{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T07:48:32Z","timestamp":1781250512454,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the Source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["\u00daNKP-20-3-II"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP-20-3-II"]}]},{"name":"New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the Source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["TKP2021-EGA-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-21"]}]},{"name":"New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the Source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["TKP2021-EGA-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-13"]}]},{"name":"T\u00e9mater\u00fcleti Kiv\u00e1l\u00f3s\u00e1gi Program, Hungary","award":["\u00daNKP-20-3-II"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP-20-3-II"]}]},{"name":"T\u00e9mater\u00fcleti Kiv\u00e1l\u00f3s\u00e1gi Program, Hungary","award":["TKP2021-EGA-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-21"]}]},{"name":"T\u00e9mater\u00fcleti Kiv\u00e1l\u00f3s\u00e1gi Program, Hungary","award":["TKP2021-EGA-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-13"]}]},{"name":"T\u00e9mater\u00fcleti Kiv\u00e1l\u00f3s\u00e1gi Program, Hungary","award":["\u00daNKP-20-3-II"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP-20-3-II"]}]},{"name":"T\u00e9mater\u00fcleti Kiv\u00e1l\u00f3s\u00e1gi Program, Hungary","award":["TKP2021-EGA-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-21"]}]},{"name":"T\u00e9mater\u00fcleti Kiv\u00e1l\u00f3s\u00e1gi Program, Hungary","award":["TKP2021-EGA-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-13"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Scots pine (SO) and clove (CO) essential oils (EOs) are commonly used by inhalation, and their main components are shown to reduce inflammatory mediator production. The aim of our research was to investigate the chemical composition of commercially available SO and CO by gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry and study their effects on airway functions and inflammation in an acute pneumonitis mouse model. Inflammation was evoked by intratracheal endotoxin and EOs were inhaled three times during the 24 h experimental period. Respiratory function was analyzed by unrestrained whole-body plethysmography, lung inflammation by semiquantitative histopathological scoring, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and cytokine measurements. \u03b1-Pinene (39.4%) was the main component in SO, and eugenol (88.6%) in CO. Both SO and CO significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, and prevented peak expiratory flow, tidal volume increases and perivascular edema formation. Meanwhile, inflammatory cell infiltration was not remarkably affected. In contrast, MPO activity and several inflammatory cytokines (IL-1\u03b2, KC, MCP-1, MIP-2, TNF-\u03b1) were aggravated by both EOs. This is the first evidence that SO and CO inhalation improve airway function, but enhance certain inflammatory parameters. These results suggest that these EOs should be used with caution in cases of inflammation-associated respiratory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27123868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T05:25:11Z","timestamp":1655443511000},"page":"3868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pinus sylvestris L. and Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. &amp; L. M. Perry Essential Oils Inhibit Endotoxin-Induced Airway Hyperreactivity despite Aggravated Inflammatory Mechanisms in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Eszter","family":"Csik\u00f3s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kata","family":"Csek\u0151","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"},{"name":"Szent\u00e1gothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1gnes","family":"Kem\u00e9ny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"},{"name":"Szent\u00e1gothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilla","family":"Drask\u00f3czi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"},{"name":"Szent\u00e1gothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Kereskai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9la","family":"Kocsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"B\u00f6sz\u00f6rm\u00e9nyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Helyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"},{"name":"Szent\u00e1gothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"},{"name":"PharmInVivo Ltd., H-7629 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5344-0294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gy\u00f6rgyi","family":"Horv\u00e1th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, February 25). 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