{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T12:54:52Z","timestamp":1780491292973,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deputyship for Research &amp; Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia","award":["IFKSURG-2-347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IFKSURG-2-347"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Previously reported data suggest that hibiscetin, isolated from roselle, contains delphinidin-3-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside including anthocyanidins and has a broad range of physiological effects. In this study, we aim to analyze the effect of hibiscetin neuroprotective ability in rats against 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA)-induced Huntington\u2019s disease (HD). Methods: To investigate possible toxicities in animals, oral acute toxicity studies of hibiscetin were undertaken, and results revealed the safety of hibiscetin in animals with a maximum tolerated dose. Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6); (group-1) treated with normal saline, (group-2) hibiscetin (10 mg\/kg) only, (group-3) 3-NPA only, and (group-4) 3-NPA +10 mg\/kg hibiscetin. The efficacy of hibiscetin 10 mg\/kg was studied with the administration of 3-NPA doses for the induction of experimentally induced HD symptoms in rats. The mean body weight (MBW) was recorded at end of the study on day 22 to evaluate any change in mean body weight. Several biochemical parameters were assessed to support oxidative stress (GSH, SOD, CAT, LPO, GR, and GPx), alteration in neurotransmitters (DOPAC, HVA, 5-HIAA, norepinephrine, serotonin, GABA, and dopamine), alterations in BDNF and cleaved caspase (caspase 3) activity. Additionally, inflammatory markers, i.e., tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1), interleukins beta (IL-1\u03b2), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were evaluated. Results: The hibiscetin-treated group exhibits a substantial restoration of MBW than the 3-NPA control group. Furthermore, 3-NPA caused a substantial alteration in biochemical, neurotransmitter monoamines, and neuroinflammatory parameters which were restored successfully by hibiscetin. Conclusion: The current study linked the possible role of hibiscetin by offering neuroprotection in experimental animal models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28031402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T01:53:54Z","timestamp":1675302834000},"page":"1402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Neuroprotectant Effects of Hibiscetin in 3-Nitropropionic Acid-Induced Huntington\u2019s Disease via Subsiding Oxidative Stress and Modulating Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Rats Brain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7083-1753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wael A.","family":"Mahdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6603-6116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shareefa A.","family":"AlGhamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira M.","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8913-0826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Sarim","family":"Imam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0922-9819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sultan","family":"Alshehri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad A.","family":"Almaniea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baraa Mohammed","family":"Hajjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad A.","family":"Al-Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadeem","family":"Sayyed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur 247121, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1881-5219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imran","family":"Kazmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-015-0248-1","article-title":"Neural and mesenchymal stem cells in animal models of Huntington\u2019s disease: Past experiences and future challenges","volume":"6","author":"Kerkis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. 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