{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T15:49:50Z","timestamp":1788796190296,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Anhui Key Research &amp; Development Program","award":["201904e01020002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201904e01020002"]}]},{"name":"Anhui Key Research &amp; Development Program","award":["2019-HZ-821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-HZ-821"]}]},{"name":"Qinghai Key Research &amp; Development and Transformation Program","award":["201904e01020002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201904e01020002"]}]},{"name":"Qinghai Key Research &amp; Development and Transformation Program","award":["2019-HZ-821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-HZ-821"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Moxidectin (MXD) is an antiparasitic drug used extensively in veterinary clinics. In this study, to develop a new formulation of MXD, a thermosensitive gel of MXD (MXD-TG) was prepared based on poloxamer 407\/188. Furthermore, the gelation temperature, the stability, in vitro release kinetics and in vivo pharmacokinetics of MXD-TG were evaluated. The results showed that the gelation temperature was approximately 27 \u00b0C. MXD-TG was physically stable and can be released continuously for more than 96 h in vitro. The Korsmeyer\u2013Peppas model provided the best fit to the release kinetics, and the release mechanism followed a diffusive erosion style. MXD-TG was released persistently for over 70 days in sheep. Part of pharmacokinetic parameters had a difference in female and male sheep (p &lt; 0.05). It was concluded that MXD-TG had a good stability, and its release followed the characteristics of a diffusive erosion style in vitro and a sustained release pattern in vivo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27103063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T21:52:11Z","timestamp":1652219531000},"page":"3063","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Poloxamer 407\/188 Binary Thermosensitive Gel as a Moxidectin Delivery System: In Vitro Release and In Vivo Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8949-5518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangchun","family":"Ruan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jidong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lianshou","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing 100081, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunlian","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Veterinary Drug and Feed Control, Hefei 230091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faquan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Veterinary Drug and Feed Control, Hefei 230091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuge","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Veterinary Drug and Feed Control, Hefei 230091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Veterinary Drug and Feed Control, Hefei 230091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianhui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1164-z","article-title":"Effect of gastro-intestinal nematode infection on sheep performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Mavrot","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428593","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/428593","article-title":"Immunity against helminths: Interactions with the host and the intercurrent infections","volume":"2010","author":"Moreau","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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