{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T21:12:43Z","timestamp":1779138763712,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,15]],"date-time":"2023-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ERDF project","award":["1.1.1.1\/19\/A\/146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.1\/19\/A\/146"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It has now been proven that many pathogens that cause infections and inflammation gradually mutate and become resistant to antibiotics. Chemically synthesized drugs treating inflammation most often only affect symptoms, but side effects could lead to the failure of human organs\u2019 functionality. On the other hand, plant-derived natural compounds have a long-term healing effect. It was shown that sea buckthorn (SBT) twigs are a rich source of biologically active compounds, including oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PACs). This study aimed to assess the anti-pathogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of water\/ethanol extracts and PACs obtained from the lignocellulosic biomass of eight SBT cultivars. The anti-pathogenic activity of extracts and PACs was studied against pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and fungus Candida albicans in 96-well plates by the two-fold serial broth microdilution method. The anti-bacterial activity of purified PACs was 4 and 10 times higher than for water and water\/ethanol extracts, respectively, but the extracts had higher anti-fungal activity. Purified PACs showed the ability to reduce IL-8 and IL-6 secretion from poly-I:C-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. For the extracts and PACs of SBT cultivar \u2018Maria Bruvele\u2019 in the concentration range 0.0313\u20134.0 mg\/mL, no toxic effect was observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28020863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T04:57:19Z","timestamp":1673845039000},"page":"863","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Bacterial, and Anti-Fungal Activity of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins and Extracts Obtained from Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Andersone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Lignin Chemistry, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Ekokompozit Ltd., Dzerbenes Street 27, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarmite","family":"Janceva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Lignin Chemistry, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0169-3027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liga","family":"Lauberte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Finished Dosage Forms, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0097-0931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Ramata-Stunda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vizma","family":"Nikolajeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalija","family":"Zaharova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Lignin Chemistry, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Ekokompozit Ltd., Dzerbenes Street 27, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gints","family":"Rieksts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Lignin Chemistry, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Heat and Mass Transfer, The Institute of Physics of University of Latvia, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Galina","family":"Telysheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Lignin Chemistry, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, December 04). 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