{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:06:56Z","timestamp":1791356816119,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":226,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Maintaining healthy skin is important for a healthy body. At present, skin diseases are numerous, representing a major health problem affecting all ages from neonates to the elderly worldwide. Many people may develop diseases that affect the skin, including cancer, herpes, and cellulitis. Long-term conventional treatment creates complicated disorders in vital organs of the body. It also imposes socioeconomic burdens on patients. Natural treatment is cheap and claimed to be safe. The use of plants is as old as mankind. Many medicinal plants and their parts are frequently used to treat these diseases, and they are also suitable raw materials for the production of new synthetic agents. A review of some plant families, viz., Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, etc., used in the treatment of skin diseases is provided with their most common compounds and in silico studies that summarize the recent data that have been collected in this area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27196207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T05:33:14Z","timestamp":1663824794000},"page":"6207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Herbal Arsenal against Skin Ailments: A Review Supported by In Silico Molecular Docking Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7445-963X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdel Nasser B.","family":"Singab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt"},{"name":"Center of Drug Discovery and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1602-2725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nada M.","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iten M.","family":"Fawzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepika","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pooja Tanaji","family":"Suryawanshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2890-1575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atul","family":"Kabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"826","article-title":"Ethno-botanical studies of medicinal plants of Dinga, District Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan","volume":"26","author":"Parvaiz","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Appl. Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2015.1114938","article-title":"Cytotoxic Activity and Molecular Docking of A Novel Biflavonoid Isolated from Jacaranda acutifolia (Bignoniaceae)","volume":"30","author":"Mostafa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2019.1667877","article-title":"GC\/MS Analysis and Molecular Profiling of Lemon Volatile Oil against Breast Cancer","volume":"22","author":"Ashmawy","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plants"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-7847.125531","article-title":"Plants used to treat skin diseases","volume":"8","author":"Tabassum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacogn Rev."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12359.x","article-title":"Barrier function of the skin: \u201cla raison d\u2019etre\u201d of the epidermis","volume":"121","author":"Madison","year":"2003","journal-title":"JID"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Day, R.O., and Snowden, L. (2016). Where to find information about drugs. Aust. Prescr., 3."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"65","article-title":"Medicinal plants used in cure of skin diseases","volume":"7","author":"Verma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Appl. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-019-2605-6","article-title":"An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used to treat skin diseases in northern Pakistan","volume":"19","author":"Malik","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.06.009","article-title":"Sacha Inchi Oil (Plukenetiavolubilis L), effect on adherence of Staphylococus aureus to human skin explant and keratinocytes in vitro","volume":"171","author":"Belkhelfa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Hay, R., Bendeck, S.E., Chen, S., Estrada, R., Haddix, A., McLeod, T., and Mah\u00e9, A. (2006). Skin Diseases. Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, Oxford University Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000495290","article-title":"A review of scabies: An infestation more than skin deep","volume":"235","author":"Chandler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.5897\/JMPR2015.5831","article-title":"A review of four common medicinal plants used to treat eczema","volume":"9","author":"Zari","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Plant. Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nasri, H., Bahmani, M., Shahinfard, N., Nafchi, A.M., Saberianpour, S., and Kopaei, M.R. (2015). Medicinal plants for the treatment of acne vulgaris: A review of recent evidences. Jundishapur J. Microbiol., 8.","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.25580"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13681","article-title":"Is hormonal treatment still an option in acne today","volume":"172","author":"Bettoli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-115177","article-title":"Topically used herbal products for the treatment of psoriasis\u2013mechanism of action, drug delivery, clinical studies","volume":"82","author":"Herman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Planta Medica."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.31024\/ajpp.2018.4.4.5","article-title":"Skin cancer and role of herbal medicines","volume":"4","author":"Chauhan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-014-1474-6","article-title":"Medicinal plants and their natural components as future drugs for the treatment of burn wounds: An integrative review","volume":"306","author":"Bahramsoltani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1992.tb00100.x","article-title":"A comparative study of gluconolactone versus benzoyl peroxide in the treatment of acne","volume":"33","author":"Hunt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Aust. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"171","article-title":"Phytochemicals, Traditional Uses. \u201cProcessing of Aconitum Species in Nepal","volume":"12","author":"Sajan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nepal J. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"90","article-title":"Plant review: Butea monosperma","volume":"2","author":"Sindhia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Clin."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1248\/jhs.49.444","article-title":"Sub-chronic toxicity studies of the aqueous extract of Boerhaviadiffusa leaves","volume":"49","author":"Orisakwe","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. HEALTH Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(01)00323-3","article-title":"Clinical trials of ayurvedic formulations in the treatment of acne vulgaris","volume":"78","author":"Lalla","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"297","article-title":"Medical nutrition therapy as a potential complementary treatment for psoriasis-five case reports","volume":"9","author":"Brown","year":"2004","journal-title":"Alt. Med. Rev."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2014.01.002","article-title":"Antioxidant mediated ameliorative steroidogenesis by Commelinabenghalensis L. and Cissus quadrangularis L. against quinalphos induced male reproductive toxicity","volume":"109","author":"Kokilavani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1603\/ME11060","article-title":"Contact and fumigant toxicity of Cyperus rotundus steam distillate constituents and related compounds to insecticide-susceptible and-resistant Blattella germanica","volume":"49","author":"Chang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singhal, M., and Kansara, N. (2012). Cassia tora Linn cream inhibits ultraviolet-B-induced psoriasis in rats. Int. Sch. Res. Notices., 2012.","DOI":"10.5402\/2012\/346510"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(86)70201-6","article-title":"Effects of topically applied capsaicin on moderate and severe psoriasis vulgaris","volume":"15","author":"Bernstein","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1177\/039463200802100427","article-title":"Antimicrobial property of a herbal preparation containing Dalbergia sissoo and Datura stramonium with cow urine against pathogenic bacteria","volume":"21","author":"Yadav","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"1527","article-title":"A review on phytochemical and pharmacological of Eucalyptus globulus: A multipurpose tree","volume":"2","author":"Hardel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"3210","article-title":"Screening of some plant extracts against some skin diseases caused by oxidative stress and microorganisms","volume":"9","author":"Chanda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"27","article-title":"Ethnomedicinal plants used against skin diseases in some villages of Kali Gandaki, Bagmati and TadiLikhu watersheds of Nepal","volume":"2007","author":"Joshi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ethnobot. Leafl."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.11.017","article-title":"Cytotoxic phenylpropanoid glycosides from Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn","volume":"132","author":"Zheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8298","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules18078298","article-title":"The genus Gnaphalium L.(Compositae): Phytochemical and pharmacological characteristics","volume":"18","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2004.08.004","article-title":"Toxicity studies on western juniper oil (Juniperus occidentalis) and Port-Orford-cedar oil (Chamaecyparislawsoniana) extracts utilizing local lymph node and acute dermal irritation assays","volume":"154","author":"Craig","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tox. Lett."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"249","article-title":"Evaluation of efficacy & safety of Acne-N-Pimple cream in acne vulgaris","volume":"101","author":"Ravichandran","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antiseptic"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.37483\/JCP.2016.3201","article-title":"A Review on Marsilea Quadrifolia L.\u2014A Medicinally Important Plant","volume":"3","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.Compr. Phar."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/00045391-200603000-00007","article-title":"Treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis with Relieva, a Mahonia aquifolium extract\u2014a double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"13","author":"Bernstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Ther."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"573","article-title":"Broad Polyphyly in Pleurospermum s. l. (Umbelliferae-Apioideae) as Inferred from rDNA ITS & Chloroplast Sequences","volume":"37","author":"Terentieva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. Soc. Plant. Taxon."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"85","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of extracts of Pinus roxburghiiSarg","volume":"35","author":"Parihar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bangladesh J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.10.041","article-title":"A review on biological, nutraceutical & clinical aspects of French maritime pine bark extract","volume":"133","author":"Maimoona","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3079","article-title":"Ethyl acetate fraction of the root of Rubia cordifolia L. inhibits keratinocyte proliferation in vitro & promotes keratinocyte differentiation in vivo: Potential application for psoriasis treatment","volume":"24","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"56","article-title":"Efect of Solanum nigrum & Ricinus communis extracts on histamine & carrageenan-induced infammation in the chicken skin","volume":"9","author":"Lomash","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"555","article-title":"Studies on the chemical constituents of Solanum nigrum","volume":"33","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Mater."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"25","article-title":"Simmondsia chinensis (Jojoba): A comprehensive pharmacognostic study","volume":"2","author":"Ashour","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1080\/14756360701505336","article-title":"Antifungal & antibacterial activities of Taxus wallichiana Zucc","volume":"23","author":"Nisar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Enzym. Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.4103\/0257-7941.131984","article-title":"Study of wound healing activity of Tectona grandis Linn. leaf extract on rats","volume":"32","author":"Varma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anc. Sci. Life"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"181","article-title":"An Overview of Tectona grandis: Chemistry & Pharmacological Profile","volume":"3","author":"Goswami","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phcog. Rev."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"176","article-title":"Anti-psoriatic & phytochemical evaluation of Thespesia populnea bark extracts","volume":"1","author":"Shrivastav","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"73","article-title":"Screening of Wrightia tinctoria leaves for anti psoriatic activity","volume":"4","author":"Raj","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hygeia J. Drug Med."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1080\/09735070.2009.11886333","article-title":"Ethno-medicinal plants used to cure different diseases by tribals of Mayurbhanj district of North Orissa","volume":"3","author":"Rout","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stud. Ethno-Med."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"43","article-title":"Antiinflammatory activities of colloidal oatmeal (Avena sativa) contribute to the effectiveness of oats in treatment of itch associated with dry, irritated skin","volume":"14","author":"MenasKizoulis","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Drugs Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"70","article-title":"The healing effect of arnebiaeuchroma in second degree burn wounds in rat as an animal model","volume":"14","author":"Imanieh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran. Red Crescent Med. J."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2011005000183","article-title":"Healing potential of Iranian traditional medicinal plants on burn wounds in alloxan-induced diabetic rats","volume":"22","author":"Pirbalouti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Farmacogn."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2009.04.021","article-title":"Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit), a new drug for enzymatic debridement of acute burn wounds","volume":"36","author":"Hafezi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3923\/ajps.2011.108.116","article-title":"Aristolochia indica L.: A review","volume":"10","author":"Dey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian J. Plant. Sci."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Healing acne with medicinal plants: An overview","volume":"2","author":"Sundriyal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inventi J. (P) Ltd."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"3","article-title":"The effect of aloe vera gel\/mild soap versus mild soap alone in preventing skin reactions in patients undergoing radiation therapy","volume":"28","author":"Olsen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oncol. Nurs. Forum."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"270","article-title":"Comparative testing of Kamillosan cream & steroidal (0.25% hydrocortisone, 0.75% fluocortin butyl ester) & non-steroidal (5% bufexamac) dermatologic agents in maintenance therapy of eczematous diseases","volume":"60","author":"Aertgeerts","year":"1985","journal-title":"Z. Fur Hautkrankh."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"171","article-title":"Proof of efficacy of Kamillosan(R)cream in atopic eczema","volume":"5","author":"PatzeltWenczler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735411413264","article-title":"Chemoprevention of two stage skin cancer in vivo by Saracaasoca","volume":"11","author":"Cibin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Integr. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"Dermarderosian, A. (2001). The Review of Natural Products, Kluver."},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"49","article-title":"Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activity & Total Phenolic Content within the Aerial Parts of Artemisia absinthum, Artemisia santonicum & Saponaria officinalis","volume":"10","author":"Sengul","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.3923\/javaa.2009.907.911","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological evaluations of efficacy of combination of natural honey and yarrow on repair process of experimental burn wound","volume":"8","author":"Tajik","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Anim. Vet. Adv."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barua, C.C., Talukdar, A., Begum, S.A., Buragohain, B., Roy, J.D., Pathak, D.C., Sarma, D.K., Gupta, A.K., and Bora, R.S. (2012). Effect of Alternanthera brasiliana (L) Kuntze on healing of dermal burn wound. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 56\u201360.","DOI":"10.5402\/2012\/948792"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(03)00236-4","article-title":"Protective effect of aqueous garlic extract against oxidative organ damage in a rat model of thermal injury","volume":"73","year":"2003","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"362","article-title":"The effects of aloe extract on nitric oxide and endothelin levels in deep-partial thickness burn wound tissue in rat. Zhonghua shao shang za zhi= Zhonghuashaoshangzazhi","volume":"22","author":"Lv","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chin. J. Burns"},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"84","article-title":"A review on: Abelmoschus esculentus","volume":"1","author":"Jain","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacia"},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"827","article-title":"Phytochemical and pharmacological review profile of Adiantum venustum","volume":"3","author":"Mubashir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharmtech Res."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2013005000021","article-title":"Argemone mexicana: Chemical and pharmacological aspects","volume":"23","author":"Brahmachari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Farmacogn."},{"key":"ref_70","first-page":"481","article-title":"The effect of Alkanna tinctoria Tausch on burn wound healing in rabbits","volume":"109","author":"Ogurtan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. BERL."},{"key":"ref_71","first-page":"219","article-title":"The effects of Brassica oleraceae var capitata on epidermal glutathione and lipid peroxides in DMBA-initiated-TPA-promoted mice","volume":"20","author":"Isbir","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"2346","article-title":"Berberis lyciumRoyle: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology","volume":"6","author":"Arham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"15","article-title":"Bioactivity evaluation of Bergenia ciliata","volume":"15","author":"Islam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"2153","article-title":"Simultaneous Quantification of Bergenin,(+)-Catechin, Gallicin and Gallic acid; and quantification of \u03b2-Sitosterol using HPTLC from Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. Forma ligulata Yeo (Pasanbheda)","volume":"104","author":"Dharmender","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharm. Anal. Acta 1."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.12.004","article-title":"Antiurolithic effect of Bergenia ligulata rhizome: An explanation of the underlying mechanisms","volume":"122","author":"Bashir","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.4103\/0250-474X.62250","article-title":"Evaluation of wound healing potential of Bauhinia purpurea leaf extracts in rats","volume":"72","author":"Ananth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"30","article-title":"Preliminary phytochemical and pharmacognostical evaluation of Carissa spinarum leaves","volume":"3","author":"Rose","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian J. Pharm. Tech."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2009.11.010","article-title":"Characterization and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of industrial hemp varieties (Cannabis sativa L.)","volume":"81","author":"Nissen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fitoterapia."},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"511","article-title":"Aqueous extract of Capparis decidua in acute toxicity effects of the rat by use of toothache reliever activity","volume":"3","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacologyonline"},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"157","article-title":"Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Investigation of the Leaves of Carica papaya L., Cynodondactylon (L.) Pers., Euphorbia hirta L., Melia azedarach L. and Psidium guajava L.","volume":"2008","author":"Suresh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ethnobot. Leafl."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"161","article-title":"Evaluation of wound healing potential of Cynodondactylon","volume":"5","author":"Dande","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7613.43159","article-title":"Burn wound healing property of Cocos nucifera: An appraisal","volume":"40","author":"Srivastava","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"577","article-title":"Physicochemical and phytochemical analysis of Euphorbia helioscopia (L.)","volume":"27","author":"Saleem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1021\/np0706163","article-title":"Cytotoxic diterpenoids from Euphorbia helioscopia","volume":"71","author":"Lu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"775","article-title":"Ferulafoetida \u201cHing\u201d: A review","volume":"3","author":"Kareparamban","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res. J. Pharm. Biol. Chem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"53","article-title":"Medicinal potency of Ficus benghalensis: A review","volume":"4","author":"Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Chem. Anal."},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"171","article-title":"Postharvest life of cut gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) as affected by nano-silver particles and calcium chloride","volume":"1","author":"Geshnizjany","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Hortic. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"1739","article-title":"Chemical constituents and medical importance of Galium aparine\u2014A review","volume":"5","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indo Am. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_89","first-page":"346","article-title":"Chemical composition of Persea americana leaf, fruit and seed","volume":"11","author":"Arukwe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ijrras"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.2012.00877.x","article-title":"The evaluation of the clinical effect of topical St Johns wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) in plaque type psoriasis vulgaris: A pilot study","volume":"53","author":"Najafizadeh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aust. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/0717-6287-47-57","article-title":"Phytochemical and toxicological investigations of crude methanolic extracts, subsequent fractions and crude saponins of Isodonrugosus","volume":"47","author":"Zeb","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bio. Res."},{"key":"ref_92","first-page":"89","article-title":"In-vitro antimicrobial activities of extracts of Launaea procumbens roxb.(Labiateae), Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae) & Cyperus rotundus l. (Cyperaceae)","volume":"9","author":"Parekh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"ref_93","first-page":"1","article-title":"An evaluation of the antibacterial & antifungal activity of leaf extracts of Momordica charantia against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus & Escherichia coli","volume":"6","author":"Jagessar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s40009-012-0029-7","article-title":"Pharmaco-phylogenetic investigation of Micromeriabiflora Benth & Citrus reticulata Blanco","volume":"35","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(97)00296-3","article-title":"Flavonoltriglycosides from seeds of Nigella sativa","volume":"46","author":"Merfort","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.2006.01417.x","article-title":"Nutritional value, functional properties & nutraceutical applications of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.): An overview","volume":"42","author":"Ramadan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3433","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(88)80744-1","article-title":"Structure & antibacterial activity of plantamajoside, a caffeic acid sugar ester from Plantago major subs major","volume":"27","author":"Ravn","year":"1988","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.111.178616","article-title":"Gene discovery & tissue-specific transcriptome analysis in chickpea with massively parallel pyrosequencing & web resource development","volume":"156","author":"Garg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2004.01.005","article-title":"Bioaccumulation & ecophysiological responses to copper stress in two populations of Rumex dentatus L. from cu contaminated & non-contaminated sites","volume":"52","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(99)00109-4","article-title":"Phytochemical study of Salvia moorcroftiana","volume":"71","author":"Ahmad","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(01)00187-8","article-title":"Antiinflammatory & antipyretic effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves extract in the rat","volume":"75","author":"Ahmadiani","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2013.826247","article-title":"Pharmacological effects of Trigonella foenumgraecum L. in health & disease","volume":"52","author":"Yadav","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharm Biol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lodhi, S., Pawar, R.S., Jain, A.P., Jain, A., and Singhai, A.K. (2010). Effect of Tephrosia purpurea (L.) pers. On partial thickness & full thickness burn wounds in rats. J. Complement. Integr. Med., 1.","DOI":"10.2202\/1553-3840.1344"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3923\/rjmp.2012.123.135","article-title":"Antibacterial activity & toxicological evaluation of semi purified hexane extract of Urtica dioica leaves","volume":"6","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res. J. Med. Plants."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2009.58.63","article-title":"Antifungal activity of nettle (Urtica dioica L.), colocynth (Citrullus colocynthis L. Schrad), oleander (Nerium oleander L.) & konar (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) extracts on plants pathogenic fungi","volume":"12","author":"Hadizadeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pakistan. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.08.004","article-title":"An ethnopharmacological study on Verbascum species: From conventional wound healing use to scientific verification","volume":"132","author":"Akkol","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.07.007","article-title":"Effects of Astilbe thunbergii rhizomes on wound healing: Part 1. Isolation of promotional effectors from Astilbe thunbergii rhizomes on burn wound healing","volume":"109","author":"Kimura","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1007\/s10600-009-9411-1","article-title":"Flavonoids and triterpenoids from Anaphalismargaritacea","volume":"45","author":"Ren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Nat. Compd."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19219","DOI":"10.1039\/D0RA01971B","article-title":"The Aquilegia pubiflora (Himalayan columbine) mediated synthesis of nanoceria for diverse biomedical applications","volume":"10","author":"Jan","year":"2020","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_110","first-page":"69","article-title":"Antifungal activity evaluation of different extracts of Bergenia stracheyi","volume":"2","author":"Kumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.12.019","article-title":"Protective effect of Calendula officinalis extract against UVB-induced oxidative stress in skin: Evaluation of reduced glutathione levels and matrix metalloproteinase secretion","volume":"127","author":"Fonseca","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_112","first-page":"4589","article-title":"Effect of chromium toxicity on germination and early seedling growth in melon (Cucumis melo L.)","volume":"9","author":"Akinci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1021\/np50050a033","article-title":"Alkaloids of Corydalis govaniana","volume":"50","author":"Mukhopadhyay","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2009.04.007","article-title":"Wound-healing activity of a proteolytic fraction from Caricacandamarcensis on experimentally induced burn","volume":"36","author":"Gomes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zag\u00f3rska-Dziok, M., Ziemlewska, A., Bujak, T., Nizio\u0142-\u0141ukaszewska, Z., and Hordyjewicz-Baran, Z. (2021). Cosmetic and dermatological properties of selected ayurvedic plant extracts. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26030614"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.22270\/jddt.v10i3-s.4131","article-title":"Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Quercetin like Structure from Dalbergia sissoo (Fabaceae). J","volume":"10","author":"Bijauliya","year":"2020","journal-title":"drug deliv. Ther."},{"key":"ref_117","first-page":"337","article-title":"Antifungal activity of Dodonaeaviscosa Jacq extract on pathogenic fungi isolated from super ficial skin infection","volume":"23","author":"Pirzada","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(02)00315-5","article-title":"Evaluation of the anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities of the medicinal plants Dodonaeaviscosa, Rumex nervosus and Rumex abyssinicus","volume":"74","author":"Getie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_119","first-page":"3087","article-title":"Medicinal plant diversity in the flora of Leepa Valley, Muzaffarabad (AJK), Pakistan","volume":"11","author":"Ishtiaq","year":"2012","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_120","unstructured":"Blumenthal, M. (1998). Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines, American Botanical Council."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bcr.0000185115.17261.50","article-title":"Ginkgo biloba extract improves oxidative organ damage in a rat model of thermal trauma","volume":"26","author":"Sakarcan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Burn Care Res."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659705","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/nep189","article-title":"Mechanism of wound-healing activity of Hippophaerhamnoides L. leaf extract in experimental burns","volume":"2011","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complem."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2009.02.002","article-title":"Safety and healing efficacy of Sea buckthorn (Hippophaerhamnoides L.) seed oil on burn wounds in rats","volume":"47","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9800","DOI":"10.14233\/ajchem.2013.15362","article-title":"Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Potential and Phytochemical Attributes of Impatiens edgeworthii","volume":"25","author":"Mushtaq","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1358\/mf.2005.27.8.928308","article-title":"Antiinflammatory, analgesic & hypoglycemic effects of Mangifera indica Linn.(Anacardiaceae) stem bark aqueous extract","volume":"27","author":"Ojewole","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2008.70544","article-title":"Quality improvement of frozen & chilled beef biceps femoris with the application of salt-bicarbonate solution","volume":"21","author":"Sultana","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1080\/14786410701591713","article-title":"An experimental study of the effects of Matricaria chamomilla extract on cutaneous burn wound healing in albino rats","volume":"22","author":"Jarrahi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_128","first-page":"265","article-title":"Status & diversity of ethnomedicinal plants of Dhinadhar Hill, Kachchh District, Gujarat","volume":"3","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Jof. Plant. Animal Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_129","unstructured":"Leung, A.Y. (1996). Foster\u2019s Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients used in Foods, Drugs & Cosmetics, Wiley Interscience Publication; John Wiley. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_130","unstructured":"Quisumbing, E. (1978). Medicinal Plants of the Phillipines, JMC Press."},{"key":"ref_131","first-page":"199","article-title":"Anti inflammatory & anti pruritic effects of Portulaca oleracea L. extract using in vitro & in vivo inflammation model: LPS treated raw264.7 cells, keratinocytes, NC\/Nga mice & hairless SKH 1 mice","volume":"31","author":"Lim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean J. Asthma Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1071\/BI9610336","article-title":"Studies on Prytoalexins III. The isolation, assay, & general properties of a Phytoalexin from Pisum Sativum L.","volume":"14","author":"Cruiokshank","year":"1961","journal-title":"Aust. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2014.2369005","article-title":"Efficient coordinated recovery of sparse channels in massive MIMO","volume":"63","author":"Masood","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Signal. Process."},{"key":"ref_134","first-page":"934","article-title":"The States of Coenpopulations of endemic, relict & rare species of plant Limonium michelsonii & their protection","volume":"26","author":"Ydyrys","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Appl. Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.3329\/icpj.v1i9.11613","article-title":"Isolation of Stigmasterol & \u03b2-Sitosterol from the dichloromethane extract of Rubus suavissimus","volume":"1","author":"Chaturvedula","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Curr. Pharm. J."},{"key":"ref_136","first-page":"1","article-title":"A Holistic Approach on Review of Solanum virginianum. L.","volume":"3","author":"Rane","year":"2014","journal-title":"RRJPPS"},{"key":"ref_137","first-page":"777","article-title":"Wound healing activity of Sesamum indicum L. seed & oil in rats","volume":"46","author":"Kiran","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2006.10.407","article-title":"Silymarin, the antioxidant component of Silybum marianum, protects against burn-induced oxidative skin injury","volume":"33","author":"Toklu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"ref_139","first-page":"42","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of Aloe vera & Tamarixaphylla against Cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"2","author":"Iqbal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Basic Med. Sci. Pharm. (IJBMSP)"},{"key":"ref_140","first-page":"488","article-title":"Effect of Tridax procumbens on burn wound healing","volume":"40","author":"Babu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian Drugs"},{"key":"ref_141","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chemical composition & biological screening of essential oils of Zanthoxylum armatum DC leaves","volume":"2013","author":"Ibrar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_142","first-page":"1295","article-title":"Effect of dietary ethanolic extract of Lavandula officinalis on serum lipids profile in rats","volume":"13","author":"Rabiei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_143","first-page":"63","article-title":"Comparing the combined effect of garlic and mint extract with metronidazole in helicobacter pylori treatment","volume":"9","author":"Rahimian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-7847.70915","article-title":"Anethum graveolens: An Indian traditional medicinal herb and spice","volume":"4","author":"Jana","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacogn Rev."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piazza, S., Fumagalli, M., Khalilpour, S., Martinelli, G., Magnavacca, A., Dell\u2019Agli, M., and Sangiovanni, E. (2020). A review of the potential benefits of plants producing berries in skin disorders. Antioxidants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9060542"},{"key":"ref_146","first-page":"195","article-title":"Leukemia-related Sweet\u2019s syndrome elicited by pathergy to arnica","volume":"197","author":"Delmonte","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm.1997.378.9.951","article-title":"Helenalin, an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactone from Arnica, selectively inhibits transcription factor NF-\u03baB","volume":"378","author":"Lyss","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_148","first-page":"913","article-title":"Evaluation of anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic potential of Bauhinia variegata extract in Swiss albino mice","volume":"10","author":"Agrawal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3835(95)04087-0","article-title":"Chemoprevention of lung and skin cancer by Beta vulgaris (beet) root extract","volume":"100","author":"Kapadia","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(91)92071-Q","article-title":"Proline enhances primary photochemical activities in isolated thylakoid membranes of Brassica juncea by arresting photoinhibitory damage","volume":"181","author":"Saradhi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. BIOCHEM"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2005.12.057","article-title":"Significance of Bacillus subtilis strain SJ-101 as a bioinoculant for concurrent plant growth promotion and nickel accumulation in Brassica juncea","volume":"64","author":"Zaidi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_152","first-page":"26","article-title":"Wildland shrubs of the United States and its territories: Thamnic descriptions, Volume 1. IITF-GTR-26. San Juan, PR: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry; Fort Collins, CO: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station","volume":"830","author":"Francis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gen. Tech. Rep."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.7439\/ijbr.v2i1.82","article-title":"Treatment of skin diseases through medicinal plants in different regions of the world","volume":"2","author":"Solanki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"ref_154","first-page":"151","article-title":"Comparative studies on anti-inflammatory activity of Coriandrum sativum, Datura stramonium and Azadirachta indica","volume":"1","author":"Sonika","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asian J. Exp. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_155","first-page":"566","article-title":"Acute and sub-chronic toxicological evaluation of hydro-methanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L. seeds","volume":"11","author":"Patel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Excli J."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2010.11.007","article-title":"Clinical and pathological effects of Calotropis procera exposure in sheep and rats","volume":"57","author":"Amorim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imr.2015.06.004","article-title":"Medicinal plants of the family Caryophyllaceae: A review of ethno-medicinal uses and pharmacological properties","volume":"4","author":"Chandra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Integr. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200800404","article-title":"Essential oil composition of Citrus medica L. Cv. Diamante (Diamante citron) determined after using different extraction methods","volume":"32","author":"Gabriele","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Sep. Sci."},{"key":"ref_159","first-page":"180","article-title":"Estrogenic activity of Citrus medica L. leaves growing in Egypt","volume":"2","author":"Hetta","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zewde, D.K., and Jembere, B. (2010). Evaluation of orange peel Citrus Sinensis (L) as a source of repellent, toxicant and protectant against Zabrotessubfasciatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Momona Ethiop. J. Sci., 2.","DOI":"10.4314\/mejs.v2i1.49652"},{"key":"ref_161","first-page":"631","article-title":"An updated review on Catharanthus roseus: Phytochemical and pharmacological analysis","volume":"3","author":"Nisar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharm Sci."},{"key":"ref_162","first-page":"4540","article-title":"Ethnomedicinal uses of plant resources in Gilgit-Baltistan of Pakistan","volume":"6","author":"Arshad","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Plant. Res."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.22270\/jddt.v9i2.2433","article-title":"Ethnobotanical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Clerodendrum Infortunatum L. (Lamiaceae): A review","volume":"9","author":"Kekuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Ther."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2005.04.017","article-title":"Sedative and anticonvulsant effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Equisetum arvense","volume":"76","author":"Blanco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357991772178","article-title":"Lavender oil inhibits immediate-type allergic reaction in mice and rats","volume":"51","author":"Kim","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_166","first-page":"189","article-title":"Topical henna for capecitabine induced hand\u2013foot syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Yucel","year":"2008","journal-title":"IND"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x","article-title":"Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"164","author":"Rizwan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1080\/14786410802632804","article-title":"Inhibition of histamine mediated responses by Mirabilis jalapa: Confirming traditional claims made about antiallergic & antiasthmatic activity","volume":"24","author":"Maxia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_169","first-page":"271","article-title":"Phytochemical studies & antioxidant activity of Melia azedarach Linn leaves by DPPH scavenging assay","volume":"3","author":"Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Appl."},{"key":"ref_170","first-page":"427","article-title":"Phytochemical analysis of fruit extract of Myrsineafricana","volume":"3","author":"Abbhi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_171","first-page":"467","article-title":"Sex based levels of C-reactive protein & white blood cell count in subjects with metabolic syndrome: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program","volume":"18","author":"Gharipour","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Res. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.3390\/12051153","article-title":"Phenolic compounds & antimicrobial activity of olive (Olea europaea L. cv. Cobran\u00e7osa) leaves","volume":"12","author":"Pereira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.2165\/00044011-200222050-00005","article-title":"Preliminary clinical tests on topical preparations of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. Leaf essential oil of the treatment of acne vulgaris","volume":"22","author":"Orafidiya","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Investig."},{"key":"ref_174","first-page":"380","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of fatty acids of Ocimum sanctum fixed oil","volume":"35","author":"Singh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5718(01)00218-2","article-title":"Protection against ultraviolet B & C induced DNA damage & skin carcinogenesis by the flowers of Prunus persica extract","volume":"496","author":"Heo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1021\/np50103a002","article-title":"Naturally occurring antiacne agents","volume":"57","author":"Kubo","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.4103\/0250-474X.22982","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of Pterocarpus santalinus","volume":"68","author":"Manjunatha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_178","first-page":"128","article-title":"Photoprotective effect of a water soluble extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. against UV induced matrix metalloproteinase 1 in human dermal fibroblasts & reconstructed skin","volume":"18","author":"Martin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(13)60004-0","article-title":"Antimicrobial potential of Ricinus communis leaf extracts in different solvents against pathogenic bacterial & fungal strains","volume":"2","author":"Naz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"ref_180","unstructured":"Heinerman, J. (1996). Heinerman\u2019s Encyclopedia of Healing Herbs & Spices, Parker Publishing Company."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3923\/jbs.2004.405.412","article-title":"Antibacterial & antifungal survey in plants used in indigenous herbal-medicine of south east regions of Iran","volume":"4","author":"Aghighi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_182","unstructured":"Hilmon, J.B. (1968). Autecology of Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens [Bartr.] Small). [Ph.D. Thesis, Duke Univ.]."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.07.021","article-title":"Taraxacum\u2014a review on its phytochemical & pharmacological profile","volume":"107","author":"Carle","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113478","article-title":"A review of the ethnobotanical value, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity & quality control of Tussilago farfara L. (coltsfoot)","volume":"267","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853912","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/853912","article-title":"Identification of insecticidal constituents from the essential oil of Valerianajatamansi Jones against Liposcelis bostrychophila","volume":"2013","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Badonnel J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdallah, S.H., Mostafa, N.M., Mohamed, M.A.E.H., Nada, A.S., and Singab, A.N.B. (2021). UPLC-ESI-MS\/MS profiling and hepatoprotective activities of Stevia leaves extract, butanol fraction and stevioside against radiation-induced toxicity in rats. Nat. Prod. Res., 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2021.2015594"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mostafa, N.M., Edmond, M.P., El-Shazly, M., Fahmy, H.A., Sherif, N.H., and Singab, A.N. (2021). Phytoconstituents and renoprotective effect of Polyalthia longifolia leaves extract on radiation-induced nephritis in rats via TGF-\u03b2\/Smad pathway. Nat. Prod. Res., 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2021.1961252"},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elhawary, E.A., Mostafa, N.M., Labib, R.M., and Singab, A.N. (2021). Metabolomic Profiles of Essential Oils from Selected Rosa Varieties and Their Antimicrobial Activities. Plants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10081721"},{"key":"ref_189","first-page":"4694","article-title":"The Role of Plant-Derived Compounds in Managing Diabetes Mellitus: A review of literature 2014 to 2019","volume":"28","author":"Mostafa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5282","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2020.1753048","article-title":"Two Clerodane Diterpenes Isolated from Polyalthia longifolia Leaves: Comparative Structural Features, Anti-Histaminic and Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activities","volume":"35","author":"Edmond","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5369","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2020.1765343","article-title":"Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Essential Oils from Schinus polygamus (Cav.) Cabrera Leaf and Bark Grown in Egypt","volume":"35","author":"Mostafa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6267","DOI":"10.1039\/C9FO01532A","article-title":"Metabolic Profiling of a Polyphenolic-Rich Fraction of Coccinia grandis Leaves Using LC-ESI-MS\/MS and In Vivo Validation of Its Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Activities","volume":"10","author":"Mostafa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_193","first-page":"1007","article-title":"Profile of Volatile Components of Hydrodistilled and Extracted Leaves of Jacaranda acutifolia and Their Antimicrobial Activity against Foodborne Pathogens","volume":"9","author":"Singab","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarker, U., Rabbani, M.G., Oba, S., Eldehna, W.M., Al-Rashood, S.T., Mostafa, N.M., and Eldahshan, O.A. (2022). Phytonutrients, Colorant Pigments, Phytochemicals, and Antioxidant Potential of Orphan Leafy Amaranthus Species. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27092899"},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2248","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.100456","article-title":"Repeated oral administration of a squeezed ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract augmented the serum corticosterone level and had anti-inflammatory properties","volume":"74","author":"Ueda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biosci Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706728","article-title":"Rosmarinic acid as a downstream inhibitor of IKK-beta in TNF-alpha-induced upregulation of CCL11 and CCR3","volume":"148","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2012.06.008","article-title":"The sterols isolated from Evening Primrose oil modulate the release of proinflammatory mediators","volume":"19","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.232","article-title":"Comparative study of plant and bacterial cellulose pellicles regenerated from dissolved states","volume":"137","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scepankova, H., Combarros-Fuertes, P., Fresno, J.M., Tornadijo, M.E., Dias, M.S., Pinto, C.A., Saraiva, J.A., and Estevinho, L.M. (2021). Role of honey in advanced wound care. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26164784"},{"key":"ref_200","first-page":"7","article-title":"Chemical constituents of Abrusprecatorius","volume":"1","author":"Ragasa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Amer. J. Essent. Oils. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2011_2266","article-title":"Phenolic compounds from Achillea millefolium L. and their bioactivity","volume":"58","author":"Vitalini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Pol."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00274","article-title":"Antimicrobial, anthelmintic activities and characterisation of functional phenolic acids of Achyranthes aspera Linn.: A medicinal plant used for the treatment of wounds and ringworm in east Africa","volume":"6","author":"Ndhlala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1080\/14620316.2021.1952904","article-title":"Potential effects of onion (Allium cepa L.) and its phytomolecules on non-communicable chronic diseases: A review","volume":"97","author":"Hoca","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_204","first-page":"4699","article-title":"Integrated management of Fusarium wilt of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris with microbial antagonist, botanical extract sp. ciceris with microbial antagonist, botanical extract","volume":"12 (29)","author":"Hossain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_205","first-page":"29","article-title":"Phytochemical and biological study of Albizia lebbeck stem bark","volume":"7","author":"Dora","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Chem. Pharma. Res."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shang, A., Cao, S.Y., Xu, X.Y., Gan, R.Y., Tang, G.Y., Corke, H., Mavumengwana, V., and Li, H.B. (2019). Bioactive compounds and biological functions of garlic (Allium sativum L.). Foods, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8070246"},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quispe, C., Villalobos, M., B\u00f3rquez, J., and Simirgiotis, M. (2018). Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of aloe vera from the Pica Oasis (Tarapac\u00e1, Chile) by UHPLC-Q\/Orbitrap\/MS\/MS. J. Chem., 2018.","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6123850"},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2017.04.017","article-title":"Betalains and phenolic compounds of leaves and stems of Alternanthera brasiliana and Alternanthera tenella","volume":"97","author":"Deladino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, B., Singh, J.P., Kaur, A., and Singh, N. (2020). Phenolic composition, antioxidant potential and health benefits of citrus peel. Food Res. Int., 132.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109114"},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2010.526725","article-title":"Avena sativa (Oat), a potential neutraceutical and therapeutic agent: An overview","volume":"53","author":"Singh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1517\/13543776.2012.709237","article-title":"Shikonin and its derivatives: A patent review","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Pat."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.2174\/1573412913666170918150924","article-title":"UPLC-MS for identification of quercetin derivatives in Cuphea glutinosa Cham. & Schltdl(Lythraceae) and evaluation of antifungal potential","volume":"14","author":"Santos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Anal."},{"key":"ref_213","first-page":"551","article-title":"Chemical composition of the essential oil of Anaphalismargaritacea from munsyari, pithoragarh, India","volume":"6","author":"Ram","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6419","article-title":"Polyphenols: A concise overview on the chemistry, occurrence, and human health","volume":"33","author":"Durazzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_215","first-page":"681","article-title":"Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of plants from the genus Adiantum: A review","volume":"10","author":"Pan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trop. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jan, M., Scarf\u00f2, I., Larson, R.C., Walker, A., Schmidts, A., Guirguis, A.A., Gasser, J.A., S\u0142abicki, M., Bouffard, A.A., and Castano, A.P. (2021). Reversible ON-and OFF-switch chimeric antigen receptors controlled by lenalidomide. Sci. Transl. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abb6295"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clauser, M., Aiello, N., Scartezzini, F., Innocenti, G., and Dall\u2019Acqua, S. (2014). Differences in the chemical composition of Arnica montana flowers from wild populations of north Italy. Nat. Prod. Commun., 9.","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578X1400900102"},{"key":"ref_218","unstructured":"Wermuth, C.G. (2011). The practice of medicinal chemistry. Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2011. The practice of medicinal chemistry, Academic Press."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1107\/S2053230X1800537X","article-title":"Crystal structure of highly glycosylated human leukocyte elastase in complex with an S2\u2032 site binding inhibitor","volume":"74","author":"Hochscherf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. Sect. F: Struct. Biol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2010.00908.x","article-title":"Cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic roles of the CTL\/NK protease granzyme B","volume":"235","author":"Afonina","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2019.1585846","article-title":"Pulchranin A: First Report of Isolation From an Endophytic Fungus and Its Inhibitory Activity on Cyclin Dependent Kinases","volume":"34","author":"Moussa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_222","first-page":"34","article-title":"Antibacterial Activity of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Leaves Essential Oil Nanoemulsion against the Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans","volume":"2","author":"Mostafa","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.25135\/rnp.47.17.10.062","article-title":"\u03b2-Amyrin Rich Bombax ceiba Leaf Extract with Potential Neuroprotective Activity against Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats","volume":"12","author":"Mostafa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rec. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mostafa, N.M., Mostafa, A.M., Ashour, M.L., and Elhady, S.S. (2021). Neuroprotective Effects of Black Pepper Cold-Pressed Oil on Scopolamine-Induced Oxidative Stress and Memory Impairment in Rats. Antioxidants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10121993"},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2015.07.014","article-title":"Farmers\u2019 knowledge about common pests and pesticide safety in conventional cotton production in Pakistan","volume":"77","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crop. Prot."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharifi-Rada, J., Quispe, C., Durazzo, A., Lucarini, M., Souto, E.B., Santini, A., Imran, M., Moussa, A.Y., Mostafa, N.M., and El-Shazly, M. (2022). Resveratrol\u2019 biotechnological applications: Enlightening its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. J. Herb. Med., 32.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2022.100550"}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/27\/19\/6207\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:36:44Z","timestamp":1760143004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/27\/19\/6207"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"references-count":226,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules27196207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules27196207","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]}}}