{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T10:59:55Z","timestamp":1771844395401,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004787","name":"The Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BFP\/RGP\/CBS\/21\/002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BFP\/RGP\/CBS\/21\/002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Carbonic anhydrase-II (CA-II) is strongly related with gastric, glaucoma, tumors, malignant brain, renal and pancreatic carcinomas and is mainly involved in the regulation of the bicarbonate concentration in the eyes. With an aim to develop novel heterocyclic hybrids as potent enzyme inhibitors, we synthesized a series of twelve novel 3-phenyl-\u03b2-alanine 1,3,4-oxadiazole hybrids (4a\u2013l), characterized by 1H- and 13C-NMR with the support of HRESIMS, and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against CA-II. The CA-II inhibition results clearly indicated that the 3-phenyl-\u03b2-alanine 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 4a\u2013l exhibited selective inhibition against CA-II. All the compounds (except 4d) exhibited good to moderate CA-II inhibitory activities with IC50 value in range of 12.1 to 53.6 \u00b5M. Among all the compounds, 4a (12.1 \u00b1 0.86 \u00b5M), 4c (13.8 \u00b1 0.64 \u00b5M), 4b (19.1 \u00b1 0.88 \u00b5M) and 4h (20.7 \u00b1 1.13 \u00b5M) are the most active hybrids against carbonic CA-II. Moreover, molecular docking was performed to understand the putative binding mode of the active compounds. The docking results indicates that these compounds block the biological activity of CA-II by nicely fitting at the entrance of the active site of CA-II. These compounds specifically mediating hydrogen bonding with Thr199, Thr200, Gln92 of CA-II.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27030816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T04:49:51Z","timestamp":1643258991000},"page":"816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study of Novel 3-Phenyl-\u03b2-Alanine-Based Oxadiazole Analogues as Potent Carbonic Anhydrase II Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kashif","family":"Rafiq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1563-225X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Najeeb","family":"Ur Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sobia Ahsan","family":"Halim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9287-2046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Majid","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman"},{"name":"H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ajmal","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0815-5942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Al-Harrasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2018.1553040","article-title":"Synthesis carbonic anhydrase enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity of novel benzothiazole derivatives incorporating glycine, methionine, alanine, and phenylalanine moieties","volume":"1","author":"Payaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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