{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:39:18Z","timestamp":1787164758150,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,11]],"date-time":"2022-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21904117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21904117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LY19B050008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY19B050008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["21904117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21904117"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LY19B050008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY19B050008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A facile and highly sensitive determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is of great significance for the early diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of prostate cancer. In this work, a disposable and label-free electrochemical immunosensing platform was demonstrated based on chitosan\u2013graphene-modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode, which enables sensitive amperometric determination of PSA. Chitosan (CS) modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite (CS\u2013rGO) was easily synthesized by the chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) using CS as a dispersant and biofunctionalizing agent. When CS\u2013rGO was modified on the patterned ITO, CS offered high biocompatibility and reactive groups for the immobilization of recognition antibodies and rGO acted as a transduction element and enhancer to improve the electronic conductivity and stability of the CS\u2013rGO composite film. The affinity-based biosensing interface was constructed by covalent immobilization of a specific polyclonal anti-PSA antibody (Ab) on the amino-enriched electrode surface via a facile glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linking method, which was followed by the use of bovine serum albumin to block the non-specific sites. The immunosensor allowed the detection of PSA in a wide range from 1 to 5 ng mL\u22121 with a low limit of detection of 0.8 pg mL\u22121. This sensor also exhibited high selectivity, reproducibility, and good storage stability. The application of the prepared immunosensor was successfully validated by measuring PSA in spiked human serum samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27185895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T01:44:03Z","timestamp":1663033443000},"page":"5895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Disposable Amperometric Label-Free Immunosensor on Chitosan\u2013Graphene-Modified Patterned ITO Electrodes for Prostate Specific Antigen"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China"},{"name":"Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8564-8911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fengna","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2022.132009","article-title":"Screening of peptide selectively recognizing prostate-specific antigen and its application in detecting total prostate-specific antigen","volume":"367","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sens. 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