{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T22:12:17Z","timestamp":1785190337035,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]],"date-time":"2021-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"state key laboratory of microbial technology open projects fund","award":["M2021-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2021-10"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021JJ40306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ40306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Science &amp; Technology Department project","award":["2020NK2006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020NK2006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Phytopathogenic fungi infect crops, presenting a worldwide threat to agriculture. Polyene macrolides are one of the most effective antifungal agents applied in human therapy and crop protection. In this study, we found a cryptic polyene biosynthetic gene cluster in Actinokineospora spheciospongiae by genome mining. Then, this gene cluster was activated via varying fermentation conditions, leading to the discovery of new polyene actinospene (1), which was subsequently isolated and its structure determined through spectroscopic techniques including UV, HR-MS, and NMR. The absolute configuration was confirmed by comparing the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Unlike known polyene macrolides, actinospene (1) demonstrated more versatile post-assembling decorations including two epoxide groups and an unusual isobutenyl side chain. In bioassays, actinospene (1) showed a broad spectrum of antifungal activity against several plant fungal pathogens as well as pathogenic yeasts with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging between 2 and 10 \u03bcg\/mL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26227020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,21]],"date-time":"2021-11-21T21:00:50Z","timestamp":1637528450000},"page":"7020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Discovery of Actinospene, a New Polyene Macrolide with Broad Activity against Plant Fungal Pathogens and Pathogenic Yeasts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0378-9150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuiyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianqi","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University\u2013Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaohui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9874-5892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hailong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University\u2013Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0655-5651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingshu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00214","article-title":"The still underestimated problem of fungal diseases worldwide","volume":"10","author":"Almeida","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. 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