{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T21:24:56Z","timestamp":1789766696108,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research","award":["1441 AH\/2020 AD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1441 AH\/2020 AD"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Micromeria biflora, a traditional medicinal plant, is extensively used for treating various painful conditions, such as nose bleeds, wounds, and sinusitis. A phytochemical investigation of the chloroform fraction of Micromeria biflora led to the isolation of salicylalazine. Salicylalazine was assessed in vivo for analgesia, muscle relaxation, sedative, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as in vitro for COX-1\/2 inhibition activities. It was assessed against a hot plate-induced model at different doses. The muscle relaxant potential of salicylalazine was evaluated in traction and inclined screening models, while sedative properties were determined using an open-field model. The anti-inflammatory potential of salicylalazine was assessed in histamine and carrageenan-induced paw edema screening models. Salicylalazine exhibited significant analgesic potential in a dose-dependent manner. In both screening models, an excellent time-dependent muscle-relaxation effect was observed. Salicylalazine demonstrated excellent sedation at high doses. Its anti-inflammatory activity was determined through the initial and late phases of edema. It exhibited anticancer potential against NCI-H226, HepG2, A498, and MDR2780AD cell lines. In vitro, salicylalazine showed preferential COX-2 inhibition (over COX-1) with an SI value of 4.85. It was less effective in the initial phase, while, in the later phase, it demonstrated significant effects at 15 and 20 mg\/kg doses compared with the negative control. Salicylalazine did not exhibit cytotoxicity in the MTT assay, preliminarily indicating its safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27113377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:14:14Z","timestamp":1653437654000},"page":"3377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["In Vivo and In Vitro Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Compounds Isolated from Micromeria biflora (Buch. Ham. ex D.Don) Benth"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4017-7698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah S. M.","family":"Aljohani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0151-8309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahad A.","family":"Alhumaydhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2429-5491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdur","family":"Rauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23561, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0071-3153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Essam M.","family":"Hamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umer","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo2020303","article-title":"A historical overview of natural products in drug discovery","volume":"2","author":"Dias","year":"2012","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.4103\/2231-4040.104709","article-title":"Natural products derived from plants as a source of drugs","volume":"3","author":"Veeresham","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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