{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:00:54Z","timestamp":1792040454313,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"American University of Beirut"},{"name":"University of Petra"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ziziphus nummularia, a small bush of the Rhamnaceae family, has been widely used in traditional folk medicine, is rich in bioactive molecules, and has many reported pharmacological and therapeutic properties. Objective: To gather the current knowledge related to the medicinal characteristics of Z. nummularia. Specifically, its phytochemical contents and pharmacological activities in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, are discussed. Methods: Major scientific literature databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Chemical Abstracts, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Abstracts, Henriette\u2019s Herbal Homepage, Dr. Duke\u2019s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, were searched to retrieve articles related to the review subject. General web searches using Google and Google scholar were also utilized. The search period covered articles published between 1980 and the end of October 2021.The search used the keywords \u2018Ziziphus nummularia\u2019, AND (\u2018phytochemical content\u2019, \u2018pharmacological properties, or activities, or effects, or roles\u2019, \u2018anti-inflammatory\u2019, \u2018anti-drought\u2019, \u2018anti-thermal\u2019, \u2018anthelmintic\u2019, \u2018antidiabetic\u2019,\u2019 anticancer\u2019, \u2018anticholinesterase\u2019, \u2018antimicrobial\u2019, \u2018sedative\u2019, \u2018antipyretic\u2019, \u2018analgesic\u2019, or \u2018gastrointestinal\u2019). Results: This plant is rich in characteristic alkaloids, especially cyclopeptide alkaloids such as nummularine-M. Other phytochemicals, including flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, tannins, and phenolic compounds, are also present. These phytochemicals are responsible for the reported pharmacological properties of Z. nummularia, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, anticancer, analgesic, and gastrointestinal activities. In addition, Z. nummularia has anti-drought and anti-thermal characteristics. Conclusion: Research into the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Z. nummularia has demonstrated that this plant is a rich source of novel bioactive compounds. So far, Z. nummularia has shown a varied pharmacological profile (antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective), warranting further research to uncover the therapeutic potential of the bioactives of this plant. Taken together, Z. nummularia may represent a new potential target for the discovery of new drug leads.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27134240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:21:50Z","timestamp":1656634910000},"page":"4240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Ziziphus nummularia: A Comprehensive Review of Its Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Joelle","family":"Mesmar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, American University of Beirut,  Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8183-7555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rola","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, American University of Beirut,  Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adnan","family":"Badran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, University of Petra, Amman 961343, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3585-4765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Maresca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13013 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3524-7962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Shaito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Center, College of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences at College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. 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