{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:59:52Z","timestamp":1790823592745,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>For the identification of antigenic protein biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we conducted IgG profiling on high density protein microarrays. Plasma IgG of 96 human samples (healthy controls, osteoarthritis, seropositive and seronegative RA, n = 24 each) and time-series plasma of a pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) rat model (n = 24 total) were probed on AIT\u2019s 16k protein microarray. To investigate the analogy of underlying disease pathways, differential reactivity analysis was conducted. A total of n = 602 differentially reactive antigens (DIRAGs) at a significance cutoff of p &lt; 0.05 were identified between seropositive and seronegative RA for the human samples. Correlation with the clinical disease activity index revealed an inverse correlation of antibodies against self-proteins found in pathways relevant for antigen presentation and immune regulation. The PIA model showed n = 1291 significant DIRAGs within acute disease. Significant DIRAGs for (I) seropositive, (II) seronegative and (III) PIA were subjected to the Reactome pathway browser which also revealed pathways relevant for antigen presentation and immune regulation; of these, seven overlapping pathways had high significance. We therefore conclude that the PIA model reflects the biological similarities of the disease pathogenesis. Our data show that protein array analysis can elucidate biological differences and pathways relevant in disease as well be a useful additional layer of omics information.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27041452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T20:47:45Z","timestamp":1645476465000},"page":"1452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Functional Analysis of Autoantibody Signatures in Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Lisa","family":"Milchram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health and Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, W\u00e4hringer G\u00fcrtel 18\u201320, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health and Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Soldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health and Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Sieghart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, W\u00e4hringer G\u00fcrtel 18\u201320, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klemens","family":"Vierlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health and Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Bl\u00fcml","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, W\u00e4hringer G\u00fcrtel 18\u201320, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnter","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, W\u00e4hringer G\u00fcrtel 18\u201320, 1090 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, W\u00e4hringer G\u00fcrtel 18\u201320, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9318-1204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Weinh\u00e4usel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health and Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1109","article-title":"Therapeutic strategies for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2","author":"Smolen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. 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