{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T23:25:44Z","timestamp":1785713144888,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":311,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,30]],"date-time":"2022-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union, Key Action 2: Strategic Partnerships","award":["2020-1-CZ01-KA203-078218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-1-CZ01-KA203-078218"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The worldwide prevalence of gastrointestinal diseases is about 40%, with standard pharmacotherapy being long-lasting and economically challenging. Of the dozens of diseases listed by the Rome IV Foundation criteria, for five of them (heartburn, dyspepsia, nausea and vomiting disorder, constipation, and diarrhoea), treatment with herbals is an official alternative, legislatively supported by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). However, for most plants, the Directive does not require a description of the mechanisms of action, which should be related to the therapeutic effect of the European plant in question. This review article, therefore, summarizes the basic pharmacological knowledge of synthetic drugs used in selected functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and correlates them with the constituents of medicinal plants. Therefore, the information presented here is intended as a starting point to support the claim that both empirical folk medicine and current and decades-old treatments with official herbal remedies have a rational basis in modern pharmacology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27092881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T06:23:08Z","timestamp":1651386188000},"page":"2881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders\u2014Plants and Potential Mechanisms of Action of Their Constituents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4634-3311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szilvia","family":"Czigle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odboj\u00e1rov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Bittner Fialov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odboj\u00e1rov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6417-9586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaroslav","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odboj\u00e1rov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4490-2615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Mu\u010daji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odboj\u00e1rov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odboj\u00e1rov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the OEMONOM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1002\/evan.21763","article-title":"Paleomedicine and the use of plant secondary compounds in the Paleolithic and Early Neolithic","volume":"28","author":"Hardy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evol. 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