{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T03:17:55Z","timestamp":1791602275423,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Ugi four-component reaction (Ugi-4CR) undoubtedly is the most prominent multicomponent reaction (MCRs) that has sparked organic chemists\u2019 interest in the field. It has been widely used in the synthesis of diverse heterocycle molecules such as potential drugs, natural product analogs, pseudo peptides, macrocycles, and functional materials. The Ugi-4CRs involve the use of an amine, an aldehyde or ketone, an isocyanide, and a carboxylic acid to produce an \u03b1-acetamido carboxamide derivative, which has significantly advanced the field of isocyanide-based MCRs. The so-called intermediate nitrilium ion could be trapped by a nucleophile such as azide, N-hydroxyphthalimide, thiol, saccharin, phenol, water, and hydrogen sulfide instead of the original carboxylic acid to allow for a wide variety of Ugi-type reactions to occur.\u03b2 In addition to isocyanide, there are alternative reagents for the other three components: amine, isocyanide, and aldehyde or ketone. All these alternative components render the Ugi reaction an aptly diversity-oriented synthesis of a myriad of biologically active molecules and complex scaffolds. Consequently, this review will delve deeper into alternative components used in the Ugi MCRs, particularly over the past ten years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28041642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]],"date-time":"2023-02-09T01:37:07Z","timestamp":1675906627000},"page":"1642","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Ugi Four-Component Reactions Using Alternative Reactants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5573-5539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyyed Emad","family":"Hooshmand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran 1993893973, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6097-2763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7632","DOI":"10.1039\/C9OB00772E","article-title":"Consecutive Multicomponent Reactions for the Synthesis of Complex Molecules","volume":"17","author":"Zhi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Org. 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