{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T12:01:12Z","timestamp":1773403272901,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: The current research intended to obtain functional compounds from agricultural by-products. A functional tea seed flavonoid, kaempferol-3-O-[2-O-\u03b2-d-xylopyranosyl-6-O-\u03b1-L-rhanmopyranosyl]-\u03b2-d-glucopyranoside (KXRG), was isolated from tea seed dregs. We further determined its chemical structure and evaluated the protective effects of KXRG against local and systemic inflammation in vivo; (2) Methods: First, cytotoxicity and proinflammatory cytokine release were examined in a cell-culture system. The biological activities of KXRG were investigated in a mouse model of ear edema, and from inflammatory damage to organs as demonstrated by histologic examination, in addition to brain function evaluation using the Y-maze test. Serum biochemical analysis and western blotting were utilized to explore the related cellular factors; (3) Results: KXRG inhibited IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells at a non-toxic concentration. Further experiments confirmed that KXRG exerted a stronger effect than indomethacin in terms of the prevention of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)-induced ear inflammation in a mouse model. KXRG feeding significantly prevented LPS-induced small intestine, liver, and kidney inflammatory damage, as demonstrated by histologic examination. KXRG also significantly improved LPS-induced cognitive impairments. Serum biochemical analysis showed that KXRG elevated antioxidant capacity and reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Western blotting revealed that KXRG reduced the COX-2 expression induced by LPS in mouse tissues; (4) Conclusions: KXRG can be purified from agricultural waste, and hence it is inexpensive, with large amounts of raw materials available. Thus, KXRG has strong potential for further development as a wide-use anti-systemic inflammation drug to prevent human disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27072055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T23:30:23Z","timestamp":1647991823000},"page":"2055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Tea Seed Kaempferol Triglycoside Attenuates LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation and Ameliorates Cognitive Impairments in a Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Tsung-Ming","family":"Yeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"},{"name":"General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ching-Dong","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shyh-Shyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi-I","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Ling","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rees, A., Dodd, G.F., and Spencer, J.P.E. 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