{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T04:21:41Z","timestamp":1787977301131,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"China Scholarship Council","award":["PRIN2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN2020"]}]},{"name":"MUR project, \u201cNature Inspired Crystal Engineering\u201d","award":["PRIN2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN2020"]}]},{"name":"University of Bologna","award":["PRIN2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN2020"]}]},{"name":"National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada","award":["PRIN2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Co-crystallization of kojic acid (HKA) with silver(I), copper(II), zinc(II), or gallium(III) salts yielded three 1D coordination polymers and one 0D complex in which kojic acid was present as a neutral or anionic terminal or bridging ligand. All reactions were conducted mechanochemically via ball milling and manual grinding, or via slurry. All solids were fully characterized via single-crystal and\/or powder X-ray diffraction. As kojic acid is a mild antimicrobial compound that is widely used in cosmetics, and the metal cations possess antibacterial properties, their combinations were tested for potential antibacterial applications. The minimal inhibition concentrations (MICs) and minimal biocidal concentrations (MBCs) for all compounds were measured against standard strains of the bacteria P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. coli. All compounds exerted appreciable antimicrobial activity in the order of silver, zinc, copper, and gallium complexes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28031244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T01:33:37Z","timestamp":1675042417000},"page":"1244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Exploring the Co-Crystallization of Kojic Acid with Silver(I), Copper(II), Zinc(II), and Gallium(III) for Potential Antibacterial Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Renren","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Chimica \u201cGiacomo Ciamician\u201d, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Casali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Chimica \u201cGiacomo Ciamician\u201d, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9263-0776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raymond J.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Chimica \u201cGiacomo Ciamician\u201d, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizia","family":"Grepioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Chimica \u201cGiacomo Ciamician\u201d, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2019). 2019 Antibacterial Agents in Clinical Development: An Analysis of the Antibacterial Clinical Development Pipeline, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200461471","article-title":"The composition of Ehrlich\u2019s salvarsan: Resolution of a century-old debate","volume":"44","author":"Lloyd","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angew. 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