{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T22:31:02Z","timestamp":1784673062211,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent decades, the use of herbs and plants has been of great interest, as they have been the sources of natural products, commonly named as bioactive compounds. In specific, the natural compounds from the Capparaceae family which has been proved to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-carcinogenic activities, by several studies. Cleome arabica L. (CA) specie is the most used medicinal plants in Tunisia and elsewhere in North African countries for treatment of various diseases including diabetes, rheumatism, inflammation, cancer, and digestive disorders. The current work was undertaken to estimate the total phenolic, flavonoid and condensed tannin contents, to identify and quantify the polyphenolic compounds, and to evaluate the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory proprieties of CA fruits extract against formalin induced chronic inflammation in Female Wistar rats. In fact, the antioxidant activity was tested by Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging (DPPH), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Nitric Oxide radical (NO\u00b7). Anti-inflammatory effect of fruits extract was examined using formalin (2%) induced paw edema in rats. Molecular docking tools were used to investigate the interaction of some compounds from CA fruits extract with the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) target protein. Our results showed that, the total phenolic, flavonoid and tannins contents, which were assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteu, Quercetin, and Catechin methods, respectively, were 230.22 mg gallic acid equivalent\/g dry weight (mg GAE\/g DW), 55.08 mg quercetin equivalent\/g dry weight (QE\/g DW) and 15.17 mg catechin equivalents\/g dry weight (CatE\/g DW), respectively. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of five polyphenolic compounds whose catechin was found to be the most abundant compounds. The antioxidant activity of extract was quantified by DPPH, FRAP and NO\u00b7 tests and IC50 reached the values of 3.346 mg\/mL, 2.306 and 0.023 mg\/mL, respectively. Cleome fruits ameliorated the histological integrity of the skin and alleviated the disruptions in hematological parameters (WBC, LYM, RBC, and HGB), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, TNF-\u03b1), C-reactive protein, and some oxidative stress markers (TBARS (\u221249%) and AOPP (\u221242%) levels, SOD (+33%) and GPx (+75%) activities, and GSH (+49%) content) induced by formalin injection. Moreover, the in-silico investigation had shown that CA fruits extract compounds have a stronger interaction with COX-2 active site, more than the reference drug \u201cindomethacin\u201d (two H-bonds). Our research gives pharmacological backing to the healthcare utilization of Cleome plant in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and oxidative harm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28010026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T03:31:06Z","timestamp":1671593466000},"page":"26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cleome arabica L. Fruits Extract against Formalin Induced Chronic Inflammation in Female Wistar Rat: Biochemical, Histological, and In Silico Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ikram","family":"Allagui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 95, Sfax 3052, Tunisia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University Campus Sidi Ahmed Zarroug, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mabrouk","family":"Horchani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity (LR11Es39), Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of Environment, Monastir 5000, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nourhene","family":"Zammel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Histo-Embryology and Cytogenetics, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maroua","family":"Jalouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelfatteh","family":"Elfeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 95, Sfax 3052, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Choumous","family":"Kallel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Hematology, University of Sfax, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax 3029, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9415-9383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lamjed","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salah","family":"Alwasel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2170-1303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdel Halim","family":"Harrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5858-1803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hichem Ben","family":"Jannet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity (LR11Es39), Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of Environment, Monastir 5000, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Salah Allagui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 95, Sfax 3052, Tunisia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University Campus Sidi Ahmed Zarroug, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kheiria","family":"Hcini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biodiversity, Biotechnology and Climate Change Laboratory (LR11ES09), Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia"},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University Campus Sidi Ahmed Zarroug, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2021.108634","article-title":"Dietary polyphenols suppress chronic inflammation by modulation of multiple inflammation-associated cell signaling pathways","volume":"93","author":"Jantan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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