{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T23:24:27Z","timestamp":1787959467987,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22071065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22071065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022A1515011743"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515011743"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22071065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22071065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022A1515011743"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515011743"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cancer is threatening the survival of human beings all over the world. Phototherapy (including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT)) and bioimaging are important tools for imaging\u2013mediated cancer theranostics. Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) dyes have received more attention due to their high thermal and photochemical stability, efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and thermal effects, easy functionalization, and tunable photophysical properties. In this review, we outline the latest achievements of DPP derivatives in cancer therapy and imaging over the past three years. DPP-based conjugated polymers and small molecules for detection, bioimaging, PTT, photoacoustic imaging (PAI)-guided PTT, and PDT\/PTT combination therapy are summarized. Their design principles and chemical structures are highlighted. The outlook, challenges, and future opportunities for the development of DPP derivatives are also presented, which will give a future perspective for cancer treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28104097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T02:27:04Z","timestamp":1684204024000},"page":"4097","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Recent Advances of Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives in Cancer Therapy and Imaging Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2522-5439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bihong","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueguang","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5658-1145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derong","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13020","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TC03640G","article-title":"Rational Molecular Design towards NIR Absorption: Efficient Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives for Organic Solar Cells and Photothermal Therapy","volume":"7","author":"Patil","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2018.11.023","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Fluorescent Probes for Detection and Bioimaging: Current Progresses and Perspectives","volume":"162","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dyes Pigments"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Auwalu, M.A., and Cheng, S. (2021). Diketopyrrolopyrrole Fluorescent Probes, Photophysical and Biological Applications. Chemosensors, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/chemosensors9030044"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14066","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201814098","article-title":"Enhancement of Photodynamic Cancer Therapy by Physical and Chemical Factors","volume":"58","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7910","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b01320","article-title":"Organelle-Targeting Gold Nanorods for Macromolecular Profiling of Subcellular Organelles and Enhanced Cancer Cell Killing","volume":"10","author":"Shen","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2280","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00522A","article-title":"Organic Molecule-Based Photothermal Agents: An Expanding Photothermal Therapy Universe","volume":"47","author":"Jung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30398","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b09025","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Photosensitizers Conjugated with Chemotherapeutic Agents for Multimodal Tumor Therapy","volume":"9","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2021.10.054","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole-derived Organic Small Molecular Dyes for Tumor Phototheranostics","volume":"33","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2020.108599","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole: An Emerging Phototherapy Agent in Fighting Cancer","volume":"181","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dyes Pigments"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4155","DOI":"10.6023\/cjoc202005041","article-title":"Research Progress in Cancer Treatment by Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Photosensitizers and Photothermal Agents","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2021.109480","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives-Based NIR-II Fluorophores for Theranostics","volume":"193","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dyes Pigments"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11546","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b01850","article-title":"Tetraphenylethene End-Capped Diketopyrrolopyrrole Fluorogens with AIE and Large Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Sections Features and Application in Bioimaging","volume":"9","author":"Ding","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3617","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201805436","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole Bis-Phosphonate Conjugate: A New Fluorescent Probe for In Vitro Bone Imaging","volume":"25","author":"Chiminazzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.synthmet.2019.116123","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole and Benzodithiophene Based near Infrared-Emitting Small Molecule for Imaging Applications","volume":"256","author":"Washington","year":"2019","journal-title":"Synth. Met."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5699","DOI":"10.1039\/C9SC01153F","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Fluorescence Probes for the Imaging of Lysosomal Zn 2+ and Identification of Prostate Cancer in Human Tissue","volume":"10","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201905634","article-title":"Development of a Neutral Diketopyrrolopyrrole Phosphine Oxide for the Selective Bioimaging of Mitochondria at the Nanomolar Level","volume":"26","author":"Abelha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14240","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202102312","article-title":"A Small-Molecule Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Dye for in Vivo NIR-IIa Fluorescence Bioimaging","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2014.10.058","article-title":"Probing Sugar\u2013Lectin Recognitions in the near-Infrared Region Using Glyco-Diketopyrrolopyrrole with Aggregation-Induced-Emission","volume":"65","author":"Hang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2018.10.091","article-title":"Mannose-Functionalized Diketopyrrolopyrrole as AIE-Active Probes for Lectin Detection and Cancer Cell Imaging","volume":"282","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B Chem."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2022.110267","article-title":"Turn-on Fluorescence Probe for BSA Detection and Selective Cell Imaging","volume":"202","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dyes Pigments"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5786","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b00014","article-title":"Mitochondria-Targeted Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe Based on Diketopyrrolopyrrole for Detecting and Imaging of Endogenous Superoxide Anion in Vitro and in Vivo","volume":"91","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13099292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2021.130992","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Sensor for over-Expressed Peroxynitrite in Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Ratiometric Fluorescence Imaging","volume":"352","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2019.127632","article-title":"A Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Hybrid Organic Nanoprobe for Ratiometric Imaging of Endogenous Hypochlorite in Live Cells","volume":"307","author":"Nie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B Chem."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8183","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TC01836H","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Multifunctional Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe and \u03b3-Glutamyltranspeptidase-Triggered Activatable Photosensitizer for Tumor Therapy","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2022.132892","article-title":"A Lipid Droplet-Targeted Multifunctional AIE-Active Fluorescent Probe for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection and Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"375","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B Chem."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8842","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB01480C","article-title":"A Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Endogenous Leucine Aminopeptidase Detecting and Imaging with Specific Phototoxicity in Tumor Cells","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.120098","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Fluorescent Probe for Endogenous Bisulfite Detection and Bisulfite Triggered Phototoxicity Specific in Liver Cancer Cells","volume":"262","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta. A. Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1039\/C9QM00471H","article-title":"A Glutathione Responsive Pyrrolopyrrolidone Nanotheranostic Agent for Turn-on Fluorescence Imaging Guided Photothermal\/Photodynamic Cancer Therapy","volume":"3","author":"Zou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Front."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.111532","article-title":"Development of Novel Nanoporphyrin Biomaterials for NIR-II Activated Photothermal Therapy against Tumor in Vivo","volume":"225","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1039\/D2BM02024F","article-title":"A Novel Donor\u2013Acceptor Structured Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Conjugated Polymer Synthesized by Direct Arylation Polycondensation (DArP) for Highly Efficient Antimicrobial Photothermal Therapy","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26575","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c03947","article-title":"Amphiphilic Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives for Efficient Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging and Photothermal Therapy","volume":"6","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700710","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201700710","article-title":"Advanced Photoacoustic Imaging Applications of Near-Infrared Absorbing Organic Nanoparticles","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6621","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201401560","article-title":"Photoacoustic Imaging Guided Near-Infrared Photothermal Therapy Using Highly Water-Dispersible Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns as Theranostic Agents","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21408","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b06866","article-title":"Small-Molecule Porphyrin-Based Organic Nanoparticles with Remarkable Photothermal Conversion Efficiency for in Vivo Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB00193K","article-title":"Molecular Engineering of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles by Chalcogenide Variation for Photoacoustic Imaging Guided Photothermal Therapy","volume":"9","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1039\/D0BM01569E","article-title":"Synergistic Non-Bonding Interactions Based on Diketopyrrolo-Pyrrole for Elevated Photoacoustic Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5184","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201502285","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for In Vivo Photoacoustic Imaging","volume":"27","author":"Pu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2102570","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202102570","article-title":"Near-Infrared-Light Remote-Controlled Activation of Cancer Immunotherapy Using Photothermal Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles","volume":"33","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8669","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b03738","article-title":"Near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing conjugated polymer dots as highly effective photothermal materials for in vivo cancer therapy","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900301","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201900301","article-title":"Dual-Mode Antibacterial Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2021.109762","article-title":"A Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Conjugated Polymer for Efficient Photodynamic and Photothermal Combination Therapy under Single 808 Nm Laser Irradiation","volume":"196","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dyes Pigments"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119252","article-title":"Bis-diketopyrrolopyrrole conjugated polymer nanoparticles as photothermic nanoagonist for specific and synergistic glioblastoma therapy","volume":"216","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7739","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.2c01297","article-title":"Organic Theranostic Nanoplatform with Enhanced Fluorescence and Singlet Oxygen Quantum Yield for Tumor-Targeting Image-Guided Photodynamic\/Photothermal Synergistic Therapy","volume":"4","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Polym. Mater."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, H., Chen, X., Li, S., Shen, J., and Mao, Z.-W. (2022). An Enhanced Photothermal Therapeutic Iridium Hybrid Platform Reversing the Tumor Hypoxic Microenvironment. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27092629"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2102213","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202102213","article-title":"Enlarging the Reservoir: High Absorption Coefficient Dyes Enable Synergetic Near Infrared-II Fluorescence Imaging and Near Infrared-I Photothermal Therapy","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.08.034","article-title":"2-Pyridone-Functionalized Aza-BODIPY Photosensitizer for Imaging-Guided Sustainable Phototherapy","volume":"183","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201511345","article-title":"A Bifunctional Photosensitizer for Enhanced Fractional Photodynamic Therapy: Singlet Oxygen Generation in the Presence and Absence of Light","volume":"55","author":"Turan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8833","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201914384","article-title":"A Phototheranostic Strategy to Continuously Deliver Singlet Oxygen in the Dark and Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"59","author":"Zou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30077","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c06144","article-title":"Mitochondria-Targeting Organic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Photodynamic\/Photothermal Therapy","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4162","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c10019","article-title":"Acceptor Planarization and Donor Rotation: A Facile Strategy for Realizing Synergistic Cancer Phototherapy via Type I PDT and PTT","volume":"16","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TB03185A","article-title":"Thieno[3,2-b]Thiophene-DPP Based near-Infrared Nanotheranostic Agent for Dual Imaging-Guided Photothermal\/Photodynamic Synergistic Therapy","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.114071","article-title":"Phototheranostics for NIR Fluorescence Image Guided PDT\/PTT with Extended Conjugation and Enhanced TICT","volume":"158","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2022.110748","article-title":"A Versatile Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Photosensitizing Nanoplatform with High Photostability and Photoactivity for Metastatic Breast Cancer Treatment","volume":"207","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dyes Pigments"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b07927","article-title":"Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Triphenylamine Organic Nanoparticles as Multifunctional Reagents for Photoacoustic ImagingGuided Photodynamic\/Photothermal Synergistic Tumor Therapy","volume":"11","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1039\/C9QM00036D","article-title":"Biocompatible small organic molecule phototheranostics for NIR-II fluorescence\/photoacoustic imaging and simultaneous photodynamic\/photothermal combination therapy","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Front."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13935","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b00022","article-title":"Engineered Cell-Assisted Photoactive Nanoparticle Delivery for Image-Guided Synergistic Photodynamic\/Photothermal Therapy of Cancer","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7457","DOI":"10.1039\/C7SC03351F","article-title":"Self-quenched ferrocenyl diketopyrrolopyrrole organic nanoparticles with amplifying photothermal effect for cancer therapy","volume":"8","author":"Liang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3118","DOI":"10.1039\/C8PY00215K","article-title":"A highly water-soluble triblock conjugated polymer for in vivo NIR-II imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer","volume":"9","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705980","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201705980","article-title":"Dual-Peak Absorbing Semiconducting Copolymer Nanoparticles for First and Second NearInfrared Window Photothermal Therapy: A Comparative Study","volume":"30","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.136929","article-title":"Novel Diketopyrrolopyrrole NIR-II Fluorophores and DDR Inhibitors for in Vivo Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy of Osteosarcoma","volume":"446","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10193","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c00652","article-title":"Tumor Targeting Gene Vector for Visual Tracking of Bcl-2 SiRNA Transfection and Anti-Tumor Therapy","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2020.02.007","article-title":"Recent Progress in Tumor Photodynamic Immunotherapy","volume":"31","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/28\/10\/4097\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:35:15Z","timestamp":1760124915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/28\/10\/4097"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules28104097"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules28104097","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]}}}