{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:34:35Z","timestamp":1790818475198,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province Project","award":["LY16B070006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY16B070006"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province Project","award":["21177098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21177098"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LY16B070006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY16B070006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21177098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21177098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The exploration of the ionic liquids\u2019 mechanism of action on nucleobase\u2019s structure and properties is still limited. In this work, the binding model of the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Cnmim]Br, n = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) ionic liquids to the thymine (T) was studied in a water environment (PCM) and a microhydrated surroundings (PCM + wH2O). Geometries of the mono-, di-, tri-, and tetra-ionic thymine (T-wH2O-y[Cnmim]+-xBr\u2212, w = 5~1 and x + y = 0~4) complexes were optimized at the M06-2X\/6-311++G(2d, p) level. The IR and UV-Vis spectra, QTAIM, and NBO analysis for the most stable T-4H2O-Br\u2212-1, T-3H2O-[Cnmim]+-Br\u2212-1, T-2H2O-[Cnmim]+-2Br\u2212-1, and T-1H2O-2[Cnmim]+-2Br\u2212-1 hydrates were presented in great detail. The results show that the order of the arrangement stability of thymine with the cations (T-[Cnmim]+) by PCM is stacking &gt; perpendicular &gt; coplanar, and with the anion (T-Br\u2212) is front &gt; top. The stability order for the different microhydrates is following T-5H2O-1 &lt; T-4H2O-Br\u2212-1 &lt; T-3H2O-[Cnmim]+-Br\u2212-1 &lt; T-2H2O-[Cnmim]+-2Br\u2212-1 &lt; T-1H2O-2[Cnmim]+-2Br\u2212-1. A good linear relationship between binding EB values and the increasing number (x + y) of ions has been found, which indicates that the cooperativity of interactions for the H-bonding and \u03c0-\u03c0+ stacking is varying incrementally in the growing ionic clusters. The stacking model between thymine and [Cnmim]+ cations is accompanied by weaker hydrogen bonds which are always much less favorable than those in T-xBr\u2212 complexes; the same trend holds when the clusters in size grow and the length of alkyl chains in the imidazolium cations increase. QTAIM and NBO analytical methods support the existence of mutually reinforcing hydrogen bonds and \u03c0-\u03c0 cooperativity in the systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27196242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T21:10:05Z","timestamp":1663881005000},"page":"6242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Density Functional Method Study on the Cooperativity of Intermolecular H-bonding and \u03c0-\u03c0+ Stacking Interactions in Thymine-[Cnmim]Br (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) Microhydrates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yanni","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Pharmacy Department of Ruian People\u2019s Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaowu","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Pharmacy Department of Ruian People\u2019s Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pharmacy Department of Ruian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou 325000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangmei","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huining","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaojie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2019.111127","article-title":"Study on ionic liquid\/cellulose\/coagulator phase diagram and its application in green spinning process","volume":"289","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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