to an osteogenic lineage. This study aimed to study the human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) attachment and proliferation on DMP1 coated titanium (Ti) disks compared to non-coated disks, and to assess possible osteoblastic differentiation of attached hMSCs. Sixty-eight Ti disks were divided into two groups. Group 1 disks were coated with dentin matrix protein 1 and group 2 disks served as control. Assessment with light microscopy was used to verify hMSC attachment and proliferation. Cell viability was confirmed through fluorescence microscopy and mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was done to study the gene expression. The proliferation assay showed significantly greater cell proliferation with DMP1 coated disks compared to the control group (p-value &lt; 0.001). Cell vitality analysis showed a greater density of live cells on DMP1 coated disks compared to the control group. Alkaline phosphatase staining revealed higher enzyme activity on DMP1 coated disks and showed itself to be significantly higher than the control group (p-value &lt; 0.001). von Kossa staining revealed higher positive areas for mineralized deposits on DMP1 coated disks than the control group (p-value &lt; 0.05). Gene expression analysis confirmed upregulation of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and alkaline phosphatase on DMP1 coated disks (p-value &lt; 0.001). The dentin matrix protein promoted the adhesion, proliferation, facilitation differentiation of hMSC, and mineralized matrix formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26226756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T12:46:23Z","timestamp":1636461983000},"page":"6756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Dentin Matrix Protein 1 on Titanium Surface Facilitates Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0164-1750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suchada","family":"Kongkiatkamon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bangkok Hospital Dental Center, Bangkok Hospital, Bangkok 10310, Thailand"},{"name":"BDMS Wellness Clinic, Bangkok Dusit Medical Services, Public Company Limited, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amsaveni","family":"Ramachandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brodie Tooth Development Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kent L.","family":"Knoernschild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Sciences, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Bah\u00e7e\u015fehir University, 34353 \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2171-004X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cortino","family":"Sukotjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Bah\u00e7e\u015fehir University, 34353 \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brodie Tooth Development Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kligman, S., Ren, Z., Chung, C.-H., Perillo, M.A., Chang, Y.-C., Koo, H., Zheng, Z., and Li, C. 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