{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T01:36:32Z","timestamp":1771032992792,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The current work examined the pharmacological potential of a selected flavanone derivative 2-hydroxyflavanone as a promising remedy for the treatment and management of pain. The selected flavanone derivative (2-HF) was evaluated for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory potentials following standard pharmacological protocols including hot plate, acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion tests. Naloxone and pentylenetetrazol were used to evaluate the potential implication of GABAergic and opioidergic mechanisms. The anti-inflammatory potential of 2-HF was confirmed using carrageenan-, serotonin- and histamine-induced paw edema models as well as a xylene-induced ear edema model. Furthermore, the anti-neuropathic potential of 2-HF was tested using a cisplatin-induced neuropathic pain model. Our sample, at the tested concentrations of 15, 30 and 45 mg kg\u22121, showed considerable analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects, as well as efficacy against neuropathic pain. Naloxone and pentylenetetrazol at 1 and 15 mg kg\u22121 antagonized the anti-nociceptive activities of 2-hydroxyflavanone indicating the involvement of opioidergic and GABAergic mechanisms. In the static allodynia model, combination of gabapentin 75 mg kg\u22121 with 2-HF at 15, 30, 45 mg kg\u22121 doses exhibited considerable efficacy. In cold allodynia, 2-hydroxyflavanone, at doses of 15, 30 and 45 mg kg\u22121 and in combination with gabapentin (75 mg kg\u22121), demonstrated prominent anti-allodynic effects. The paw withdrawal latency was considerably increased in gabapentin + cisplatin treated groups. Moreover, cisplatin + 2-hydroxyflavanone 15, 30, 45 mg kg\u22121 showed increases in paw withdrawal latency. Likewise, considerable efficacy was observed for 2-hydroxyflavanone in thermal hyperalgesia and dynamic allodynia models. Our findings suggest that 2-hydroxyflavanone is a potential remedy for pain syndrome, possibly mediated through opioidergic and GABAergic mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27175431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T02:04:32Z","timestamp":1661479472000},"page":"5431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Efficacy of 2-Hydroxyflavanone in Rodent Models of Pain and Inflammation: Involvement of Opioidergic and GABAergic Anti-Nociceptive Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Faiz Ali","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9749-0645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gowhar","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khista","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yahya","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4299-2445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ayaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5052-7116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osama F.","family":"Mosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 24231, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Bukhara State Medical Institute Named after Abu Ali Ibn Sino, Bukhara 281403, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0202-6186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asif","family":"Nawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5188-6540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Shams ul","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"},{"name":"Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3236-1292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Bungau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.18.2470","article-title":"A capsule history of pain management","volume":"290","author":"Meldrum","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1038\/nn942","article-title":"Can we conquer pain?","volume":"5","author":"Scholz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. 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