{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:37:49Z","timestamp":1792143469239,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antrocaryon klaineanum is traditionally used for the treatment of back pain, malaria, female sterility, chlamydiae infections, liver diseases, wounds, and hemorrhoid. This work aimed at investigating the bioactive compounds with antileishmanial and antiplasmodial activities from A. klaineanum. An unreported glucocerebroside antroklaicerebroside (1) together with five known compounds (2\u20136) were isolated from the root barks of Antrocaryon klaineanum using chromatographic techniques. The NMR, MS, and IR spectroscopic data in association with previous literature were used for the characterization of all the isolated compounds. Compounds 1\u20134 are reported for the first time from A. klaineanum. The methanol crude extract (AK-MeOH), the n-hexane fraction (AK-Hex), the dichloromethane fraction (AK-DCM), the ethyl acetate fraction (AK-EtOAc), and compounds 1\u20136 were all evaluated for their antiparasitic effects against Plasmodium falciparum strains susceptible to chloroquine (3D7), resistant to chloroquine (Dd2), and promastigotes of Leishmania donovani (MHOM\/SD\/62\/1S). The AK-Hex, AK-EtOAc, AK-MeOH, and compound 2 were strongly active against Dd2 strain with IC50 ranging from 2.78 \u00b1 0.06 to 9.30 \u00b1 0.29 \u00b5g\/mL. Particularly, AK-MeOH was the most active\u2014more than the reference drugs used\u2014with an IC50 of 2.78 \u00b1 0.06 \u00b5g\/mL. The AK-EtOAc as well as all the tested compounds showed strong antileishmanial activities with IC50 ranging from 4.80 \u00b1 0.13 to 9.14 \u00b1 0.96 \u00b5g\/mL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28062730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T03:30:31Z","timestamp":1679283031000},"page":"2730","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Antileishmanial and Antiplasmodial Activities of Secondary Metabolites from the Root of Antrocaryon klaineanum Pierre (Anacardiaceae)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Gabrielle","family":"Amang \u00e0 Ngnoung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon"},{"name":"Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lazare","family":"Sidjui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon"},{"name":"Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 812, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4268-3746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peron","family":"Leutcha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon"},{"name":"Natural Product and Environmental Chemistry Group (NAPEC), Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers\u2019 Training College, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 55, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7081-1093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yves","family":"Nganso Ditchou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 812, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauve","family":"Tchokouaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology and Drugs Discovery, IMPM, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ga\u00ebtan","family":"Herbette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Spectropole, Campus de St J\u00e9r\u00f4me-Service 511, 13397 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Baghdikian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS 7263, IRD 237, Avignon Universit\u00e9, IMBE, 27 Blvd Jean Moulin, Service of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodora","family":"Kowa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desire","family":"Soh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 812, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College Bambili, The University of Bamenda, Bambili, Bamenda P.O. Box 39, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6127-0923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raoul","family":"Kemzeu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit, Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde P.O. Box 812, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7289-3408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madan","family":"Poka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Demana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8667-8351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Siwe Noundou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alembert","family":"Tchinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3147-364X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrice","family":"Fekam Boyom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit, Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde P.O. Box 812, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5422-0357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alain","family":"Lannang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Product and Environmental Chemistry Group (NAPEC), Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers\u2019 Training College, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 55, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere P.O. Box 454, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barth\u00e9lemy","family":"Nyass\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 812, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thokouaha, Y.L.R., Appiah-Opong, R., Tsouh, F.P.V., Tsabang, N., Fekam, B.F., Nyarko, A.K., and Wilson, M.D. (2017). Marine algae as source of novel antileishmanial drugs: A review. Mar. Drugs, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/md15110323"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4417","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2020.1723085","article-title":"Cytotoxicity of a new tirucallane derivative isolated from Stereospermum acuminatissimum K. 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