{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T17:57:58Z","timestamp":1790963878407,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","award":["426172\/2018-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["426172\/2018-3"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","award":["15\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15\/2022"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["426172\/2018-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["426172\/2018-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15\/2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul","award":["426172\/2018-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["426172\/2018-3"]}]},{"name":"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul","award":["15\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the phytochemical profile, oral acute toxicity, and the effect of ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata Hook. F. &amp; Thomson) essential oil (YEO) on acute inflammation. YEO was analyzed by gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry. For in vitro tests, YEO was assessed using cytotoxicity, neutrophil chemotaxis induced by N-formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (fMLP), and phagocytic activity tests. YEO was orally administered in zymosan-induced peritonitis, carrageenan-induced leukocyte rolling, and adhesion events in the in situ microcirculation model and in carrageenan-induced paw edema models. YEO (2000 mg\/kg) was also tested using an acute toxicity test in Swiss mice. YEO showed a predominance of benzyl acetate, linalool, benzyl benzoate, and methyl benzoate. YEO did not present in vitro cytotoxicity. YEO reduced the in vitro neutrophil chemotaxis induced by fMLP and reduced the phagocytic activity. The oral treatment with YEO reduced the leukocyte recruitment and nitric oxide production in the zymosan-induced peritonitis model, reduced rolling and adherent leukocyte number induced by carrageenan in the in situ microcirculation model, and reduced carrageenan-induced edema and mechanical hyperalgesia. YEO did not present signs of toxicity in the acute toxicity test. In conclusion, YEO affected the leukocyte activation, and presented antiedematogenic, anti-hyperalgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27123666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,12]],"date-time":"2022-06-12T22:37:20Z","timestamp":1655073440000},"page":"3666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effect of Ylang-Ylang (Cananga odorata Hook. F. &amp; Thomson) Essential Oil on Acute Inflammatory Response In Vitro and In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Robson Ara\u00fajo","family":"de Freitas Junior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition College, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paloma K\u00eania de Moraes Berenguel","family":"Lossavaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition College, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8998-9219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e2ndida Aparecida Leite","family":"Kassuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences College, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3686-8402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar Julian","family":"Paredes-Gamero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition College, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelson Carvalho","family":"Farias J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences College, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria In\u00eas Lenz","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francielli Maria de Souza","family":"Silva-Comar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto Kenji Nakamura","family":"Cuman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise Brentan","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition College, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f4nica Cristina","family":"Toffoli-Kadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition College, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9676-7622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saulo Euclides","family":"Silva-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition College, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giannenas, I., Sidiropoulou, E., Bonos, E., Christaki, E., and Florou-Paneri, P. (2020). The History of Herbs, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, and Their Extracts. Feed Additives, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814700-9.00001-7"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2072","article-title":"Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Potentials of Essential Oils and Their Individual Volatile Constituents: A Review","volume":"21","author":"Edris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"291","article-title":"Essential Oils and Health","volume":"93","author":"Ramsey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Yale J. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2019.07.004","article-title":"Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Essential Oils and Extracts of Sweet Basil (Ocimum Basilicum L.) Plants","volume":"8","author":"Ahmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896314","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/896314","article-title":"Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivities of Cananga Odorata (Ylang-Ylang)","volume":"2015","author":"Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"E71","article-title":"Antiviral Activity of Cananga Odorata Against Hepatitis B Virus","volume":"65","author":"Indrasetiawan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kobe J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00335-4","article-title":"Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Studies on 45 Indian Medicinal Plants against Multi-Drug Resistant Human Pathogens","volume":"74","author":"Ahmad","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.08.011","article-title":"Antimalarial and Cytotoxic Activities of Ethnopharmacologically Selected Medicinal Plants from South Vietnam","volume":"109","author":"Tran","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2014.12.004","article-title":"Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Medicinal Plants Used by the Bentian Tribe from Indonesia","volume":"3","author":"Kusuma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"100","article-title":"Effect of Melaleuca Leucadendron, Cananga Odorata and Pogostemon Cablin Oil Odors on Human Physiological Responses","volume":"3","author":"Pujiarti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Wood Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-021-09797-7","article-title":"Seasonal variations of natural products in European herbs","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytochem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7204","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23208","article-title":"Inflammatory Responses and Inflammation-Associated Diseases in Organs","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03261.x","article-title":"Chronic Inflammation: Importance of NOD2 and NALP3 in Interleukin-1beta Generation","volume":"147","author":"Nielsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.022","article-title":"Pattern Recognition Receptors and Inflammation","volume":"140","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001357","article-title":"Effect of Vasopressors on the Macro- and Microcirculation During Systemic Inflammation in Humans In Vivo","volume":"53","author":"Stolk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-016-0560-6","article-title":"Key Mechanisms Governing Resolution of Lung Inflammation","volume":"38","author":"Robb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0910536","article-title":"Macrophage Phagocytosis of Neutrophils at Inflammatory\/Infectious Foci: A Cooperative Mechanism in the Control of Infection and Infectious Inflammation","volume":"89","author":"Silva","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.07.027","article-title":"Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Induces Proinflammatory Damage in Gastric Mucosa through NF-\u039aB Activation and Neutrophil Infiltration: Anti-Inflammatory Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 against Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug","volume":"65","author":"Bindu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2004.11.010","article-title":"Screening of Indonesian Medicinal Plants for Inhibitor Activity on Nitric Oxide Production of RAW264.7 Cells and Antioxidant Activity","volume":"76","author":"Choi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-014-0839-7","article-title":"Anethole and Eugenol Reduce in Vitro and in Vivo Leukocyte Migration Induced by FMLP, LTB4, and Carrageenan","volume":"68","author":"Kummer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1078\/094471102321621322","article-title":"Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Linalool and Linalyl Acetate Constituents of Essential Oils","volume":"9","author":"Peana","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"354","article-title":"Evaluation if Anti-inflammatory activity of Ethanolic Extract of Cananga odorata LAM in Experimental Animals","volume":"4","author":"Maniyar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Basic Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1002\/jhrc.1240160713","article-title":"HRGC and GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil from Colombian Ylang-Ylang (Cananga Odorata Hook Fil. et Thomson, Forma Genuina)","volume":"16","author":"Stashenko","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. High Resolut. Chromatogr."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X17500318","article-title":"Protective Effect of Cymbopogon Citratus Essential Oil in Experimental Model of Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury","volume":"45","author":"Uchida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.10.084","article-title":"Effect of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin) Essential Oil on in Vitro and in Vivo Leukocytes Behavior in Acute Inflammatory Response","volume":"84","author":"Wiirzler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413940","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1413940","article-title":"Effect of Lavender (Lavandula Angustifolia) Essential Oil on Acute Inflammatory Response","volume":"2018","author":"Cardia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784689","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/784689","article-title":"Effect of Estragole on Leukocyte Behavior and Phagocytic Activity of Macrophages","volume":"2014","author":"Wiirzler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"657026","article-title":"Effects of Thymol and Carvacrol, Constituents of Thymus Vulgaris L. Essential Oil, on the Inflammatory Response","volume":"2012","author":"Kummer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859083","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/859083","article-title":"Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Citrus Latifolia Tanaka Essential Oil and Limonene in Experimental Mouse Models","volume":"2013","author":"Kummer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7218","DOI":"10.1021\/jf101077s","article-title":"Antioxidant\/Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activities and Chemical Compositions of Selected Essential Oils","volume":"58","author":"Wei","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00635","article-title":"Oral Neutrophils Characterized: Chemotactic, Phagocytic, and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET) Formation Properties","volume":"10","author":"Moonen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4321","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.8.4321","article-title":"Kinase Pathways in Chemoattractant-Induced Degranulation of Neutrophils: The Role of P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activated by Src Family Kinases","volume":"164","author":"Jakus","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"183","article-title":"Preliminary Screening of Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Phytochemicals on Chemotaxis of Human Neutrophils","volume":"7","author":"Uthayashanker","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pharmacogn. Phyther."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2012.10.050","article-title":"Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Linalool in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Injury Model","volume":"180","author":"Huo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-12-077917","article-title":"The Phagocytes: Neutrophils and Monocytes","volume":"112","author":"Dale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-017-2748-z","article-title":"Neutrophils in the Lung: \u201cThe First Responders\u201d","volume":"371","author":"Aulakh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.02.025","article-title":"Designing Drug-Free Biodegradable Nanoparticles to Modulate Inflammatory Monocytes and Neutrophils for Ameliorating Inflammation","volume":"300","author":"Saito","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v7.i12.829","article-title":"Do Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Contribute to the Heightened Risk of Thrombosis in Inflammatory Diseases?","volume":"7","author":"Rao","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaba1474","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba1474","article-title":"Neutrophils Preferentially Phagocytose Elongated Particles\u2014An Opportunity for Selective Targeting in Acute Inflammatory Diseases","volume":"6","author":"Safari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.32725\/jab.2005.012","article-title":"Tea Tree Oil Inhalations Modify Immunity in Mice","volume":"3","author":"Golab","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Appl. Biomed."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109788","article-title":"Temporin L-Derived Peptide as a Regulator of the Acute Inflammatory Response in Zymosan-Induced Peritonitis","volume":"123","author":"Bellavita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1998.00644.x","article-title":"Role of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Regulation of Neutrophil Migration in Zymosan-Induced Inflammation","volume":"95","author":"Ajuebor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2007.09.002","article-title":"Signaling to NF-KappaB by Toll-like Receptors","volume":"13","author":"Kawai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.105706","article-title":"Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Linalool on Ovalbumin-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation","volume":"74","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21599","article-title":"Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase: Regulation, Structure, and Inhibition","volume":"40","author":"Cinelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-007-0013-x","article-title":"Role of Nitric Oxide in Inflammatory Diseases","volume":"15","author":"Sharma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-009-0092-9","article-title":"An Anti-Inflammatory Lectin from Luetzelburgia Auriculata Seeds Inhibits Adhesion and Rolling of Leukocytes and Modulates Histamine and PGE2 Action in Acute Inflammation Models","volume":"59","author":"Alencar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1186\/cc1853","article-title":"Science Review: Cell Membrane Expression (Connectivity) Regulates Neutrophil Delivery, Function and Clearance","volume":"7","author":"Seely","year":"2003","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117853","article-title":"Prevention of in Vitro Neutrophil-Endothelial Attachment through Shedding of L-Selectin by Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs","volume":"95","author":"Campanero","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(96)00241-X","article-title":"Diclofenac Inhibits Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression Induced with Lipopolysaccharide","volume":"58","author":"Sakai","year":"1996","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-010-0479-5","article-title":"Inhibitory Effects of Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) Essential Oil on Leukocyte Migration in Vivo and in Vitro","volume":"65","author":"Grespan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109347","article-title":"Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Potential Mechanism of Betulinic Acid on \u03bb-Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema in Mice","volume":"118","author":"Ou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.12.017","article-title":"Chemical Composition, Anti-Nociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oil of Bougainvillea Glabra","volume":"232","author":"Ogunwande","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113697","article-title":"Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Articular Effects of Essential Oil and Camphor Isolated from Ocimum Kilimandscharicum G\u00fcrke Leaves","volume":"269","author":"Arena","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2016.10.017","article-title":"The Anxiolytic Effect of Essential Oil of Cananga Odorata Exposure on Mice and Determination of Its Major Active Constituents","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.03.013","article-title":"Cananga Odorata Essential Oil Reverses the Anxiety Induced by 1-(3-Chlorophenyl) Piperazine through Regulating the MAPK Pathway and Serotonin System in Mice","volume":"219","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-019-01109-8","article-title":"Effect of (-)-\u03b1-Bisabolol on the Inflammatory Response in Systemic Infection Experimental Model in C57BL\/6 Mice","volume":"43","author":"Cavalcante","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(98)00083-1","article-title":"Assessing Mechanical Allodynia in the Rat Paw with a New Electronic Algometer","volume":"84","author":"Johansson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (2008). Guidelines for Testing of Chemical: Paris; Guideline 425: Acute Oral Toxicity\u2014Up-And-Down-Procedure (UDP) 27, Head of Publications Service, OECD."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.11.003","article-title":"Acute and Subacute Toxicity of the Aqueous Extract of Alibertia Edulis (Rich.) A. Rich. Ex DC. in Rats","volume":"194","author":"Menegati","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2017.10.005","article-title":"Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Aqueous Ethanolic Extract of Saccharum Munja Roxb. Roots in Albino Mice as per OECD 425 TG","volume":"4","author":"Saleem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"320","article-title":"A Hippocratic Screen for Pure or Crude Drug Materiais","volume":"25","author":"Malone","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod. Lloydia"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2014.10.026","article-title":"Acute and Subacute (28 Days) Oral Toxicity Assessment of the Oil Extracted from Acrocomia Aculeata Pulp in Rats","volume":"74","author":"Traesel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/27\/12\/3666\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:25:33Z","timestamp":1760138733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/27\/12\/3666"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules27123666"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules27123666","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]}}}