{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T23:16:42Z","timestamp":1792279002399,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,11]],"date-time":"2022-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zhengyang Zhao","award":["CARS-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-27"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The bagging of fruits provides efficient protection from high-intensity sunlight and improves fruit color and quality. However, bagged fruit suddenly exposed to bright light can cause sunburn and destroys the peel cell structure. In this study, fruits from ten-year-old apple trees of \u2018Gala\u2019 variety were debagged, and the effect of sunburn on fruits was divided into: (1) normal peels (BFN), (2) peels with albefaction (BFA), and (3) browning (BFB). The non-bagging fruits (NBF) were set as a control to study the physiological characteristics of apple fruits with different levels of sunburn. Our results showed that in the early stages of debagged fruits\u2019 sunburn, the cell structure of the peel was partially destroyed, the color of the injured fruit surface turned white, and the peroxidation in the cell membrane of the peel increased. Initially, the fruit improved its photosynthetic protection ability, and the activity of antioxidants and phenolics was enhanced, to cope with external injury. However, with the increase in duration of high-intensity sunlight, the cell structure of the peel was severely damaged, and the increase in membrane peroxidation resulted in brown coloration of fruits. Under the same conditions, the photoprotection ability and antioxidant enzyme activity of non-bagged fruits showed higher levels. In conclusion, the non-bagged fruits were more adaptable to high-intensity sunlight as compared to debagged fruits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27123775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,12]],"date-time":"2022-06-12T22:37:20Z","timestamp":1655073440000},"page":"3775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Physiological Characteristics of Sunburn Peel after Apple Debagged"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yifeng","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongjian","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiufang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4699","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b07107","article-title":"Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses provide new insights into the apple fruit quality decline during long-term cold storage","volume":"68","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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