{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:16:49Z","timestamp":1790795809790,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004054","name":"Ministry of Education and King Abdulaziz University Jeddah","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IFPRC-083-130-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IFPRC-083-130-2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nigella sativa oil, commonly known as black seed oil (BSO), is a well-known Mediterranean food, and its consumption is associated with beneficial effects on human health. A large number of BSO\u2019s therapeutic properties is attributed to its pharmacologically active compound, thymoquinone (TQ), which inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting several epigenetic players, including the ubiquitin-like, containing plant homeodomain (PHD) and an interesting new gene, RING finger domains 1 (UHRF1), and its partners, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1). This study was designed to compare the effects of locally sourced BSO with those of pure TQ on the expression of the epigenetic complex UHRF1\/DNMT1\/HDAC1 and the related events in several cancer cells. The gas chromatographs obtained from GC-MS analyses of extracted BSO showed that TQ was the major volatile compound. BSO significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, HeLa and Jurkat cells in a dose-dependent manner, and it induced apoptosis in these cell lines. BSO-induced inhibitory effects were associated with a significant decrease in mRNA expression of UHRF1, DNMT1 and HDAC1. Molecular docking and MD simulation showed that TQ had good binding affinity to UHRF1 and HDAC1. Of note, TQ formed a stable metal coordinate bond with zinc tom, found in the active site of the HDAC1 protein. These findings suggest that the use of TQ-rich BSO represents a promising strategy for epigenetic therapy for both solid and blood tumors through direct targeting of the trimeric epigenetic complex UHRF1\/DNMT1\/ HDAC1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27092779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T22:20:20Z","timestamp":1651098020000},"page":"2779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Potential Role of Nigella sativa Seed Oil as Epigenetic Therapy of Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Safialdin","family":"Alsanosi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3275-0861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan A.","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7829-047X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sultan","family":"Sonbul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2635-9383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hisham N.","family":"Altayb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6333-3107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afnan S.","family":"Batubara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0639-1618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salman","family":"Hosawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaltoom","family":"Al-Sakkaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1296-3045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omeima","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4797-4035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziad","family":"Omran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2147-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Alhosin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2017.01.020","article-title":"Epigenetic control of gene expression: Potential implications for cancer treatment","volume":"111","author":"Perri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit. 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