{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T19:13:35Z","timestamp":1780773215015,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination of the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88881.708019\/2022-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.708019\/2022-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination of the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IBPG-0457-1.06\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IBPG-0457-1.06\/20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006162","name":"Research Support Foundation of Pernambuco (FACEPE)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88881.708019\/2022-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.708019\/2022-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006162","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006162","name":"Research Support Foundation of Pernambuco (FACEPE)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IBPG-0457-1.06\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IBPG-0457-1.06\/20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006162","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Theranostics combines therapeutic and imaging diagnostic techniques that are extremely dependent on the action of imaging agent, transporter of therapeutic molecules, and specific target ligand, in which fluorescent probes can act as diagnostic agents. In particular, naphthoimidazoles are potential bioactive heterocycle compounds to be used in several biomedical applications. With this aim, a group of seven naphth[1,2-d]imidazole compounds were synthesized from \u03b2-lapachone. Their optical properties and their cytotoxic activity against cancer cells and their compounds were evaluated and confirmed promising values for molar absorptivity coefficients (on the order of 103 to 104), intense fluorescence emissions in the blue region, and large Stokes shifts (20\u2013103 nm). Furthermore, the probes were also selective for analyzed cancer cells (leukemic cells (HL-60). The naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles showed IC50 between 8.71 and 29.92 \u03bcM against HL-60 cells. For HCT-116 cells, values for IC50 between 21.12 and 62.11 \u03bcM were observed. The selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells and the fluorescence of the synthesized naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles are promising responses that make possible the application of these components in antitumor theranostic systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28073008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T04:37:15Z","timestamp":1679978235000},"page":"3008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles Bioactive from \u03b2-Lapachone: Fluorescent Probes and Cytotoxic Agents to Cancer Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Vict\u00f3ria Laysna dos Anjos","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Vale do S\u00e3o Francisco, Av. Jos\u00e9 de S\u00e1 Mani\u00e7oba s\/n, Campus Centro, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arlan de Assis","family":"Gonsalves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Vale do S\u00e3o Francisco, Av. Jos\u00e9 de S\u00e1 Mani\u00e7oba s\/n, Campus Centro, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Materials Science, Universidade Federal do Vale do S\u00e3o Francisco, Av. Ant\u00f4nio Carlos Magalh\u00e3es 510, Campus Juazeiro, Juazeiro 48902-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00e9lis Galv\u00e3o","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia\u2014RENORBIO, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9061-4035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidney Silva","family":"Simplicio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Vale do S\u00e3o Francisco, Av. Jos\u00e9 de S\u00e1 Mani\u00e7oba s\/n, Campus Centro, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7565-5576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helinando Pequeno de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Materials Science, Universidade Federal do Vale do S\u00e3o Francisco, Av. Ant\u00f4nio Carlos Magalh\u00e3es 510, Campus Juazeiro, Juazeiro 48902-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara Polyana Silva","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Piau\u00ed, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6093-6781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc\u00edlia Pinheiro da","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Piau\u00ed, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4737-5008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1tima de C\u00e1ssia Evangelista de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4344-4336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0422-5541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cle\u00f4nia Roberta Melo","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Vale do S\u00e3o Francisco, Av. Jos\u00e9 de S\u00e1 Mani\u00e7oba s\/n, Campus Centro, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1021\/bc200151q","article-title":"Theranostics: Combining Imaging and Therapy","volume":"22","author":"Kelkar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioconjugate Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.11.008","article-title":"Nanomedicine\u2014Advantages for their use in rheumatoid arthritis theranostics","volume":"316","author":"Xiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"19","article-title":"Modeling drug release from functionalized magnetic nanoparticles actuated by non-heating low frequency magnetic field","volume":"64","author":"Golovin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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