{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T05:14:39Z","timestamp":1771650879306,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project","award":["20210401108YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210401108YY"]}]},{"name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project","award":["YDZJ202201ZYTS207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJ202201ZYTS207"]}]},{"name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project","award":["21ZGY10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZGY10"]}]},{"name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project","award":["82073969"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073969"]}]},{"name":"Key Technology Research Project of Chang-chun Science and Technology Bureau","award":["20210401108YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210401108YY"]}]},{"name":"Key Technology Research Project of Chang-chun Science and Technology Bureau","award":["YDZJ202201ZYTS207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJ202201ZYTS207"]}]},{"name":"Key Technology Research Project of Chang-chun Science and Technology Bureau","award":["21ZGY10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZGY10"]}]},{"name":"Key Technology Research Project of Chang-chun Science and Technology Bureau","award":["82073969"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073969"]}]},{"name":"Jiayi Biochemical Research and Development Center (Suzhou Industrial Park) Co., Ltd.","award":["20210401108YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210401108YY"]}]},{"name":"Jiayi Biochemical Research and Development Center (Suzhou Industrial Park) Co., Ltd.","award":["YDZJ202201ZYTS207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJ202201ZYTS207"]}]},{"name":"Jiayi Biochemical Research and Development Center (Suzhou Industrial Park) Co., Ltd.","award":["21ZGY10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZGY10"]}]},{"name":"Jiayi Biochemical Research and Development Center (Suzhou Industrial Park) Co., Ltd.","award":["82073969"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073969"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["20210401108YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210401108YY"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["YDZJ202201ZYTS207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJ202201ZYTS207"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["21ZGY10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZGY10"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82073969"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073969"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Red ginseng (RG), which is obtained from heated Panax ginseng and is produced by steaming followed by drying, is a valuable herb in Asian countries. Steamed ginseng dew (SGD) is a by-product produced in processing red ginseng. In the present study, phytochemical profiling of extracts of red ginseng and steamed ginseng dew was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-Q-TOF-MS) analysis. Additionally, antioxidant activities (DPPH, \u00b7OH, and ABTS scavenging ability) and whitening activities (tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activity) were analyzed. Phytochemical profiling revealed the presence of 66 and 28 compounds that were non-saponin components in chloroform extracts of red ginseng and steamed ginseng dew (RG-CE and SGD-CE), respectively. Meanwhile, there were 20 ginsenosides identified in n-butanol extracts of red ginseng and steamed ginseng dew (RG-NBE and SGD-NBE). By comparing the different polar extracts of red ginseng and steamed ginseng dew, it was found that the ethyl acetate extract of red ginseng (RG-EAE) had the best antioxidant capacity and whitening effect, the water extract of steamed ginseng dew (SGD-WE) had stronger antioxidant capacity, and the SGD-NBE and SGD-CE had a better whitening effect. This study shows that RG and SGD have tremendous potential to be used in the cosmetic industries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27238202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T03:34:24Z","timestamp":1669347264000},"page":"8202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["By-Product of the Red Ginseng Manufacturing Process as Potential Material for Use as Cosmetics: Chemical Profiling and In Vitro Antioxidant and Whitening Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Hui-E","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng-Yao","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin-Hong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian-Feng","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shiqi Biological R&D Centre (Suzhou Industrial Park) Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215125, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Ye","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Ji Test Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang-Bao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6145-7715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"En-Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00521","article-title":"Natural Product Ginsenoside 20(S)-25-Methoxyl-Dammarane-3\u03b2, 12\u03b2, 20-Triol in Cancer Treatment: A Review of the Pharmacological Mechanisms and Pharmacokinetics","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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