{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T15:13:40Z","timestamp":1778166820127,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,28]],"date-time":"2021-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The beneficial effect of antioxidant supplementation in maturation culture media of sow oocytes was evaluated by the expression quantification of apoptotic genes and the genes that ensure stability of germ cells during fertilization. The oocytes were cultivated for 44 h in conventional medium (C) or in medium supplemented with 105 \u00b5M rosmarinic acid (R) and 0.5 mM ascorbic acid (A) and classified into three quality classes by morphological observation from which the total RNA was isolated. The gene expression of Ptx3 and the apoptotic regulator p53, Bax and BCL-2 were evaluated by quantitative PCR technique. The decreased expression of the Bax gene in the A and R groups, compared to the control, indicates a protective role of antioxidants in the cells. Cell homeostasis was maintained, as reflected in the ratio of Bax\/Bcl-2 in class I COCs (cumulus-oocyte complex) regardless of the experimental group, indicating minimum cellular stress. The expression of p53 genes was higher in all class III COC, but in A1 and R1 the expression was lower than in C1, and a similar Ptx-3 gene decreased significantly in groups A1, A2, A3 and R1 compared with control groups. Antioxidant supplementation showed beneficial effects on all morphological classes of pig COCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26237215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T22:01:11Z","timestamp":1638309671000},"page":"7215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Utilization of Rosmarinic and Ascorbic Acids for Maturation Culture Media in Order to Increase Sow Oocyte Quality Prior to IVF"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9335-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana-Maria","family":"Boldura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I\u201d Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"},{"name":"BUASVM\u2019s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201dKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1099-331X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Marc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I\u201d Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"},{"name":"BUASVM\u2019s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201dKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Otava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I\u201d Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"},{"name":"BUASVM\u2019s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201dKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0594-2852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioan","family":"Hutu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I\u201d Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"},{"name":"BUASVM\u2019s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201dKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornel","family":"Balta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camelia","family":"Tulcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I\u201d Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"},{"name":"BUASVM\u2019s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201dKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calin","family":"Mircu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I\u201d Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"},{"name":"BUASVM\u2019s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201dKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timisoara, 300645 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.09.007","article-title":"Ovum Pick Up and In Vitro Production in the bovine after use in several generations: A 2005 status","volume":"65","author":"Leeuw","year":"2006","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"17","article-title":"In vitro fertilization and related techniques","volume":"27","author":"Marc","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Rom. Med. Vet."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.01.031","article-title":"Combination of oviduct fluid and heparin to improve monospermic zygotes production during porcine in vitro fertilization","volume":"86","author":"Batista","year":"2016","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2015.07.017","article-title":"In vitro fertilization in pigs: New molecules and protocols to consider in the forthcoming years","volume":"85","author":"Romar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Zarcula, S.M., Godja, G., Hu\u021bu, I., Tulcan, C., Bonca, G., Otav\u0103, G., and Markovski, A. (2015, January 25\u201329). Comparison of morphological aspects and nuclear status of bovine COCs cultured in medium with\/without sheep FSH. Proceedings of the 3rd International Virtual Conference on Advanced Scientific Results, Virtual Meeting."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2017.02.006","article-title":"Potential role of green tea catechins in the management of oxidative stress-associated infertility","volume":"34","author":"Roychoudhury","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-12-112","article-title":"Utility of antioxidants during assisted reproductive techniques: An evidence based review","volume":"12","author":"Agarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6132","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-24395-y","article-title":"Ascorbic acid induces global epigenetic reprogramming to promote meiotic maturation and developmental competence of porcine oocytes","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1260809","article-title":"Overcoming poor in vitro nuclear maturation and developmental competence of domestic cat oocytes during the non-breeding season","volume":"126","author":"Comizzoli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.12980\/apjr.6.20170207","article-title":"Effect of using ascorbic acid and cysteamine supplementation on in-vitro development of buffalo embryos","volume":"6","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12946","article-title":"Effects of supplementation of medium with different antioxidants during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes on subsequent embryo production","volume":"52","author":"Sovernigo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"230","article-title":"The influence of ascorbic acid on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes","volume":"73","author":"Pernes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull. Univ. Agric. Sci. Vet. Med. Cluj-Napoca. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2014.1127-1131","article-title":"Antioxidative capacity of vitamin E, vitamin C and their combination in cryopreserved Bhadavari bull semen","volume":"7","author":"Mittal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. World"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2018.02.006","article-title":"Vitamin C attenuates negative effects of vitrification on sperm parameters, chromatin quality, apoptosis and acrosome reaction in neat and prepared normozoospermic samples","volume":"57","author":"Mangoli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Taiwan. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12362","article-title":"Vitamin C induces Tet-dependent DNA demethylation and a blastocyst-like state in ES cells","volume":"500","author":"Blaschke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2491","article-title":"H3K9 methylation is a barrier during somatic cell reprogramming into iPSCs","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2017.171","article-title":"Vitamin C-induced epigenomic remodelling in IDH1 mutant acute myeloid leukaemia","volume":"32","author":"Mingay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.16.0818","article-title":"Ascorbic acid increases demethylation in somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos of the pig (Sus scrofa)","volume":"30","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Mircu, C., Boldura, O., Tulcan, C., and Hutu, I. (2015, January 27\u201329). Evaluation of Bcl2 and Ptx3 genes expression in swine cumulus cell cultured in different media. Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Animal Functional Genomics, Piacenza, Italy."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Mircu, C., Boldura, O.-M., Ignatiadi, A., Ra\u021biu, A.M., Hutu, I., Sorina, P., Tulcan, C., Ahmadi, M., Bonca, G., and Milovanov, C. (2015, January 22\u201323). Effect of Cysteine Supplementation on Sow Cumulus Cells and on Bcl2 Gene Expression during In Vitro Maturation. Proceedings of the International Scientific Congress Soil and Food Resources for a Healthy Life\u201454th Annual meeting of Veterinary Medicine\u2014\u201cTowards a Global Health\u201d, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi, Romania. Series Veterinary Medicine."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-015-6395-6","article-title":"Production and applications of rosmarinic acid and structurally related compounds","volume":"99","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pattananandecha, T., Apichai, S., Julsrigival, J., Ungsurungsie, M., Kawasaki, N., and Saenjum, C. (2021). Antioxidant Activity and Anti-Photoaging Effects on UVA-Irradiated Human Fibroblasts of Rosmarinic Acid Enriched Extract Prepared from Thunbergia laurifolia Leaves. Plants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10081648"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6676998","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6676998","article-title":"Toxicological Evaluation and Hepatoprotective Efficacy of Rosmarinic Acid-Rich Extract from Ocimum basilicum L.","volume":"2021","author":"Touiss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marinho, S., Illanes, M., \u00c1vila-Rom\u00e1n, J., Motilva, V., and Talero, E. (2021). Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Rosmarinic Acid-Loaded Nanovesicles in Acute Colitis through Modulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome. Biomolecules, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11020162"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaharescu, T., and Blanco, I. (2021). Stabilization Effects of Natural Compounds and Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Nanoparticles on the Accelerated Degradation of Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26154390"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaur, R., Gupta, T.B., Bronlund, J., and Kaur, L. (2021). The Potential of Rosemary as a Functional Ingredient for Meat Products\u2014A Review. Food Rev. Int., 1\u201321.","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2021.1950173"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sier\u017cant, K., Korzeniowska, M., Orda, J., Wojdy\u0142o, A., Gondret, F., and P\u00f3\u0142brat, T. (2021). The Effect of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and Blackcurrant Extracts (Ribes nigrum) Supplementation on Performance Indices and Oxidative Stability of Chicken Broiler Meat. Animals, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11041155"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olivares, A., Alcaraz-Saura, M., Achel, D., Bern\u00e1-Mestre, J., and Alcaraz, M. (2021). Radiation-Induced Bystander Effect: Loss of Radioprotective Capacity of Rosmarinic Acid In Vivo and In Vitro. Antioxidants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10020231"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-9223-y","article-title":"Anticancer potential of rosmarinic acid and its improved production through biotechnological interventions and functional genomics","volume":"102","author":"Swamy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6930","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.6930","article-title":"Rosmarinic acid treatment during porcine oocyte maturation attenuates oxidative stress and improves subsequent embryo development in vitro","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00583-0","article-title":"In vitro developmental ability of ovine oocytes following intracytoplasmic injection with freeze-dried spermatozoa","volume":"7","author":"Olaciregui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2014.07.002","article-title":"Rosmarinic acid improves function and in vitro fertilising ability of boar sperm after cryopreservation","volume":"69","author":"Gil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4103\/2096-2924.309790","article-title":"Effects of rosmarinic acid on DNA integrity and H19 differentially methylated region methylation levels in human sperm preserved by freeze-drying","volume":"5","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod. Dev. Med."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2014.10.024","article-title":"Quantitative expression of antiapoptotic and proapoptotic genes in sheep ovarian follicles grown in vivo or cultured in vitro","volume":"83","author":"Chakravarthi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15830","DOI":"10.5897\/AJB11.1686","article-title":"Effect of cysteine supplementation on in vitro maturation of bovine oocyte","volume":"10","author":"Rahim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601911408892","article-title":"Regulation of Fertility by the p53 Family Members","volume":"2","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes Cancer"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2012.12404","article-title":"Pro-apoptotic Effect of Pifithrin-\u03b1 on Preimplantation Porcine In vitro Fertilized Embryo Development","volume":"25","author":"Mulligan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01056","article-title":"PTX3 plays a key role in the organization of the cumulus oophorus extracellular matrix and in in vivo fertilization","volume":"131","author":"Salustri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"195","article-title":"The effect of adding Rosmarinic and Ascorbic acids to vitrification media on fertilization rate of the mice oocyte: An experimental study","volume":"17","author":"Borjizadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Reprod. Biomed."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"191","article-title":"Removal of cumulus cells before oocyte nuclear maturation enhances enucleation rates without affecting the developmental competence of porcine cloned embryos","volume":"60","author":"Jeon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212\u0394\u0394CT method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"5685","article-title":"In-vitro maturation of porcine oocyte: Effect of antioxidants","volume":"16","author":"Mahanta","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"459","article-title":"Effect of growth factor and antioxidant on in vitro maturation of oocytes and cleavage rates of in vitro produced Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryos","volume":"84","author":"Sadeesh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Arh."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"1571","article-title":"Ascorbic acid inclusion in semen extender improves the post-thawed semen quality of Sahiwal cattle (Bos indicus)","volume":"47","author":"Sohail","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pak. J. Zool."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1530\/ror.0.0010162","article-title":"Apoptosis and ovarian function","volume":"1","author":"Tilly","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rev. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2004.33","article-title":"Expression of the Antioxidant Enzyme and Apoptosis Genes in In Vitro Maturation\/In Vitro Fertilization Porcine Embryos","volume":"17","author":"Jang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0780615","article-title":"Ultrastructure of in-vitro oocyte maturation in cattle","volume":"78","author":"Hyttel","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.04.040","article-title":"Embryo development in dairy cattle","volume":"86","author":"Lonergan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4471","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.090613","article-title":"The cell biology of mammalian fertilization","volume":"140","author":"Okabe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2812","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(93)77620-1","article-title":"Oxidative Stress, Antioxidants, and Animal Function","volume":"76","author":"Miller","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2174\/157340410792007046","article-title":"The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Assisted Reproduction","volume":"6","author":"Gupta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Women\u2019s Health Rev."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-3119(13)60412-8","article-title":"Oxidative Stress and Role of Natural Plant Derived Antioxidants in Animal Reproduction","volume":"12","author":"Zhong","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Integr. Agric."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-016-0253-4","article-title":"Impact of stress on oocyte quality and reproductive outcome","volume":"23","author":"Prasad","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12281","article-title":"Effect of Bovine Follicular Fluid on Reactive Oxygen Species and Glutathione in Oocytes, Apoptosis and Apoptosis-Related Gene Expression of In Vitro-Produced Blastocysts","volume":"49","author":"Park","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"1132","article-title":"Suppression of induced pluripotent stem cell generation by the p53\u2013p21 pathway","volume":"460","author":"Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6960","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.543793","article-title":"Identification and Characterization of an Oocyte Factor Required for Porcine Nuclear Reprogramming","volume":"289","author":"Kong","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199418000072","article-title":"Developmental and molecular responses of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) cumulus\u2013oocyte complex maturedin vitrounder heat shock conditions","volume":"26","author":"Nagy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zygote"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2808","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02808","article-title":"The Influence of Pentraxin 3 on the Ovarian Function and Its Impact on Fertility","volume":"9","author":"Camaioni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2016.04.007","article-title":"The Dual Complexity of PTX3 in Health and Disease: A Balancing Act?","volume":"22","author":"Magrini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-11-109","article-title":"RUNX2, GPX3 and PTX3 gene expression profiling in cumulus cells are reflective oocyte\/embryo competence and potentially reliable predictors of embryo developmental competence in PCOS patients","volume":"11","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.17.0880","article-title":"Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on bovine oocytes matured in vitro","volume":"31","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12163","article-title":"Beneficial effects of melatonin on bovine oocytes maturation: A mechanistic approach","volume":"57","author":"Tian","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pineal Res."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, H.-J., Park, S.-Y., Kim, J.-W., Yang, S.-G., Kim, M.-J., Jegal, H.-G., Kim, I.-S., Choo, Y.-K., and Koo, D.-B. (2018). Melatonin improves oocyte maturation and mitochondrial functions by reducing bisphenol a-derived superoxide in porcine oocytes in vitro. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19113422"}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/26\/23\/7215\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:37:02Z","timestamp":1760168222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/26\/23\/7215"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,28]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules26237215"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules26237215","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,28]]}}}