{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:55:26Z","timestamp":1778219726898,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This present study aimed to delineate Rumex hastatus D. Don crude extract (Rh.Cr), n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, aqueous fractions (Rh.n-Hex, Rh.ETAC, Rh.Aq) and rutin for antidiarrheal, antisecretory effects, anti-spasmodic, gastrointestinal transient time, anti H. pylori, antiulcer effects, and toxicology. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of Rumex hastatus showed different phytoconstituents and shows different peaks in GC-MC chromatogram. Rumex hastatus crude extract (Rh.Cr), fractions, and rutin attributed dose-dependent (50\u2013300 mg\/kg) protection (0\u2013100%) against castor oil-induced diarrhea and dose-dependently inhibited intestinal fluid secretions in mice. They decreased the distance traversed by charcoal in the gastrointestinal transit model in rats. In rabbit jejunum preparations, Rh.Cr and Rh.ETAC caused a concentration-dependent relaxation of both spontaneous and K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions at a similar concentration range, whereas Rh.n-Hex, rutin, and verapamil were relatively potent against K+-induced contractions and shifted the Ca2+ concentration\u2013response curves (CRCs) to the right, Rh.Cr (0.3\u20131 mg\/mL) and Rh.ETAC (0.1\u20130.3 mg\/mL) shifted the isoprenaline-induced inhibitory CRCs to the left. Rh.n-Hex, Rh.ETAC and rutin showed anti-H. pylori effect, also shows an inhibitory effect against H+\/K+-ATPase. Rumex hastatus showed gastroprotective and antioxidant effects. Histopathological evaluation showed improvement in cellular architecture and a decrease in the expression of inflammatory markers such as, cyclooxygenase (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor (TN,F-\u03b1) and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B (p-NF\u0199B), validated through immunohistochemistry and ELISA techniques. In RT-PCR it decreases H+\/K+-ATPase mRNA levels. Rumex hastatus was found to be safe to consume up to a dose of 2000 mg\/kg in a comprehensive toxicity profile. Docking studies revealed that rutin against H+\/K+-ATPase pump and voltage-gated L-type calcium channel showed E-values of \u22128.7 and \u22129.4 Kcal\/mol, respectively. MD simulations Molecular Mechanics Poisson Boltzmann surface area and molecular mechanics Generalized Born surface area (MMPBSA\/GBSA) findings are consistent with the in-vitro, in-vivo and docking results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27185919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T01:44:03Z","timestamp":1663033443000},"page":"5919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Pharmacological Basis of Rumex hastatus D. Don in Gastrointestinal Diseases with Focusing Effects on H+\/K+-ATPase, Calcium Channels Inhibition and PDE Mediated Signaling: Toxicological Evaluation on Vital Organs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Neelum Gul","family":"Qazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9627-2726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arif-ullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4998-937X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumra Wajid","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nums Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Punjab 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5415-2179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fawad Ali","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7703-9443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faisal","family":"Rasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BreathMAT Lab., Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fawad","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5188-6540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Shams ul","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"},{"name":"Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3236-1292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Bungau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2021.112850","article-title":"Guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids from Cinnamomum migao H. 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