{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:57:50Z","timestamp":1787029070280,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["81973465"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973465"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The importance of monitoring key aroma compounds as food characteristics to solve sample classification and authentication is increasing. The rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum (PR, Huangjing in Chinese) has great potential to serve as an ingredient of functional foods owing to its tonic effect and flavor properties. In this study, we aimed to characterize and classify PR samples obtained from different processing levels through their volatile profiles and flavor properties by using electronic nose, electronic tongue, and headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Nine flavor indicators (four odor indicators and five taste indicators) had a strong influence on the classification ability, and a total of 54 volatile compounds were identified in all samples. The traditional Chinese processing method significantly decreased the contents of aldehydes and alkanes, while more ketones, nitrogen heterocycles, alcohols, terpenoids, sulfides, and furans\/pyrans were generated in the processing cycle. The results confirmed the potential applicability of volatile profiles and flavor properties for classification of PR samples, and this study provided new insights for determining the processing level in food and pharmaceutical industries based on samples with specific flavor characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27010025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T01:08:09Z","timestamp":1640135289000},"page":"25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Characterization, Classification, and Authentication of Polygonatum sibiricum Samples by Volatile Profiles and Flavor Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Xile","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyuan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Bozhou Vocational and Technical College, Bozhou 236000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianshi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bozhou Yonggang Pieces Factory Co., Ltd., Bozhou 236000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouhe","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingni","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"FOC\u2014Flora of China (2021, July 16). 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