{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T03:35:00Z","timestamp":1788233700832,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior-Brasil","award":["88887.571985\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.571985\/2020-00"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior-Brasil","award":["PID2021-122398OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-122398OB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n-Spanish Government","award":["88887.571985\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.571985\/2020-00"]}]},{"name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n-Spanish Government","award":["PID2021-122398OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-122398OB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n-Spanish Government for a FPI","award":["88887.571985\/2020-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.571985\/2020-00"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n-Spanish Government for a FPI","award":["PID2021-122398OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-122398OB-I00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Four commercial immobilized lipases biocatalysts have been submitted to modifications with different metal (zinc, cobalt or copper) phosphates to check the effects of this modification on enzyme features. The lipase preparations were Lipozyme\u00aeTL (TLL-IM) (lipase from Thermomyces lanuginose), Lipozyme\u00ae435 (L435) (lipase B from Candida antarctica), Lipozyme\u00aeRM (RML-IM), and LipuraSelect (LS-IM) (both from lipase from Rhizomucor miehei). The modifications greatly altered enzyme specificity, increasing the activity versus some substrates (e.g., TLL-IM modified with zinc phosphate in hydrolysis of triacetin) while decreasing the activity versus other substrates (the same preparation in activity versus R- or S- methyl mandelate). Enantiospecificity was also drastically altered after these modifications, e.g., LS-IM increased the activity versus the R isomer while decreasing the activity versus the S isomer when treated with copper phosphate. Regarding the enzyme stability, it was significantly improved using octyl-agarose-lipases. Using all these commercial biocatalysts, no significant positive effects were found; in fact, a decrease in enzyme stability was usually detected. The results point towards the possibility of a battery of biocatalysts, including many different metal phosphates and immobilization protocols, being a good opportunity to tune enzyme features, increasing the possibilities of having biocatalysts that may be suitable for a specific process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27144486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T00:12:40Z","timestamp":1657757560000},"page":"4486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Tuning Immobilized Commercial Lipase Preparations Features by Simple Treatment with Metallic Phosphate Salts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7559-2782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 R.","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biocat\u00e1lisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Laboratory of Enzyme Technologies (LabEnz), Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos (DEQ\/UFSCar), Rod. Washington Lu\u00eds, km 235, S\u00e3o Carlos 13565-905, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2649-7759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Carballares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biocat\u00e1lisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5011-9881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo W.","family":"Tardioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Enzyme Technologies (LabEnz), Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos (DEQ\/UFSCar), Rod. 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