{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:07:39Z","timestamp":1790219259537,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2022R437)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2022R437)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oil extracted from Artemisia aragonensis Lam. (EOA). Hydrodistillation was employed to extract EOA. Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses (GC-MS) were used to determine the phytochemical composition of EOA. Antioxidant potential was examined in vitro by use of three tests: 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH), ferric reducing activity power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity assay (TAC). Agar diffusion and microdilution bioassays were used to assess antimicrobial activity. GC\/MS and GC-FID detected 34 constituents in the studied EOA. The major component was Camphor (24.97%) followed by Borneol (13.20%), 1,8 Cineol (10.88%), and Artemisia alcohol (10.20%). EOA exhibited significant antioxidant activity as measured by DPPH and FRAP assays, with IC50 and EC50 values of 0.034 \u00b1 0.004 and 0.118 \u00b1 0.008 mg\/mL, respectively. EOA exhibited total antioxidant capacity of 7.299 \u00b1 1.774 mg EAA\/g. EOA exhibited potent antibacterial activity as judged by the low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against selected clinically-important pathogenic bacteria. MIC values of 6.568 \u00b1 1.033, 5.971 \u00b1 1.033, 7.164 \u00b1 0.0 and 5.375 \u00b1 0.0 \u03bcg\/mL were observed against S. aureus, B. subtills, E. coli 97 and E. coli 57, respectively. EOA displayed significant antifungal activity against four strains of fungi: F. oxysporum, C. albicans, A. flavus and A. niger with values of 21.50 \u00b1 0.43, 5.31 \u00b1 0.10, 21.50 \u00b1 0.46 and 5.30 \u00b1 0.036 \u03bcg\/mL, respectively. The results of the current study highlight the importance of EOA as an alternative source of natural antioxidant and antibacterial drugs to combat antibiotic-resistant microbes and free radicals implicated in the inflammatory responses accompanying microbial infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27031136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T23:42:20Z","timestamp":1644363740000},"page":"1136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chemically-Characterized Essential Oil from Artemisia aragonensis Lam. against Drug-Resistant Microbes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Khalid","family":"Chebbac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology Conservation and Valorisation of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hazem K.","family":"Ghneim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5261-570X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelfattah","family":"El Moussaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3707-8461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Bourhia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Nutrition, and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, Casablanca 20000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2428-8374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azeddin","family":"El Barnossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2861-0471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zineb","family":"Benziane Ouaritini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1685-1400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad Mohammad","family":"Salamatullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6103-4269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulhakeem","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9395-0563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mourad A. M.","family":"Aboul-Soud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1931-9962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John P.","family":"Giesy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Integrative Biology, Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja","family":"Guemmouh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology Conservation and Valorisation of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1997.00153.x","article-title":"Bioactivity of Selected Plant Essential Oils against Listeria Monocytogenes","volume":"82","author":"Deans","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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