{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T09:31:13Z","timestamp":1789551073028,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\/16779-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/16779-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In horses, there is an increasing interest in developing long-lasting drug formulations, with biopolymers as viable carrier alternatives in addition to their use as scaffolds, suture threads, screws, pins, and plates for orthopedic surgeries. This communication focuses on the prolonged biocompatibility and biodegradation of PLA, prepared by hot pressing at 180 \u00b0C. Six samples were implanted subcutaneously on the lateral surface of the neck of one horse. The polymers remained implanted for 24 to 57 weeks. Physical examination, plasma fibrinogen, and the mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) were performed. After 24, 28, 34, 38, and 57 weeks, the materials were removed for histochemical analysis using hematoxylin-eosin and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There were no essential clinical changes. MNT decreased after the implantation procedure, returning to normal after 48 h. A foreign body response was observed by histopathologic evaluation up to 38 weeks. At 57 weeks, no polymer or fibrotic capsules were identified. SEM showed surface roughness suggesting a biodegradation process, with an increase in the median pore diameter. As in the histopathological evaluation, it was not possible to detect the polymer 57 weeks after implantation. PLA showed biocompatible degradation and these findings may contribute to future research in the biomedical area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26237224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T22:01:11Z","timestamp":1638309671000},"page":"7224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Long-Term Evaluation of Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) Implants in a Horse: An Experimental Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"J\u00falia Ribeiro Garcia","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences\u2014FCAV, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Conde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences\u2014FCAV, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina Lansarini","family":"Antonioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences\u2014FCAV, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clarissa Helena","family":"Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais\u2014UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thayssa Oliveira","family":"Littiere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences\u2014FCAV, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula Patroc\u00ednio","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Carlos School of Engineering\u2014EESC, University of S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014USP, 13566-590 S\u00e3o Carlos, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Aparecido","family":"Chinelatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Carlos School of Engineering\u2014EESC, University of S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014USP, 13566-590 S\u00e3o Carlos, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4354-6487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Al\u00e9scio","family":"Canola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences\u2014FCAV, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Jos\u00e9.","family":"Zara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences\u2014FCAV, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6463-6628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme Camargo","family":"Ferraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences\u2014FCAV, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2011.06.019","article-title":"Poly-lactic acid synthesis for application in biomedical devices\u2014A review","volume":"30","author":"Lasprilla","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biotechnol. 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