{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:27:56Z","timestamp":1788305276609,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior, Brazil (CAPES)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Studies indicate that different parts of Carica papaya Linn have nutritional properties that mean it can be used as an adjuvant for the treatment of various pathologies. Methods: The fatty acid composition of the oil extracted from the seeds of Carica papaya Linn was evaluated by gas chromatography, and an acute toxicity test was performed. For the experiment, Swiss mice were fed a balanced or high-fat diet and supplemented with saline, soybean oil, olive oil, or papaya seed oil. Oral glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity tests were performed. After euthanasia, adiposity, glycemia, total cholesterol and fractions, insulin, resistin, leptin, MCP-1, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-6 and the histology of the liver, pancreas, and adipose tissue were evaluated. Results: Papaya seed oil showed predominance of monounsaturated fatty acids in its composition. No changes were observed in the acute toxicity test. Had lower food intake in grams, and caloric intake and in the area of adipocytes without minimizing weight gain or adiposity and impacting the liver or pancreas. Reductions in total and non-HDL-c, LDL-c, and VLDL-c were also observed. The treatment had a hypoglycemic and protective effect on insulin resistance. Supplementation also resulted in higher leptin and lower insulin and cytokine resistance. Conclusions: Under these experimental conditions, papaya seed oil led to higher amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids and had hypocholesterolemic, hypotriglyceridemic, and hypoglycemic effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27196705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]],"date-time":"2022-10-09T23:31:43Z","timestamp":1665358303000},"page":"6705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of the Seed Oil of Carica papaya Linn on Food Consumption, Adiposity, Metabolic and Inflammatory Profile of Mice Using Hyperlipidic Diet"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9171-4698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidiani Figueiredo","family":"Santana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna Larissa Spontoni","family":"do Espirito Santo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana Bento","family":"Tatara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Research Laboratory, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio Juliano","family":"Negr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Research Laboratory, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falio","family":"Croda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Campo Grande 79074-460, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5634-8266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1vio Macedo","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wander Fernando","family":"de Oliveira Fili\u00fa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro Fontoura","family":"Cavalheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Eduardo Domingues","family":"Naz\u00e1rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel Arakaki","family":"Asato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernardo Bacelar","family":"de Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Medicine Laboratory-Scapulatempo, Campo Grande 79002-17, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9020-8002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valter Arag\u00e3o","family":"do Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"de C\u00e1ssia Avellaneda Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine","family":"de C\u00e1ssia Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1115-4083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscila Aiko","family":"Hiane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2005.00704.x","article-title":"Biodiversity and Conservation of Plants in Brazil","volume":"19","author":"Giulietti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2022, April 07). Vegetabilia. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E. Available online: https:\/\/encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com\/Vegetabilia."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"44","article-title":"Tend\u00eancias dos estudos com plantas medicinais no Brasil","volume":"3","author":"Carneiro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Sapi\u00eancia"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.01.021","article-title":"Medicinal plants in Brazil: Pharmacological studies, drug discovery, challenges and perspectives","volume":"112","author":"Dutra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1590\/2175-7860202071091","article-title":"Frutas nativas do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: Riqueza e potencial aliment\u00edcio","volume":"71","author":"Brack","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rodrigu\u00e9sia"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"537","article-title":"Aspectos de azeites de oliva e de folhas de oliveira","volume":"23","author":"Mello","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alim. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"163","article-title":"Effect of seeds on fruit weight in Carica papaya","volume":"1","author":"Allan","year":"1969","journal-title":"Agroplantae"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2019.101367","article-title":"Recovery of bioactive phenolic compounds from papaya seeds agroindustrial residue using subcritical water extraction","volume":"22","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.3923\/pjn.2005.379.381","article-title":"Chemical profile of unripe pulp of Carica papaya","volume":"4","author":"Oloyede","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pak. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"6","article-title":"Basketful benefits of Papaya","volume":"1","author":"Milind","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Res. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-014-1069-y","article-title":"Antiulcerogenic activity of Caricapapaya seed in rats","volume":"388","author":"Pinto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg\u2019s Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202200258","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202200258","article-title":"Exotic Medicinal Plants Used in Brazil with Diuretic Properties: A Review","volume":"19","author":"Mariano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Biodivers."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1007\/s40199-020-00348-7","article-title":"Therapeutic application of Carica papaya leaf extract in the management of human diseases","volume":"28","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"DARU J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S2222-1808(14)60617-4","article-title":"A review on medicinal properties of Carica papaya Linn","volume":"5","author":"Vij","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1573(200006)14:4<235::AID-PTR574>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Blood pressure depression by the fruit juice of Carica papaya (L.) in renal and DOCA-induced hypertension in the rat","volume":"14","author":"Eno","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3329\/bjp.v5i1.5305","article-title":"Protective effect of dried fruits of Carica papaya on hepatotoxicity in rat","volume":"5","author":"Sadeque","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bangladesh J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.03.004","article-title":"Effect of papaya (Carica papaya) leaf extract as dietary growth promoter supplement in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus \u00d7 Oreochromis niloticus) diet","volume":"29","author":"Noor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.05.030","article-title":"Association between inflammatory cytokines and ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents with obesity: A pilot study","volume":"278","author":"Cortese","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s40643-022-00498-3","article-title":"Review on the extraction of bioactive compounds and characterization of fruit industry by-products","volume":"9","author":"Patra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioresour. Bioprocess."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santana, L.F., Inada, A.C., Espirito Santo, B.L.S.D., Fili\u00fa, W.F., Pott, A., Alves, F.M., Guimar\u00e3es, R.C.A., Freitas, K.C., and Hiane, P.A. (2019). Nutraceutical potential of Carica papaya in metabolic syndrome. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11071608"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"01","article-title":"Obten\u00e7\u00e3o e caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o f\u00edsico-qu\u00edmica do extrato oleoso de alho roxo (Allium sativum)","volume":"4","author":"Martins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tecnol. Ci\u00eancia Agropecu\u00e1ria"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.108588","article-title":"Chemical and sensory characterization of Brazilian virgin olive oils","volume":"126","author":"Zago","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Res. Intern."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, M., and Jacobsen, C. (2016). Oxidative Stability and Shelf Life of Foods Containing Oils and Fats, AOCS Press. [1st ed.].","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-63067-056-6.00008-2"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2015.03.019","article-title":"Effects of high phenolic olive oil on cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Hohmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostaglandins.2018.09.005","article-title":"Regulation of platelet function and thrombosis by omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids","volume":"139","author":"Adili","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.21101\/cejph.a5966","article-title":"Fatty acids profile, atherogenic and thrombogenic indices in freshwater fish common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from market chain","volume":"28","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cent. Eur. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"AOAC (2008). Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists International, Patr\u00edcia Cunniff. [16th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.5455\/jice.20160124113528","article-title":"Modulatory potentials of aqueous leaf and unripe fruit extracts of Carica papaya Linn. (Caricaceae) against carbon tetrachloride and acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats","volume":"5","author":"Awodele","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Intercult. Ethnopharm."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"11","article-title":"Nephroprotective activities of the aqueous seed extract of Carica papaya Linn. in carbon tetrachloride induced renal injured Wistar rats: A dose-and time-dependent study","volume":"1","author":"Olagunju","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13230","article-title":"Metabolically healthy obesity across the life course: Epidemiology, determinants, and implications","volume":"1391","author":"Phillips","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5692","article-title":"Effect of the capsicoside G-rich fraction from pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds on high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice","volume":"30","author":"Sung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2013.05.005","article-title":"The modulatory role of high fat feeding on gastrointestinal signals in obesity","volume":"24","author":"Duca","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43474","DOI":"10.34117\/bjdv6n7-096","article-title":"Obesidade e fibra diet\u00e9tica: Destaque para a fibra de caju","volume":"6","author":"Carvalho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz. J. Dev."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.37527\/2018.68.2.004","article-title":"Efectodel consumo de pulpa de Carica papaya sobre la glicemia y peso de ratones normo e hiperglic\u00e9micos por aloxano","volume":"68","author":"Vera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Latinoam. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"30","article-title":"Anti-obesity effect of Carica papaya in high-fat diet fed rats","volume":"13","author":"Deenin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Rep."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"897","article-title":"Inhibitors of pancreatic lipase: State of the art and clinical perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Lunagariya","year":"2014","journal-title":"EXCLI J."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1177\/1753944717711379","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome: Pathophysiology, management, and modulation by natural compounds","volume":"11","author":"Rochlani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxx027","article-title":"Blueberry supplementation influences the gut microbiota, inflammation, and insulin resistance in high-fat-diet\u2013fed rats","volume":"148","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.5455\/aim.2012.20.180-185","article-title":"Antioxidant and immunostimulant effect of Carica papaya Linn. aqueous extract in acrylamide intoxicated rats","volume":"20","author":"Mohamed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Inform. Med."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-016-0149-0","article-title":"Compositional difference in antioxidant and antibacterial activity of all parts of the Carica papaya using different solvents","volume":"10","author":"Aschar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Cent. J."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.4236\/health.2015.79134","article-title":"Effect of Carica papaya leaf extract on serum lipids and liver metabolic parameters of rats fed a high cholesterol diet","volume":"7","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2015.0095","article-title":"Obesity, oxidative stress, adipose tissue dysfunction, and the associated health risks: Causes and therapeutic strategies","volume":"13","author":"Manna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Metab. Syndr. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2015.11.016","article-title":"Obesity and glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus: Analysis of physician electronic health records in the US from 2009\u20132011","volume":"30","author":"Bae","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Complicat."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Longo, M., Zatterale, F., Naderi, J., Parrillo, L., Formisano, P., Raciti, G.A., Beguinot, F., and Miele, C. (2019). Adipose Tissue Dysfunction as Determinant of Obesity-Associated Metabolic Complications. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092358"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"332","article-title":"Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Carica papaya fruits in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice","volume":"8","author":"Islam","year":"2019","journal-title":"WJPPS"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-6156.1000740","article-title":"GC-MS analysis, hypoglycemic activity of aqueous root extract of Carica papaya and its effects on blood lipid profile and hepatorenal tissues biomarkers of diabetic rats","volume":"8","author":"Ezekwe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Metab."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e03618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e03618","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of Carica papaya seed on \u03b1-amylase and \u03b1-glucosidase enzymes","volume":"6","author":"Agada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00340","article-title":"Regulation of hippocampal synaptic function by the metabolic hormone, leptin: Implications for health and neurodegenerative disease","volume":"12","author":"McGregor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-019-0095-y","article-title":"Leptin and the endocrine control of energy balance","volume":"1","author":"Friedman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4316","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1172","article-title":"Adipocyte versus pituitary leptin in the regulation of pituitary hormones: Somatotropes develop normally in the absence of circulating leptin","volume":"155","author":"Odle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1590\/2359-3997000000129","article-title":"Determinants of body weight regulation in humans","volume":"60","author":"Moehlecke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"232","article-title":"Leptin: Is It Thermogenic?","volume":"41","author":"Fischer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr. Ver."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.100995","article-title":"Partial leptin deficiency confers resistance to diet-induced obesity in mice","volume":"37","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15322","article-title":"Resistin in metabolism, inflammation, and disease","volume":"287","author":"Tripathi","year":"2020","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0210-x","article-title":"The circadian regulation of food intake","volume":"15","author":"Challet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2019.103596","article-title":"Anthocyanin supplementation inhibits secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in overweight and obese individuals","volume":"64","author":"Vugic","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21763","article-title":"Oligofructose decreases serum lipopolysaccharide and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in adults with overweight\/obesity","volume":"25","author":"Parnell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1590\/2359-3997000000254","article-title":"IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-10 levels\/polymorphisms and their association with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity in Brazilian individuals","volume":"61","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-017-2626-4","article-title":"Extracts of Mauritian Carica papaya (var. solo) protect SW872 and HepG2 cells against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress","volume":"54","author":"Somanah","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"7","article-title":"Traditional and medicinal uses of Carica papaya","volume":"1","author":"Aravind","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Med. Plants Stud."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3567","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO02550A","article-title":"Oxygenic metabolism in nutritional obesity induced by olive oil. The influence of vitamin C","volume":"10","author":"Drehmer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.06.010","article-title":"Dietary fat, but not protein or carbohydrate, regulates energy intake and causes adiposity in mice","volume":"28","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_63","unstructured":"Manzano, A.B. (2009). Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o, Taxa de Entrada, Composi\u00e7\u00e3o Qu\u00edmica e Identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de Fontes de Gr\u00e2nulos Pl\u00e1sticos na Enseada de Santos, SP, Brasil. [Tese de Mestrado, Instituto Oceanogr\u00e1fico, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo]."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.53393\/rial.1993.53.35982","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de um m\u00e9todo simples e econ\u00f4mico para a metila\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1cidos graxos com lip\u00eddios de diversas esp\u00e9cies de peixes","volume":"53","author":"Maia","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91846-M","article-title":"Coronary heart disease: Seven dietary factors","volume":"338","author":"Ulbricht","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_66","unstructured":"Silva, N.R. (2018). Enriquecimento da Carne Su\u00edna Com Blends de \u00d3leos: Estudo dos Par\u00e2metros Sangu\u00edneos, Perfil dos \u00c1cidos Graxos e \u00cdndices Trombog\u00eanicos e Aterog\u00eanicos. [Tese de Mestrado, Universidade Federal de Lavras]."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/123.11.1939","article-title":"AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: Final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet","volume":"123","author":"Reeves","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_68","unstructured":"Brito, A.R.S. (1994). Manual de Ensaios Toxicol\u00f3gicos In Vivo, Unicamp. Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2015.07.023","article-title":"Jaboticaba peel and jaboticaba peel aqueous extract shows in vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties in obesity model","volume":"77","author":"Lenquiste","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.12.046","article-title":"Kiwifruit seed oil prevents obesity by regulating inflammation, thermogenesis, and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL\/6 mice","volume":"125","author":"Qu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_71","first-page":"1355","article-title":"Efeitos do extrato etan\u00f3lico das folhas de cagaiteira (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) em camundongos diab\u00e9ticos induzidos por estreptozotocina","volume":"8","author":"Santana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Res."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1996.0302","article-title":"Detection of obesity QTLs on mouse chromosomes 1 and 7 by selective DNA pooling","volume":"34","author":"Taylor","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref_73","unstructured":"Mello, E.S., and Alves, V.A. (2010). Atlas de Patologia Hep\u00e1tica, Manole."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.17.2.152","article-title":"A mathematical model for the determination of total area under glucose tolerance and other metabolic curves","volume":"17","author":"Tai","year":"1994","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network. Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"41","author":"Kleiner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-69912012000100009","article-title":"Correlation analysis between post-pancreatoduodenectomy pancreatic fistula and pancreatic histology","volume":"39","author":"Pereira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev. Col. Bras. Cir."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-0929.2011.00982.x","article-title":"Differences in adipose tissue inflammation and oxidative status in C57BL\/6 andApoE-\/- mie fed high fat diet","volume":"83","author":"Pereira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anim. Sci. J."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/27\/19\/6705\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:48:24Z","timestamp":1760143704000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/27\/19\/6705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules27196705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules27196705","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]]}}}