{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:57:20Z","timestamp":1787320640631,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science of Kazakhstan","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science of Kazakhstan","award":["734641"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["734641"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effectiveness of an amphoteric cryogel (AAC) as an oral sorbent (enerosorbent) for the treatment of acute poisoning of small animals (rats) with heavy metals (HMs) was studied in in vivo experiments. The morphological structure of the cryogel was examined using scanning electron microscopy\/energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and confocal microscopy. The use of the cryogel in the treatment of rats administered an LD50 dose of Cd(NO3)2, CsNO3, Sr(NO3)2, or HgCl2 in aqueous solution showed their high survival rate compared to the control group, which did not receive such treatment. The histological and chemical analysis of internal tissues and the biochemical analysis of the blood of the experimental animals showed the effectiveness of the cryogel in protecting the animals against the damaging effect of HMs on the organism comparable with unithiol, a chelating agent based on 2,3-dimercapto-1-propane sulfonic acid sodium salt (DMPS) approved for the treatment of acute poisoning with some heavy metals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26247601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T09:02:19Z","timestamp":1639558939000},"page":"7601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Synthetic Amphoteric Cryogels as an Antidote against Acute Heavy Metal Poisoning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6509-2087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alzhan Z.","family":"Baimenov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ildar R.","family":"Fakhradiyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, School of Pharmacy, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2534-9367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitriy A.","family":"Berillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, School of Pharmacy, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5696-6363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timur","family":"Saliev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, School of Pharmacy, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey V.","family":"Mikhalovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemisorption and Hybrid Materials, Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine"},{"name":"ANAMAD Ltd., Brighton BN1 9SB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talgat S.","family":"Nurgozhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, School of Pharmacy, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0195-0417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vassilis J.","family":"Inglezakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.119426","article-title":"Metal removal, partitioning and phase distributions in the wastewater and sludge: Performance evaluation of conventional, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket and downflow hanging sponge treatment systems","volume":"249","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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