{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:51:38Z","timestamp":1791607898844,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,22]],"date-time":"2023-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2019YFA0110500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFA0110500"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2019A050510028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019A050510028"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2017GC010411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017GC010411"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2021KCXTD056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021KCXTD056"]}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Guangdong Province","award":["2019YFA0110500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFA0110500"]}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Guangdong Province","award":["2019A050510028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019A050510028"]}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Guangdong Province","award":["2017GC010411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017GC010411"]}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Guangdong Province","award":["2021KCXTD056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021KCXTD056"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program","award":["2019YFA0110500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFA0110500"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program","award":["2019A050510028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019A050510028"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program","award":["2017GC010411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017GC010411"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program","award":["2021KCXTD056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021KCXTD056"]}]},{"name":"Project of Educational Commission of Guangdong Province","award":["2019YFA0110500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFA0110500"]}]},{"name":"Project of Educational Commission of Guangdong Province","award":["2019A050510028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019A050510028"]}]},{"name":"Project of Educational Commission of Guangdong Province","award":["2017GC010411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017GC010411"]}]},{"name":"Project of Educational Commission of Guangdong Province","award":["2021KCXTD056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021KCXTD056"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetes mellitus is a complicated metabolic disease that has become one of the fastest-growing health crises in modern society. Diabetic patients may suffer from various complications, and diabetic foot is one of them. It can lead to increased rates of lower-extremity amputation and mortality, even seriously threatening the life and health of patients. Because its healing process is affected by various factors, its management and treatment are very challenging. To address these problems, smart biomaterials have been developed to expedite diabetic wound closure and improve treatment outcomes. This review begins with a discussion of the basic mechanisms of wound recovery and the limitations of current dressings used for diabetic wound healing. Then, the categories and characteristics of the smart biomaterial scaffolds, which can be utilized as a delivery system for drugs with anti-inflammatory activity, bioactive agency, and antibacterial nanoparticles for diabetic wound treatment were described. In addition, it can act as a responsive system to the stimulus of the pH, reactive oxygen species, and glucose concentration from the wound microenvironment. These results show that smart biomaterials have an enormous perspective for the treatment of diabetic wounds in all stages of healing. Finally, the advantages of the construction of smart biomaterials are summarized, and possible new strategies for the clinical management of diabetic wounds are proposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28031110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T01:36:26Z","timestamp":1674437786000},"page":"1110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Construction of Smart Biomaterials for Promoting Diabetic Wound Healing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0063-3855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1861-2286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiyan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7579-2987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin-Ping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianhui","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"031503","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0046682","article-title":"Functional Hydrogels for Diabetic Wound Management","volume":"5","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"APL Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.11.050","article-title":"Silk Biomaterials in Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration Therapeutics: From Bench to Bedside","volume":"103","author":"Chouhan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1615439","article-title":"Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Their Recurrence","volume":"376","author":"Armstrong","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13569","article-title":"Update on Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers","volume":"1411","author":"Everett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55659","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c17142","article-title":"Improving Chronic Diabetic Wound Healing through an Injectable and Self-Healing Hydrogel with Platelet-Rich Plasma Release","volume":"12","author":"Qian","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001","article-title":"The Diabetic Foot: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Treatment","volume":"31","author":"Bandyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200223","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.200223","article-title":"Wound Healing: Cellular Mechanisms and Pathological Outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Biol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holl, J., Kowalewski, C., Zimek, Z., Fiedor, P., Kaminski, A., Oldak, T., Moniuszko, M., and Eljaszewicz, A. (2021). Chronic Diabetic Wounds and Their Treatment with Skin Substitutes. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10030655"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700223","article-title":"Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in Normal and Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"199","author":"Boniakowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00067.2017","article-title":"Wound Healing: A Cellular Perspective","volume":"99","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9148310","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9148310","article-title":"Epidermal Stem Cells in Wound Healing and Regeneration","volume":"2020","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1039\/D0BM01747G","article-title":"Advances of Hydrogel Dressings in Diabetic Wounds","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ridiandries, A., Tan, J.T.M., and Bursill, C.A. (2018). The Role of Chemokines in Wound Healing. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19103217"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-018-4296-3","article-title":"Biopolymers: Applications in Wound Healing and Skin Tissue Engineering","volume":"45","author":"Sahana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109191","article-title":"Emerging Progress on the Mechanism and Technology in Wound Repair","volume":"117","author":"Su","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9717","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S276001","article-title":"Potential Applications of Nanomaterials and Technology for Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"15","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.18293.1","article-title":"Toward Understanding Scarless Skin Wound Healing and Pathological Scarring [Version 1; Peer Review: 2 Approved]","volume":"8","author":"Karppinen","year":"2019","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.06.019","article-title":"Re-Epithelialization of Adult Skin Wounds: Cellular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"146","author":"Rousselle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2019.1094","article-title":"Nanotechnology Approaches in Chronic Wound Healing","volume":"10","author":"Engel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burgess, J.L., Wyant, W.A., Abujamra, B.A., Kirsner, R.S., and Jozic, I. (2021). Diabetic Wound-Healing Science. Medicina, 57.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57101072"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2218","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2966","article-title":"Understanding the Multifaceted Mechanisms of Diabetic Wound Healing and Therapeutic Application of Stem Cells Conditioned Medium in the Healing Process","volume":"13","author":"Fui","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2018.10.001","article-title":"Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms in Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"204","author":"Davis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"139","article-title":"Nitric Oxide Therapy for Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"8","author":"Maloney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8852759","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8852759","article-title":"The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"2021","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.120","article-title":"Recent Advancements in Biopolymer and Metal Nanoparticle-Based Materials in Diabetic Wound Healing Management","volume":"122","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-018-0970-z","article-title":"Dysfunctional Wound Healing in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: New Crossroads","volume":"18","author":"Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Diabetes Rep."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aitcheson, S.M., Frentiu, F.D., Hurn, S.E., Edwards, K., and Murray, R.Z. (2021). Skin Wound Healing: Normal Macrophage Function and Macrophage Dysfunction in Diabetic Wounds. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26164917"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.08.008","article-title":"Injectable Self-Assembling Peptide Nanofiber Hydrogel as a Bioactive 3D Platform to Promote Chronic Wound Tissue Regeneration","volume":"135","author":"Lou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y.C., Lee, H.C., Chen, C.L., Kuo, M.C., Ramachandran, S., Chen, R.F., and Kuo, Y.R. (2021). The Effects of Silver-Releasing Foam Dressings on Diabetic Foot Ulcer Healing. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10071495"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.32800","article-title":"Evaluation of Silver-Containing Activated Carbon Fiber for Wound Healing Study: In Vitro and in Vivo","volume":"100","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21788","article-title":"Overview of in Situ Gelling Injectable Hydrogels for Diabetic Wounds","volume":"82","author":"Mude","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gianino, E., Miller, C., and Gilmore, J. (2018). Smart Wound Dressings for Diabetic Chronic Wounds. Bioengineering, 5.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201805.0396.v1"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00904","article-title":"GMSC-Derived Exosomes Combined with a Chitosan\/Silk Hydrogel Sponge Accelerates Wound Healing in a Diabetic Rat Skin Defect Model","volume":"8","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, J.S., An, S.J., Jeong, S.I., Gwon, H.J., Lim, Y.M., and Nho, Y.C. (2017). Chestnut Honey Impregnated Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogel for Diabetic Ulcer Healing. Polymers, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym9070248"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118752","article-title":"In Situ-Formed Adhesive Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel with Prolonged Amnion-Derived Conditioned Medium Release for Diabetic Wound Repair","volume":"276","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2021.112169","article-title":"Improved Drug Delivery and Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing by Chondroitin Sulfate Grafted Alginate-Based Thermoreversible Hydrogels","volume":"126","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001778","article-title":"The Utility of Silk-Elastin Hydrogel as a New Material for Wound Healing","volume":"6","author":"Kawabata","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg. Glob. Open"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118994","article-title":"Dextran and Peptide-Based PH-Sensitive Hydrogel Boosts Healing Process in Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria-Infected Wounds","volume":"278","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.688467","article-title":"Robust Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis in the Skin of Diabetic Mice by Transient Delivery of Engineered VEGF and PDGF-BB Proteins in Fibrin Hydrogels","volume":"9","author":"Certelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2015.10.091","article-title":"Development and Physicochemical Characterization of Alginate Composite Film Loaded with Simvastatin as a Potential Wound Dressing","volume":"137","author":"Rezvanian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"rbab003","DOI":"10.1093\/rb\/rbab003","article-title":"Antioxidant Biocompatible Composite Collagen Dressing for Diabetic Wound Healing in Rat Model","volume":"8","author":"Qian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Regen. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2019.01.019","article-title":"Silver Nanoparticle Impregnated Chitosan-PEG Hydrogel Enhances Wound Healing in Diabetes Induced Rabbits","volume":"559","author":"Masood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.012","article-title":"Chitosan Reinforced Hydrogels with Swelling-Shrinking Behaviors in Response to Glucose Concentration","volume":"161","author":"Elshaarani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.009","article-title":"Chitosan-Based Nitric Oxide-Releasing Dressing for Anti-Biofilm and in Vivo Healing Activities in MRSA Biofilm-Infected Wounds","volume":"142","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hasan, N., Lee, J., Ahn, H.J., Hwang, W.R., Bahar, M.A., Habibie, H., Amir, M.N., Lallo, S., Son, H.J., and Yoo, J.W. (2022). Nitric Oxide-releasing Bacterial Cellulose\/Chitosan Crosslinked Hydrogels for the Treatment of Polymicrobial Wound Infections. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14010022"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116364","article-title":"Hyaluronic Acid\u2014Based Wound Dressings: A Review","volume":"241","author":"Miguel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24239","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c02040","article-title":"Acceleration of Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats through Poly Dimethylaminoethyl Acrylate-Hyaluronic Acid Polymeric Hydrogel Impregnated with a Didymocarpus Pedicellatus Plant Extract","volume":"5","author":"Mittal","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2021.100139","article-title":"Modulation of Macrophages by a Paeoniflorin-Loaded Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogel Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.067","article-title":"Chitosan\/Hyaluronic Acid\/Alginate and an Assorted Polymers Loaded with Honey, Plant, and Marine Compounds for Progressive Wound Healing\u2014Know-How","volume":"186","author":"Prasathkumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, Y., Wu, W., Lei, Y., Gaucher, C., Pei, S., Zhang, J., and Xia, X. (2019). Edaravone-Loaded Alginate-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogel Accelerated Chronic Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice. Mar. Drugs, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/md17050285"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.111589","article-title":"Highly Absorptive Dressing Composed of Natural Latex Loaded with Alginate for Exudate Control and Healing of Diabetic Wounds","volume":"119","author":"Barros","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.05.039","article-title":"A Hybrid Injectable Hydrogel from Hyperbranched PEG Macromer as a Stem Cell Delivery and Retention Platform for Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"75","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alven, S., and Aderibigbe, B.A. (2020). Chitosan and Cellulose-Based Hydrogels for Wound Management. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249656"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.100","article-title":"An in Situ Catechol Functionalized \u03b5-Polylysine\/Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Formed by Hydrogen Bonding Recombination with High Mechanical Property for Hemostasis","volume":"191","author":"Man","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b19415","article-title":"Autonomous Self-Healing Silk Fibroin Injectable Hydrogels Formed via Surfactant-Free Hydrophobic Association","volume":"12","author":"Meng","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5296","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TB01376H","article-title":"Polyelectrolyte Complexation via Viscoelastic Phase Separation Results in Tough and Self-Recovering Porous Hydrogels","volume":"7","author":"Murakawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807328","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201807328","article-title":"Reversible Ion-Conducting Switch in a Novel Single-Ion Supramolecular Hydrogel Enabled by Photoresponsive Host\u2013Guest Molecular Recognition","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700118","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201700118","article-title":"Simple Radical Polymerization of Poly(Alginate-Graft-N-Isopropylacrylamide) Injectable Thermoresponsive Hydrogel with the Potential for Localized and Sustained Delivery of Stem Cells and Bioactive Molecules","volume":"17","author":"Pentlavalli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.132664","article-title":"Exosomes Laden Self-Healing Injectable Hydrogel Enhances Diabetic Wound Healing via Regulating Macrophage Polarization to Accelerate Angiogenesis","volume":"430","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2015.04.007","article-title":"Combined Nitric Oxide-Releasing Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Film\/F127 Hydrogel for Accelerating Wound Healing","volume":"130","author":"Schanuel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34565","article-title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Thiol-Acrylate Hydrogels Using a Base-Catalyzed Michael Addition for 3D Cell Culture Applications","volume":"108","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res.\u2014Part B Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.005","article-title":"In Situ Forming Hydrogel of Natural Polysaccharides through Schiff Base Reaction for Soft Tissue Adhesive and Hemostasis","volume":"147","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.8b00380","article-title":"Injectable Macroporous Hydrogel Formed by Enzymatic Cross-Linking of Gelatin Microgels","volume":"1","author":"Hou","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00332B","article-title":"The Chemistry and Engineering of Polymeric Hydrogel Adhesives for Wound Closure: A Tutorial","volume":"44","author":"Ghobril","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.04.007","article-title":"Bioactive Skin-Mimicking Hydrogel Band-Aids for Diabetic Wound Healing and Infectious Skin Incision Treatment","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701388","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201701388","article-title":"Phenylboronic Acid Functionalized Polycarbonate Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Polymyxin B in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Burn Wounds","volume":"7","author":"Obuobi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56898","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c19492","article-title":"Self-Assembled Herbal Medicine Encapsulated by an Oxidation-Sensitive Supramolecular Hydrogel for Chronic Wound Treatment","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2104229","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202104229","article-title":"All-in-One: Multifunctional Hydrogel Accelerates Oxidative Diabetic Wound Healing through Timed-Release of Exosome and Fibroblast Growth Factor","volume":"18","author":"Xiong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.120608","article-title":"Cryogel\/Hydrogel Biomaterials and Acupuncture Combined to Promote Diabetic Skin Wound Healing through Immunomodulation","volume":"269","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.111273","article-title":"Rapid Gelation of Oxidized Hyaluronic Acid and Succinyl Chitosan for Integration with Insulin-Loaded Micelles and Epidermal Growth Factor on Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"117","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.03.044","article-title":"Heparin-Poloxamer Thermosensitive Hydrogel Loaded with BFGF and NGF Enhances Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Diabetic Rats","volume":"168","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900046","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201900046","article-title":"Adhesive Hemostatic Conducting Injectable Composite Hydrogels with Sustained Drug Release and Photothermal Antibacterial Activity to Promote Full-Thickness Skin Regeneration During Wound Healing","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16315","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b03868","article-title":"Encapsulation of Curcumin Nanoparticles with MMP9-Responsive and Thermos-Sensitive Hydrogel Improves Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33584","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c09889","article-title":"Inflammation-Responsive Drug-Loaded Hydrogels with Sequential Hemostasis, Antibacterial, and Anti-Inflammatory Behavior for Chronically Infected Diabetic Wound Treatment","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.29766","article-title":"Engineering Bioactive Self-Healing Antibacterial Exosomes Hydrogel for Promoting Chronic Diabetic Wound Healing and Complete Skin Regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8694","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b00376","article-title":"The Kinetics of Small Extracellular Vesicle Delivery Impacts Skin Tissue Regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Cardoso","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.120020","article-title":"Exosome Laden Oxygen Releasing Antioxidant and Antibacterial Cryogel Wound Dressing OxOBand Alleviate Diabetic and Infectious Wound Healing","volume":"249","author":"Shiekh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1039\/C9BM01207A","article-title":"The Fabrication of a Highly e Ffi Cient Self-Healing Hydrogel from Natural Biopolymers Loaded with Exosomes for the Synergistic Promotion of Severe Wound Healing","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999750","DOI":"10.1177\/2041731421999750","article-title":"Development of Stabilized Dual Growth Factor-Loaded Hyaluronate Collagen Dressing Matrix","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, M.J., Lu, M.C., Chan, Y.C., Huang, Y.F., and Chang, H.Y. (2021). An Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Conjugated Bombyx Mori Silk Fibroin Film for Diabeticwound Healing: Fabrication, Physicochemical Property Characterization, and Dosage Optimization in Vitro and in Vivo. Pharmaceutics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13091459"},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"1421","article-title":"Lactobacillus Bulgaricus and Lactobacillus Plantarum Improve Diabetic Wound Healing through Modulating Inflammatory Factors","volume":"68","author":"Mohtashami","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105749","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202105749","article-title":"Engineering Bacteria-Activated Multifunctionalized Hydrogel for Promoting Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"31","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"1117","article-title":"Effects and Mechanism of Lactococcus Lactis Thermo-Sensitive Hydrogel on the Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Defects in Diabetic Mice","volume":"36","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505102","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ac2536","article-title":"Quercetin Loaded Silver Nanoparticles in Hydrogel Matrices for Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"32","author":"Badhwar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.080","article-title":"Calcium Ion Cross-Linked Sodium Alginate Hydrogels Containing Deferoxamine and Copper Nanoparticles for Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"202","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-01151-5","article-title":"A Thermoreversible Antibacterial Zeolite-Based Nanoparticles Loaded Hydrogel Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing via Detrimental Factor Neutralization and ROS Scavenging","volume":"19","author":"Qi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10279","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b03656","article-title":"Efficient Angiogenesis-Based Diabetic Wound Healing\/Skin Reconstruction through Bioactive Antibacterial Adhesive Ultraviolet Shielding Nanodressing with Exosome Release","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30480","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c02725","article-title":"Development of a Microenvironment-Responsive Hydrogel Promoting Chronically Infected Diabetic Wound Healing through Sequential Hemostatic, Antibacterial, and Angiogenic Activities","volume":"14","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.04.008","article-title":"Glucose-Sensitive Self-Healing Hydrogel as Sacrificial Materials to Fabricate Vascularized Constructs","volume":"133","author":"Tseng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.11.043","article-title":"Glucose-Responsive Multifunctional Metal\u2013Organic Drug-Loaded Hydrogel for Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"140","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700718","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201700718","article-title":"An Advanced Multifunctional Hydrogel-Based Dressing for Wound Monitoring and Drug Delivery","volume":"6","author":"Mirani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2106406","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202106406","article-title":"Pro-Healing Zwitterionic Skin Sensor Enables Multi-Indicator Distinction and Continuous Real-Time Monitoring","volume":"31","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845735","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.845735","article-title":"Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogels for Wound Dressing: Design Considerations and Clinical Applications","volume":"10","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/28\/3\/1110\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:13:33Z","timestamp":1760120013000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/28\/3\/1110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,22]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules28031110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules28031110","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,22]]}}}