{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T01:52:39Z","timestamp":1787622759125,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","award":["19-43-230003 p_a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19-43-230003 p_a"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants of water, and their determination at trace levels in the aquatic ecosystems is essential. In this work, an ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure was suggested utilizing a binary dispersive agent for recovery of different molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from waters. The detection was carried out by gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as well as high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence and diode-array detection (HPLC-FD\/PDA). The method was optimized for the extraction of analytes with respect to the mixture composition, ratios of components, ultrasonication time and centrifugation parameters. The analytical schemes for PAHs extraction from water samples using different ratios of extraction and dispersive solvents are reported. The mixture consisting of chloroform and methanol was applied for the extraction of PAHs containing two or three fused aromatic rings; the mixture of chloroform and acetonitrile is suitable for PAHs containing more than four aromatic rings. The mixture of chloroform:acetone + acetonitrile was applied in the universal scheme and allowed for the simultaneous extraction of 20 PAHs with different structures. The developed sample preparation schemes were combined with GC-MS and HPLC-FD\/PDA, which allowed us to determine the analytes at low concentrations (from 0.0002 \u00b5g\/L) with the recoveries exceeding 80% and relative standard deviations of about 8%. The developed methods for the determination of 20 PAHs were applied to the analysis of water samples from the Karasun Lake (Krasnodar), Azov Sea (Temryuk) and Black Sea (Sochi).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27238586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T02:23:42Z","timestamp":1670293422000},"page":"8586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Simultaneous Dispersive Liquid\u2013Liquid Microextraction and Determination of Different Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5284-0317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zaual","family":"Temerdashev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and High Technologies, Kuban State University, Stavropolskaya St. 149, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2001-7937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surendra","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences (SAGEONS), Discipline of Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Musorina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and High Technologies, Kuban State University, Stavropolskaya St. 149, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Chervonnaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and High Technologies, Kuban State University, Stavropolskaya St. 149, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanna","family":"Arutyunyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and High Technologies, Kuban State University, Stavropolskaya St. 149, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/10406638.2014.994071","article-title":"Overview of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (PAC)","volume":"35","author":"Achten","year":"2015","journal-title":"Polycycl. 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