{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:38:35Z","timestamp":1792805915388,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mae Fah Luang University","award":["621B07026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["621B07026"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mwhaw71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Chiang Mai University, Thailand","award":["621B07026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["621B07026"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05m2fqn25","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polygonum odoratum var. Pakphai has been used in traditional Thai medicine for the treatment of flatulence and constipation and to relieve the inflammation caused by insect bites. Quercetin (Q), which is abundant in plant-based foods, has been found to exert anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of P. odoratum ethanolic extract in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Leaves were extracted with 50% ethanol, phenolics and flavonoids were then analyzed using UHPLC-QTOF-MS and HPLC-DAD. RAW264.7 cells were induced with lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). They were then treated with the extract and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1) concentrations were determined. Levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 mRNAs were analyzed using qRT-PCR. Chemical analysis demonstrated that the extract was abundant with Q while also containing catechin, gallic acid, epicatechin gallate and coumarin. The extract increased the viability of RAW264.7 cells and dose-dependently decreased nitric oxide production, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 levels in the medium from the LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell culture. Consistently, COX-2, iNOS, IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 mRNA levels were decreased in a concentration-dependent manner (p &lt; 0.05). Thus, the quercetin-rich ethanolic extract derived from P. odoratum var Pakphai leaves can exert anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells through a reduction of the pro-inflammatory mediator response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27123657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,12]],"date-time":"2022-06-12T22:37:20Z","timestamp":1655073440000},"page":"3657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Quercetin-Rich Ethanolic Extract of Polygonum odoratum var Pakphai Leaves Decreased Gene Expression and Secretion of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Murine RAW264.7 Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Nittaya","family":"Chansiw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5161-8458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sorraya","family":"Champakam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pattranuch","family":"Chusri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanjana","family":"Pangjit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5706-8781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Somdet","family":"Srichairatanakool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxidative Stress Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"4068","article-title":"Inflammation: A key process in skin tumorigenesis","volume":"17","author":"Neagu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncol. 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