{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:09:57Z","timestamp":1792120197208,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/20011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/20011"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","award":["K\u03a0-06M31\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K\u03a0-06M31\/1"]}]},{"name":"Internal project No. 40 of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Ni\u0161","award":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/20011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/20011"]}]},{"name":"Internal project No. 40 of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Ni\u0161","award":["K\u03a0-06M31\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K\u03a0-06M31\/1"]}]},{"name":"National Science fund of Bulgaria","award":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/20011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-68\/2022-14\/20011"]}]},{"name":"National Science fund of Bulgaria","award":["K\u03a0-06M31\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K\u03a0-06M31\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Three new monosquaramides (3a\u2013c) were synthesized, characterized by IR, NMR and X-ray, and evaluated for inhibitory activity against deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) and xanthine oxidase (XO) in vitro. The target compounds inhibited DNase I with IC50 values below 100 \u03bcM, being at the same time more potent DNase I inhibitors than crystal violet, used as a positive control. 3-Ethoxy-4-((1-(pyridin-3-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (3c) stood out as the most potent compound, exhibiting a slightly better IC50 value (48.04 \u00b1 7.98 \u03bcM) compared to the other two compounds. In order to analyze potential binding sites for the studied compounds with DNase I, a molecular docking study was performed. Compounds 3a\u2013c are among the most potent small organic DNase I inhibitors tested to date.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28020538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T02:20:30Z","timestamp":1672971630000},"page":"538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Synthesis and DNase I Inhibitory Properties of New Squaramides"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Nina","family":"Ruseva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hristina","family":"Sbirkova-Dimitrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography \u201cAkad. Ivan Kostov\u201d, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Bl. 107, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9761-0355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariyana","family":"Atanasova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Markovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ni\u0161, Bulevar Zorana \u0110in\u0111i\u0107a 81, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u017daklina","family":"\u0160melcerovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedicinal Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ni\u0161, Bulevar Zorana \u0110in\u0111i\u0107a 81, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7724-0967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrija","family":"\u0160melcerovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ni\u0161, Bulevar Zorana \u0110in\u0111i\u0107a 81, 18000 Ni\u0161, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0315-3179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Bakalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1097-1850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emiliya","family":"Cherneva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. 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