{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T12:05:50Z","timestamp":1788264350939,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Higher Education Commission (HEC)","award":["2016A020210066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016A020210066"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Commission (HEC)","award":["201707010461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201707010461"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Commission (HEC)","award":["2020KJ115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020KJ115"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Commission (HEC)","award":["2021KJ115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021KJ115"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong science and technology planning project","award":["2016A020210066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016A020210066"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong science and technology planning project","award":["201707010461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201707010461"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong science and technology planning project","award":["2020KJ115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020KJ115"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong science and technology planning project","award":["2021KJ115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021KJ115"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou science and technology planning project","award":["2016A020210066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016A020210066"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou science and technology planning project","award":["201707010461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201707010461"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou science and technology planning project","award":["2020KJ115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020KJ115"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou science and technology planning project","award":["2021KJ115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021KJ115"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Project","award":["2016A020210066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016A020210066"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Project","award":["201707010461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201707010461"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Project","award":["2020KJ115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020KJ115"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Project","award":["2021KJ115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021KJ115"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Protein corona composition and precise physiological understanding of differentially expressed proteins are key for identifying disease biomarkers. In this report, we presented a distinctive quantitative proteomics table of molecular cell signaling differentially expressed proteins of corona that formed on iron carbide nanoparticles (NPs). High-performance liquid chromatography\/electrospray ionization coupled with ion trap mass analyzer (HPLC\/ESI-Orbitrap) and MASCOT helped quantify 142 differentially expressed proteins. Among these proteins, 104 proteins showed upregulated behavior and 38 proteins were downregulated with respect to the control, whereas 48, 32 and 24 proteins were upregulated and 8, 9 and 21 were downregulated CW (control with unmodified NPs), CY (control with modified NPs) and WY (modified and unmodified NPs), respectively. These proteins were further categorized on behalf of their regularity, locality, molecular functionality and molecular masses using gene ontology (GO). A STRING analysis was used to target the specific range of proteins involved in metabolic pathways and molecular processing in different kinds of binding functionalities, such as RNA, DNA, ATP, ADP, GTP, GDP and calcium ion bindings. Thus, this study will help develop efficient protocols for the identification of latent biomarkers in early disease detection using protein fingerprints.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27185754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T01:51:57Z","timestamp":1662515517000},"page":"5754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Trident Nano-Indexing the Proteomics Table: Next-Version Clustering of Iron Carbide NPs and Protein Corona"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7715-9173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murtaza","family":"Hasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayesha","family":"Zafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryum","family":"Jabbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuba","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmeen","family":"Manzoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3217-9688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Mahmood","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7915-6910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahbaz Gul","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xugang","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8340-1058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasir","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, RMIT University, Victoria 3000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.01.004","article-title":"Protein Biomarkers for COPD Outcomes","volume":"159","author":"Serban","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-016-1375-4","article-title":"Biocompatibility of iron carbide and detection of metals ions signaling proteomic analysis via HPLC\/ESI-Orbitrap","volume":"10","author":"Hasan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbsr.2020.100362","article-title":"Protein based biomarkers for non-invasive COVID-19 detection","volume":"29","author":"Kaur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sens. 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