{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:44:42Z","timestamp":1789515882199,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]],"date-time":"2023-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union and Greek national funds","award":["T6YBP-00033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T6YBP-00033"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>C. vulgaris microalgae biomass was employed for the extraction of valuable bioactive compounds with deep eutectic-based solvents (DESs). Particularly, the Choline Chloride (ChCl) based DESs, ChCl:1,2 butanediol (1:4), ChCl:ethylene glycol (1:2), and ChCl:glycerol (1:2) mixed with water at 70\/30 w\/w ratio were used for that purpose. The extracts\u2019 total carotenoid (TCC) and phenolic contents (TPC), as well as their antioxidant activity (IC50), were determined within the process of identification of the most efficient solvent. This screening procedure revealed ChCl:1,2 butanediol (1:4)\/H2O 70\/30 w\/w as the most compelling solvent; thus, it was employed thereafter for the extraction process optimization. Three extraction parameters, i.e., solvent-to-biomass ratio, temperature, and time were studied regarding their impact on the extract\u2019s TCC, TPC, and IC50. For the experimental design and process optimization, the statistical tool Response Surface Methodology was used. The resulting models\u2019 predictive capacity was confirmed experimentally by carrying out two additional extractions under conditions different from the experimental design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28010415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T02:54:55Z","timestamp":1672800895000},"page":"415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from C. vulgaris Biomass Using Deep Eutectic Solvents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9632-0006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Myrto","family":"Dardavila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, Zografou Campus, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Pappou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, Zografou Campus, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Marine Sciences, University of Aegean, University Hill, Lesvos Island, 81100 Mytilene, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8221-6865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria G.","family":"Savvidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, Zografou Campus, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4238-1991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Louli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, Zografou Campus, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Katapodis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8196-4885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haralambos","family":"Stamatis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kostis","family":"Magoulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, Zografou Campus, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9393-6267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Epaminondas","family":"Voutsas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, Zografou Campus, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6891","DOI":"10.1021\/jf302183x","article-title":"Mulberry leaf polyphenol extract induced apoptosis involving regulation of adenosine monophosphate\u2013activated protein kinase\/fatty acid synthase in a p53\u2013negative hepatocellular carcinoma cell","volume":"60","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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